Life versus Death:An Interpretation of Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith in Virginia Woolf's Mrs.Dalloway

Mrs.Dalloway is one of the famous novels written by Virginia Woolf,who is perceived as one of the famous feminist writers in the history of English literature.Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith are the two protagonists in this novel.From analyzing the relationship of Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith in terms of the meaning of life and death,this thesis aims to explore the author's and the protagonists' inner conflicts and the significance of life and death.

Hope Versus Reality:A Feminist Interpretation of Virginia Woolf's Mrs.Dalloway and To the Lighthouse

Mrs.Dalloway and To the Lighthouse are two famous novels written by Virginia Woolf,who is conceived as one of the famous feminist writers in the history of English literature.Clarissa Dalloway and Mrs.Ramsay are the two female protagonists in the two novels.From analyzing the similarities in terms of personality and psychology by using feminism as the theoretical basis,this thesis aims to explore the author's and the protagonists'paradoxical psychology-inner hope versus reality,and to help women liberate from the patriarchal society.

Selection of overburden surface mining method in West Virginia by analytical hierarchy process

The broad objective of this research was to improve current surface mining practices and reduce negative environmental impact of overburden removal in West Virginia(WV).The specific objectives were to(i)compare conventional surface mining method(drilling,blasting,digging,and loading)to a surface miner(SM)method,and(ii)apply the analytical hierarchy process(AHP)to help select the optimal mining method based on production,cost and environmental criteria.The design and the procedures used in this research involve five interrelated modules:(i)rock properties of overburden in WV,(ii)drilling and blasting,(iii)digging and loading,(iv)SM method,and(v)comparative analysis and selection of the optimal mining method by AHP.Results of this research indicate that application of SM method would yield higher cost of overburden removal than conventional mining methods in rocks with a high unconfined compressive strength and abrasivity.A significant advantage of SM method,where applicable,is the elimination of the negative environmental impacts associated with blasting.

Mercury concentrations in blood and feathers of nestling Bald Eagles in coastal and inland Virginia

Background:Mercury(Hg) and methylmercury are widely considered significant issues for wildlife,and in particular,piscivorous birds due to their widespread availability and neurotoxic properties.Whereas a substantial number of studies of Hg contamination of Bald Eagles(Haliaeetus leucocephalus) have been conducted throughout the east coast of the United States,little has been done that directly addresses Hg contamination in Bald Eagles in Virginia,particularly the inland population.Methods:We collected blood and feather samples from nestling Bald Eagles in the coastal plain,piedmont,and western regions of Virginia in an effort to determine which areas of the state were more likely to contain populations showing evidence of Hg toxicity.We analyzed the samples for total Hg using a Milestone DMA-80.Results:Samples collected from individuals located in the coastal region exhibited low concentrations of Hg compared to those further inland located on freshwater rivers and reservoirs.Samples collected from the inland population exhibited levels in some areas that are approaching what may be considered to be sub-lethal to avian health(blood:mean 0.324 mg/kg,SE = 0.13,range = 0.06-0.97 mg/kg;feather:mean = 8.433 mg/kg,SE = 0.3,range = 3.811-21.14 mg/kg).Conclusions:Even after accounting for known point-sources of Hg,the inland eagle population in Virginia is susceptible to concentrations of Hg that are significantly higher than their coastal counterparts.Moreover,several locations besides those currently known to be impacted by point-sources are exhibiting concentrations that are approaching a sub-lethal level.

Analysis of four tobacco-specific nitrosamines in mainstream cigarette smoke of Virginia cigarettes by LC-MS/MS

An improved method was developed for the determination of the four major tobacco-specific nitrosamines（TSNAs） in mainstream cigarette smoke. The new method offers decreased sample preparation and analysis time as compared to traditional methods. This method uses isotope dilution liquid chromatography coupled with a tandem mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization and is significantly more sensitive than traditional methods. It also shows no evidence of artifactual formation of TSNAs. Sample concentrations were determined for four TSNAs in mainstream smoke using two isotopically labeled TSNAs analogues as internal standards. Mainstream smoke was collected on an industry standard 44-ram Cambridge filter pad, extracted with 0.1 mol/L ammonium acetate, purified by solid-phase extraction, and analyzed without further sample cleanup. The analytical column is a 3.9 mm×150 mm Waters Symmertry Shield RP18 column and volume fraction of the mobile phase is 50% methanol, 50% water containing 0.1% acetic acid. The results show that the linear range is 0.5-100.0 mg/L except for N-nitrosoanabasine （NAB） from 0.25 to 50.0 mg/L. The limits of detection are 0.1 mg/L for N-nitrosonornicotine （NNN）, 0.08 mg/L for 4-（methylnitrosamino）-1- （3-py-ridyl）-1-butanone （NNK）, 0.05 mg/L for N-nitrosoanatabine （NAT） and 0.06 mg/L for NAB. The recoveries of the four TSNAs are from 90.2% to 105.7%.

Forests of West Virginia,U.S.A. and Shaanxi,China:a study in forest exploitation and recovery

A review of the period of unregulated exploitation of forests in the state of West Virginia (U.S.) and in Shaanxi Province, PRC was presented. Economic and ecological recovery from exploitation has been different in the two regions due to basic differences in nature of the forest and in the degree and persistence of exploitive pressures. After a century since unregulated exploitation, West Virginia forests are well on the road to management for sustainability and conservation. Shaanxi's recovery from overuse and unregulated exploitation is less certain; forests are still in the early phases of ecological recovery there. Full recovery to a period of sustainability will take a century or longer. Suggestions are made for measures needed to enhance the forest recovery. Keywords Forests - Shaanxi - West Virginia - Central China - Forest exploitation - Recovery CLC number S754 Document code A Article ID 1007-662X(2004)01-0049-06 Foundation item: The project was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry (2002–2004) and Shaanxi Provincial Foreign Expert Bureau (2003).Biography: Jack E. Coster (1935-), male, professor of West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia. U.S.A.Responsible editor: Song Funan

Woman, Fiction and Modernism:Virginia Woolf and Modernist Fiction

As an outstanding modernist female writer in the early twentieth century, Virginia Woolf appeals for women's liberation in literary productions. Focusing on her most significant feminist criticism A Room of One's Own, especially on the argument "It is useless to go to the great men writers for help . . . a man's sentence . . . was unsuited for a woman's use", this essay attempts to explore how Woolf searches for language and literary forms more suited for women writers in patriarchal society, and in what ways modernist language and literary form have been shaped by the motives for innovation in Woolf's works. Shaping and being shaped by the trend of modernism, Woolf's assertion of androgynous mind and her unique stream-of-consciousness techniques make contribution to modernist female writing.

Map of Maryland and Virginia of 1660-1670 Created by Augustin Herrmann

In the paper a little known large 4-folio map of the territory of the later US states Virginia and Maryland is introduced. The map, which was surveyed and composed between 1660 and 1670, is exceptional from several points of view: the vast impenetrable territory covering a strip of land of about 700 × 400 km was mapped by one man, Augustin Herrman “Bohemian” (as he called himself) and by his crew during 10-year surveying and trigonometric measurements. It seems that this extraordinary map belongs among the first geodetically surveyed maps of the American territory. In 1960 altogether 5 copies of the map, complete in four parts, were known in British, French and American Libraries and map collections.

Acupuncture Legislation in Virginia,United States:A Personal Experience and Beyond

Virginia was once considered as one of three states in the United States that was particularly resistant to acupuncture and its legislation,due to the historically strong conservative force in Virginia.In this article,the author aims to review and discuss the history and the current situation of acupuncture legislation in Virginia,and provides some insights for the related legislations in other states and at federal level.This study was based on author’s personal experience and an interview with Mr.Floyd Herdrich,former president of the Acupuncture Society of Virginia,who made the biggest contribution to this legislation.Led by the Acupuncture Society of Virginia,and supported by the School Tai Sophia Institute,Virginia acupuncture legislation began in 1988 and the law was implemented in 1994.Virginia is the 27th state in the United States to legalize acupuncture practice,and it has been 28 years since then.The author’s insights are:the first important factor is dedications as the persistent efforts in legislation usually take many years to materialize.The second factor is the strategy,that is,legislation through the executive or administrative system is probably a much easier route or shortcut.

An Analysis of Farming in the Rural Economic Development of West Virginia

Farming is still an important sector in rural economic development of West Virginia where 44% of the population lives in rural areas and 24% of the land is used for farming. While income earnings, education and employment rates are low in rural areas, poverty rates and unemployment are high compared to the urban areas. Thus, in the context of rural development farming is a potential major economic sector where 42% of the people＇s primary occupation is reported as farming. The objective of this study is to identify and estimate the potential impacts of farm employment in rural economic growth of West Virginia. Data from U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and U.S Census Bureau for the period of 1993 to 2008 are used for the empirical analysis. A model derived from the three simultaneous equations of Duncan is used for analysis. Three-Stage Least Squares （3SLS） method using the statistical package of STATA is used for estimation. The results concerning simultaneous relationships with population density growth, per capita income growth, and farm employment growth reveal significant importance of farming in rural economic development of West Virginia. Furthermore, the results indicate the positive impacts of population density, number of people with farming as principal occupation, and crop production on rural farming sector.

An Approach to Assertive and Non-assertive Epistemic Modality in Virginia Woolf＇s Essays

This study entails a first approach to epistemic modality in Woolf＇s essays. In particular, we will distinguish between assertive and non-assertive epistemic modality. Woolf uses assertive epistemic modality when transmitting her criticism to, sometimes, women＇s inferiority condition in history, revealing Woolf＇s more confident stance. These markers are different from those used in more ＂gentle＂ themes related to reviewing an author and her work. In this second case, non-assertive epistemic modality is more frequent. Being less harsh towards an author＇s surroundings and her literary production, Woolf＇s stance proves less self-assured. The corpus consists of 10 short essays. We also refer to her longer essays A Room of One＇s Own （1929） and Three Guineas 0938）. They were selected bearing in mind their subject-matter. Half of them deal with literature and women writers, their lives and works; the other half ones also have to do with women-related topics, but referring to their position in history and their difficulties to undertake, for example, a literary career. Some concluding remarks indicate the predominance of non-assertive epistemic modality in relation to an intersubjective reading of her texts. This reading favours the inclusion of her audience in her commentary about women writing.

The Cultural Values of Tea in Virginia Woolf＇s The Years

The paper probes into the connotations of tea in Virginia Woolt＇s The Years, showing historical changes of the relationship between women and tea. On the basis of the female characters＇ attitude and their understanding of tea, the tea values shed light on the culturally feminine roles, identity, social identity changes and family position in the Victorian Era and the New Era.

A Picture of ＂Subjective Reality＂＂ A Narrative Analysis of Virginia Woolf＇s ＂The Mark on the Wall＂

Unlike traditional fiction, Virginia Woolf＇s ＂The Mark on the Wall＂ doesn＇t have lively characters, detailed setting, or intriguing plot. Discarding the traditional narrative mode of zero focalization, the narrator adopts a new fixed internal focalization, interwoven with the first person external point of view. By weakening the physical time and space, the narrator tells the story according to her psychological time and space, stressing the moment of importance, through which the writer highlights her subjective reality.

Fragmentation and Wholeness in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves

Virginia Woolf’s seventh novel,The Waves,first published by the Hogarth Press in 1931,is widely regarded as her most experimental piece of writing.The complex and elusive structure of the work,the least representational among Woolf’s novels,challenges the reader’s assumptions about the inner and the outer world.In the absence of a substantial story,of a convincing plot and well-defined characters,the reader is called upon to search for a deeper coherence and more profound meanings.Indeed,in The Waves the modernist writer strives for a fresh way of expressing a vision of wholeness in a broken world.The present article attempts to reread Woolf’s self-conscious novel in the double perspective of separation and reunion,of dispersal and recomposition.A close reading of selected passages will show how the poetics of fragmentation and the poetics of wholeness coexist in Woolf’s narrative,pervading the imagery and the symbols of the text.In more than one sense,the dialectic between division and unity,fragmentation and wholeness can be identified as the structuring force of the novel;most tellingly,this textual dynamism is reflected in the oscillatory motion of the waves,continuously breaking and merging.

Virginia的来历及其它

Virginia(弗吉尼亚)是以英国女王Elizabeth Ⅰ(伊丽莎白一世)命名的。由于她终身未婚,因此被称作Virgin Queen of England。 Virginia是最初英国入长期定居的地方,叫做the Old Dominion,以后它被分为Virginia,West Virginia(西弗吉尼亚)和Maryland(马里兰)等八个州。

On the Symbolic Meaning of Imaginary Son in Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

According to the relationship between symbol and meaning in semiotics,this paper analyzes the symbolic meaning of the imaginary son and the meaning of killing him in Albee’s Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?,and concludes that killing the imaginary son is the only way to escape the bondage of rigid social morality and come back to the reality.

我杂志高级顾问弗吉尼娅·文渝·李(Virginia Man-Yee Lee)获科学突破奖

2019年9月5日,2020年度科学突破奖(Breakthrough Prize)揭晓。科学突破奖又被誉为"科学界的奥斯卡",也被称为全世界最慷慨的科学奖,单奖为三百万美金。现已进入第八年。科学突破奖每年都会表彰在生命科学,基础物理学和数学领域做出成就的科学家,表彰在他们的努力下做出的为理解生命系统和延长人类寿命领域方面的变革性进展,而这些学科奖项意在提出未来的问题,并寻求深刻的解决方案。

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

1设计理念弗吉尼亚理工太阳能住宅的设计包含了多学科研究方法,着力于用实际建造检验科研成果.它充分利用了计算与直觉、技术革新与建筑表现、优化性能与合理材料、客观存在与心理影响之间的双重性所产生的矛盾对立.同时,考虑技术设计与建筑设计成为Lumenhaus自身标志性特点,包括数量标准在内的所有决策都依照它们对于空间质量的贡献而定.对技术的思考导致新形式的出现,能源节约与资源保护也体现出丰富多样的生活方式.

A Review of Studies on Virginia Woolf from the Perspective of Psychology

Virginia Woolf has drawn academic attention since she published her first novel.Studies on Virginia Woolf from the perspective of psychology started in the 1950 s and have been kept since then,and in recent years there has been a warming trend in this respect.The paper aims at combing through studies on Virginia Woolf from psychological perspective at home and abroad,investigating its research status and prospect,summarizing its characteristics,digging out problems and exploring space for further studies.

Pursuit of Individuality: A Thematic Study of Virginia Woolf's To the Lighthouse

Virginia Woolf’s life value,the pursuit for individuality in particular,is manifested in her successful work To the Light-house.Two aspects of pursuing individuality,that is,personal space and self-realization are clarified the significance of pursing in-dividuality in people’s life is analyzed.