Material basis and pharmacodynamic mechanism of YangshenDingzhi granules in the intervention of viral pneumonia:Based on serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology

Background:YangshenDingzhi granules(YSDZ)are clinically effective in preventing and treating COVID-19.The present study elucidates the underlying mechanism of YSDZ intervention in viral pneumonia by employing serum pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.Methods:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood were examined using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS).Potential protein targets were obtained from the SwissTargetPrediction database,and the target genes associated with viral pneumonia were identified using GeneCards,DisGeNET,and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM)databases.The intersection of blood component-related targets and disease-related targets was determined using Venny 2.1.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING database.The Metascape database was employed to perform enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology(GO)functions and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathways for the targets,while the Cytoscape 3.9.1 software was utilized to construct drug-component-disease-target-pathway networks.Further,in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to establish the therapeutic effectiveness of YSDZ against viral pneumonia.Results:Fifteen compounds and 124 targets linked to viral pneumonia were detected in serum.Among these,MAPK1,MAPK3,AKT1,EGFR,and TNF play significant roles.In vitro tests revealed that the medicated serum suppressed the replication of H1N1,RSV,and SARS-CoV-2 replicon.Further,in vivo testing analysis shows that YSDZ decreases the viral load in the lungs of mice infected with RSV and H1N1.Conclusion:The chemical constituents of YSDZ in the blood may elicit therapeutic effects against viral pneumonia by targeting multiple proteins and pathways.

To explore the mechanism of Fuyang Jiebiao granules against viral pneumonia based on network pharmacology and pharmacodynamics

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of Fuyang Jiebiao granule(FYJBKL)in the treatment of viral pneumonia.Methods:Firstly,a network model was constructed using network pharmacology to study the target expression sites of FYJBKL viral pneumonia,so as to determine the main targets and important signal transduction pathways for the treatment of viral pneumonia.Secondly,the main components of the drug and the main target are docked.Then,the fever,sweating and inflammation rat models were established to explore the antipyretic,sweating and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of FYJBKL.Finally,the contents of IL-17,IL-1β,TNF-αand IL-6 in blood samples of rats were analyzed by ELISA method,and the morphological changes of lung tissue were observed by HE staining.Results:Quercetin,luteolin,kaempferol,etc.,and the main mechanism targets are IL-17,IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6 and so on.Thirty signal pathways were identified by KEGG enrichment analysis,including interleukin-17 signaling pathway(IL-17 signaling pathway),human cytomegalovirus infection pathway(human cytomegalovirus infection),Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus infection pathway(Kaposi's sarcoma-as-sociated herpesvirus infection)and so on.After the study of molecular docking,we found that the contact efficiency between active substances and possible key targets is good.The high and middle concentration groups of FYJBKL significantly decreased the expression of IL-17,IL-1β,TNF-αand IL-6 in the blood of rats with inflammation(P<0.05).FYJBKL significantly reduced the foot swelling induced by egg white and inhibited the increase of body temperature induced by yeast in rats(P<0.05).HE staining showed that FYJBKL improved pulmonary fibrosis and inflammatory exudation to varying degrees.Conclusion:The effects of FuyangJiebiao granules on the related signal pathways of anti-virus,anti-immune and anti-inflammation as well as biological and cellular processes may be caused by the binding of quercetin,luteolin,kaempferol and other active ingredients to their shared targets.Fuyang Jiebiao granules can improve the related symptoms caused by viral pneumonia,and its mechanism may be related to the activities of TNF,IL-17,IL-6 and other related channels,which are multiple targets of inflammation regulation.

Efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder in treating viral pneumonia in children

BACKGROUND Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with communityacquired pneumonia.Further strategies to limit antibiotic use in children with viral pneumonia are warranted.AIM To explore clinical efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder for viral pneumonia in children and its impact on cellular immunity and inflammatory factor production.METHODS A total of 60 children with viral pneumonia were recruited:30 receiving budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder and 30 conventional symptomatic treatment.Outcome measures included peripheral blood levels of inflammatory cytokines,CD4^(+),CD8^(+),Th1,Th2,Th17 and Treg,clinical efficacy,and incidence of adverse reactions.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant reduction in interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels after treatment.Compared with the control group,the observation group showed a significant increase in CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and Th1/Th2 levels,and a decrease in Th17/Treg levels after treatment.The total effective rates in the observation group and the control group were 93.75%and 85.00%,respectively,which was a significant difference(P=0.003).CONCLUSION Budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder significantly improved therapeutic efficacy for viral pneumonia in children.The mechanism of action may be related to downregulation of the inflammatory response and improved cellular immune function.

The Performance of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Various Viral Pneumonia Pandemics: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Objective: To compare the effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and routine mechanical ventilation on mortality and the risk of associated adverse events in patients with severe viral pneumonia. Methods: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and other databases were searched to collect case-control or cohort studies on prognoses associated with ECMO treatment for viral pneumonia. Search terms included extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO, viral pneumonia, COVID-19, influenza, MERS, and others. According to the PICOS principle, two evaluators independently screened the literature, extracted the data, cross-checked the data, and extracted the data again. Two researchers evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and cross-checked the results. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results: Nine studies were included for analysis, encompassing a total of 4,330 patients, which were categorized into ECMO and CMV groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups in most baseline data;however, the ECMO group had a lower oxygenation index, and some studies reported higher SOFA scores in the ECMO group compared to the CMV group. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality between the two groups. The length of ICU stay, total hospital stay, and total mechanical ventilation time were longer in the ECMO group than in the CMV group. In terms of adverse events, there was no significant difference in the occurrence of kidney injury between the two groups. Bleeding events were reported in two studies, with more bleeding events occurring in the ECMO group. According to the subgroup analysis of different virus types, there were no statistical differences in the above aspects among patients with swine flu, novel coronavirus, and MERS. Conclusion: ECMO has a certain degree of positive significance in the treatment of severe viral pneumonia, but there is no significant difference in the treatment outcome of ECMO across different epidemic periods. The timing of ECMO treatment, patient management, and withdrawal evaluation still need further research.

Xiaochaihu decoction alleviates viral pneumonia by regulating macrophage polarization

Background:In this investigation,we sought to evaluate the benefits of Xiaochaihu decoction(XCHD)on polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-induced viral pneumonia in mice and elucidate its mechanisms of action.Method:A viral pneumonia model was established in mice using polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid,with mice being intragastrically administered different doses of XCHD.The benefits of XCHD therapy for mice with viral pneumonia were assessed by determining the weight ratio of lung tissue,wet-to-dry,overall protein concentrations,and total cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,and hematoxylin and eosin staining of lung tissues.By determining the interleukin-1βlevels,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,nitric oxide,interleukin-10,and interleukin-4,and the mRNA and protein expression of nitric oxide synthase 2,arginase-1,and macrophage mannose receptor 1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,we assessed consequences of XCHD on macrophage polarization with mice suffering from viral pneumonia.Results:XCHD was found to significantly reduce lung tissue wet-to-dry and the total protein content and total number of cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,while ameliorating pathological modifications to the lung tissues of rodents suffering from viral pneumonia,thereby indicating that this medicinal preparation has a healing impact on model mice with viral pneumonia.In addition,XCHD was found to reduce the magnitudes of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,and nitric oxide and the mRNA and protein manifestation of nitric oxide synthase 2,and promote an increase in the levels of interleukin-10 and interleukin-4 and the mRNA and protein expression of arginase-1 and macrophage mannose receptor 1,thereby indicating that XCHD can favorably mediate polarization of macrophages in mice with viral pneumonia.Conclusion:XCHD has notable therapeutic effects on viral pneumonia in mice,the fundamental workings of action of which may be connected to regulation of macrophage polarization.

The efficacy and safety of anti-humidification traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of viral pneumonia: A meta-analysis

Objective A meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for dispelling dampness in the treatment of viral pneumonia.Methods The databases of CNKI,CBM,WanFang data,VIP,EMBASE,PubMed,and Cochrane library were searched,and the clinical trials of dispelling dampness TCM in the treatment of viral pneumonia were selected.The retrieval period is from the establishment of the database to December 2022.Stata 17.0 software was used to perform meta-analysis,and review manager 5.3 software was used to assess the risk of bias.Overall efficacy was evaluated by OR,and improvement in major clinical symptoms were evaluated by RR.Results A total of 20 randomized controlled trials were included,with a total of 2136 patients,including 1180 patients in the experimental group and 956 patients in the control group.Meta-analysis showed that TCM for dispelling dampness could significantly improve the efficacy of viral pneumonia patients[OR=2.652,95%CI=(2.187,3.217),Z=9.908,P<0.05];The child with abnormal lung X-rays returned to normal after treatment[RR=4.23,95%CI=(2.42,7.42),Z=5.04,P<0.05];In addition,patients had fewer adverse reactions to dispelling dampness TCM,and the safety of the trial was good.Conclusion This Meta-analysis further clarified the efficacy of TCM for dispelling dampness in the treatment of viral pneumonia by combining clinical data and has suggestive significance for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia.

COVID-19 or non-COVID viral pneumonia:How to differentiate based on the radiologic findings?

Influenza viruses were responsible for most adult viral pneumonia.Presently,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has evolved into serious global pandemic.COVID-19 outbreak is expected to persist in months to come that will be synchronous with the influenza season.The management,prognosis,and protection for these two viral pneumonias differ considerably and differentiating between them has a high impact on the patient outcome.Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction is highly specific but has suboptimal sensitivity.Chest computed tomography(CT)has a high sensitivity for detection of pulmonary disease manifestations and can play a key-role in diagnosing COVID-19.We reviewed 47 studies and delineated CT findings of COVID-19 and influenza pneumonia.The differences observed in the chest CT scan can be helpful in differentiation.For instance,ground glass opacities(GGOs),as the most frequent imaging finding in both diseases,can differ in the pattern of distribution.Peripheral and posterior distribution,multilobular distribution,pure or clear margin GGOs were more commonly reported in COVID-19,whereas central or peri-bronchovascular GGOs and pure consolidations were more seen in influenza A(H1N1).In review of other imaging findings,further differences were noticed.Subpleural curvilinear lines,sugar melted sign,intra-lesional vascular enlargement,reverse halo sign,and fibrotic bands were more reported in COVID-19 than H1N1,while air space nodule,tree-in-bud,bronchiectasia,pleural effusion,and cavitation were more seen in H1N1.This delineation,when combined with clinical manifestations and laboratory results may help to differentiate these two viral infections.

Evaluation by Survival Analysis on Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Children with Respiratory Syncytial Viral Pneumonia of Phlegm-Heat Blocking Fei Syndrome

Objective:To objectively evaluate the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine in treating children s respiratory syncytial viral pneumonia(RSVP) of phlegm-heat blocking Fei(肺) syndrome(PHBFS). Methods:A single-blinded multi-center,blocked,randomized and parallel-controlled method was adopted.The clinical study was carried out on 206 children with RSVP-PHBFS who were assigned to two groups,108 in the test group treated through intravenous dripping of Qingkailing Injection(清开灵注射液) in combination of or...

Xiyanping Injection in Treatment of Viral Pneumonia in Children: A Meta-analysis of Random Control Trials

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xiyanping Injection in the treatment of viral pneumonia in children. Methods We searched several databases, including Pub Med, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang Data（January— June, 2014）. The references of all selected studies were also retrieved to collect the relevantly randomized controlled trials（RCTs） on Xiyanping Injection for viral pneumonia in children. Two authors screened the literatures in accordance with the inclusive criteria, extracted the data and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. We used Rev Man 5.2 software for meta-analysis. Results Meta-analysis on the 10 included RCTs showed that the effective rates of defervescing and vanishing of the rashes and cough in the Xiyanping Injection group were better than those in the Ribavirin Injection group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of adverse drug reaction. Conclusion The existing research indicated that Xiyanping Injection is a secure and efficient scheme for viral pneumonia in children. Because of the poor quality of present researches, these results should be verified by strictly-designed and large-scale sample RCTs.

中医药基于“扶正宣肺”治则抗病毒性肺炎作用研究

病毒性肺炎是发生率较高的一种疾病,其中感染病毒是一个主要诱发因素。对于病毒性肺炎,西医主要采用对症治疗,以抗病毒药物为主,但是随着用药时间的延长,容易出现耐药性,并且不良反应多,可降低患者耐受性。而在瘟疫类疾病的预防和治疗中,“扶正祛邪”有着重要的历史地位,并且现代药理学研究表明,这一治法可以使机体免疫状态得到改善。论文以“扶正、宣肺”的原则为基本出发点,在对相关资料进行分析的基础上,阐述病毒性肺炎的中药治疗进展,明确其作用机制,以促进临床治疗水平的提高。

瞬时受体电位通道在病毒性肺炎发展过程中的关键作用

目的对病毒性肺炎感染过程中与瞬时受体电位(transient receptor potential,TRP)通道家族可能的发生机制进行综述研究。方法通过检索中国知网和PubMed数据库,收集近30年关于TRP通道家族与病毒性肺炎关系研究和机制探讨的相关报道。结果作为细胞膜上的离子受体通道,TRP通道能够调节细胞内外钙离子平衡,抑制或加速病毒入侵宿主;通过加速钙离子内流,激化细胞氧化应激反应,加速细胞自噬或凋亡;通过促进细胞形态变化,增强其对炎症介质和细胞因子的响应等。结论TRP通道是病毒感染宿主过程中的重要调控因子,其对病毒感染过程中的多个生理过程产生直接或间接的影响,进一步对TRP通道家族进行深入研究,可成为抗病毒药物研发的新靶点,为临床抗病毒性肺炎提供新思路。

单中心维持性血液透析患者新型冠状病毒感染状况调查及预后影响因素分析

目的调查维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis,MHD)患者新型冠状病毒感染的患病率,并分析影响预后的相关因素,为更好地管理MHD患者提供依据。方法整群抽取280例MHD患者作为调查对象,调查MHD合并新型冠状病毒感染的患病率。筛选出其中感染新型冠状病毒的患者,根据预后情况的不同,将MHD新型冠状病毒感染患者分为痊愈组和死亡组,调查相关因素。结果共筛查出MHD合并新型冠状病毒感染患者265例,患病率为94.64%。死亡患者15例,病死率为5.66%。无症状感染者为30例(11.32%)。与痊愈组(n=250)患者相比,死亡组(n=15)患者发生乏力、纳差、咳嗽、咽喉肿痛、呼吸困难的比例更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与死亡组患者相比,痊愈组患者发生肌肉酸痛的比例更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者在发热、嗅觉失敏、味觉失敏、头昏头痛、腹泻等症状的百分率方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者在原发疾病中的慢性肾炎,高血压,多囊肾,新型冠状病毒疫苗接种1剂次、2剂次、3剂次,透析龄,血磷、甲状旁腺激素水平、透析间期体重增长率、血红蛋白、空腹血糖以及血压等指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与痊愈组患者相比,死亡组患者在原发疾病中的糖尿病比例及感染新型冠状病毒后发生病毒性肺炎的比例更高,透析间期更加缺少运动,年龄更大,血钙水平更低,炎症指标(白细胞计数、C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6))更高以及存在更多的单室尿素清除指数(single-poolKt/V,spKt/V)不达标,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论原发疾病中的糖尿病、感染新型冠状病毒后发生的病毒性肺炎、透析间期缺乏运动、高龄、低血钙、高水平炎症指标(白细胞计数、C反应蛋白、降钙素原、IL-6)以及spKt/V不达标是引起MHD新型冠状病毒感染患者死亡的主要影响因素。因此,鼓励MHD患者透析间期加强运动,有利于增强MHD患者的体质。另外,通过改善患者的透析充分性,有助于改善MHD新型冠状病毒感染患者的预后。

亲环蛋白A在肺部感染性疾病中的研究进展

亲环蛋白A(CyPA)是一种具有肽基脯氨酸顺式/反式异构酶(PPIase)活性的免疫亲和蛋白,广泛表达于肺等多种组织和器官中。在炎症反应或外部细胞因子刺激下,CyPA分泌到细胞外,通过与CD147等受体结合,激活ERK/NF-κB等信号通路,促进炎症细胞趋化及炎症因子释放,参与多种炎症性疾病的病理生理过程。CyPA表达水平与慢性气道炎症、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、新型冠状病毒肺炎等肺部疾病的炎症程度呈正相关,且靶向CyPA治疗能够减轻疾病的炎症水平及改善预后,本文介绍CyPA在常见肺部感染性疾病中的研究进展,为了解其在肺部感染性疾病中的作用机制提供参考。

治疗病毒性肺炎的古方配伍特征分析研究

目的利用关联规则算法,探索治疗病毒性肺炎古方中的单味药频次及药物之间配伍特征。方法利用中国中医科学院中医药信息研究所“中医古方数据库”,检索治疗病毒性肺炎相关古方,得到985首方剂,去除与本次检索目的无关方剂,最终纳入749首方剂进行分析。采用Excel 2016建立数据表,并对单味药进行统计、药物配伍、关联规则分析及聚类分析。筛选时间为建库至2023年10月。结果收集方剂中共涉及290味药,筛选出在治疗病毒性肺炎古方中出现频次≥50次的药物,共有43味药,对其中高频单味药进行统计得出:⑴从药性角度分析,温性药18味、出现1773次,寒性药16味、出现1226次,各占药性频次总数的43.33%和29.96%;⑵从药味角度分析,辛味药18味、出现2268次,苦味药22味、出现2013次,甘味药17味、出现1681次,各占药味频次总数的35.55%、31.55%和26.35%;⑶从归经角度分析,归肺经药26味、出现2501次,归脾经药23味、出现2447次,归胃经药18味、出现1587次,归心经药14味、出现1324次,各占归经频次总数的21.45%、20.99%、13.61%和11.36%;⑷从功效角度分析,解表药12味、出现2501次,补虚药7味、出现827次,清热药9味、出现662次,各占功效频次总数的27.59%、20.21%和16.18%。治疗病毒性肺炎古方中药物关联规则结果显示,重要性高的3个药物组合分别为“苦杏仁、石膏、麻黄”“金银花、甘草、连翘”“草果、藿香、厚朴”。结论治疗病毒性肺炎古方中,药物多偏于温辛、寒苦、寒甘等,入肺、脾、胃经,以清热解毒、宣肺透邪为基本治则。

基于hACE2转导建立SARS-CoV-2 spike假病毒感染病证结合的小鼠病毒肺炎模型

目的建立与评价一种安全、经济、有效的病证结合小鼠新冠病毒感染肺炎模型。方法30只KM种小鼠随机分为空白组、对照组及实验1组、实验2组、实验3组,每组各6只。每天把KM小鼠置于模拟寒湿环境中4 h,将表达hACE2的重组腺相关病毒(pAAV-hACE2)采用改良悬挂法气管内给药转导至肺组织,继以新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)spike假病毒采用相同的气管内给药方式造模。观察各组小鼠一般情况,检测体重变化、肺指数、血清炎性因子及肺部病理变化。结果免疫组化法显示h ACE2在小鼠肺组织中有效表达;在寒湿环境中给予SARS-CoV-2 spike假病毒后,实验组小鼠表现出类似疫毒犯肺证候的体征;且同样喂养条件和时间下,与空白组和对照组小鼠比较,实验组小鼠出现体重下降;实验1、2、3组小鼠出现肺指数显著增大(P<0.05或P<0.01),血清炎性因子白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)显著升高(P<0.01),肺组织病理改变明显。结论本研究成功建立了一种安全、经济、有效的病证结合小鼠新冠病毒感染肺炎模型。

病毒性肺炎中药网络药理学初探

病毒性肺炎对全球人民的身体健康构成了极大威胁,中医药在其治疗过程中发挥着举足轻重的作用,目前从分子层面上的作用机制尚不明确。文章聚焦于病毒性肺炎的病症特点及其治疗,探讨中药潜力与网络药理学应用;介绍病毒性肺炎的基本概况、流行病学特征及病理机制;评述中药发展历史和现代研究进展;进一步强调网络药理学在解析中药成分作用机制方面的新视角;结合网络药理学的病毒性肺炎中药研究现状、挑战和未来方向进行概述,旨在推动传统中医药与现代科技整合,创新病毒性肺炎治疗方法。

甲型H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠肺共信号分子变化研究

背景甲型流感病毒传染性强,重症感染病死率高。共信号分子是参与免疫应答的重要分子。探究甲型流感病毒感染后肺病毒载量与共信号分子的变化特点及相关性可为病毒感染后的治疗提供参考依据。目的探究甲型流感病毒A/Puerto Rico/8/34(H1N1)(PR8株)感染小鼠肺病毒载量和共信号分子的变化特点及相关性。方法72只7周龄BALB/c小鼠随机分为高剂量病毒组(108 TCID50/mL,50μL/只,32只)、低剂量病毒组(104 TCID50/mL,50μL/只,32只)和对照组(PBS,50μL/只,8只),三组分别于感染后24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h每个时间点每组各处死8只、8只、2只小鼠;解剖取左肺行HE染色,实时定量逆转录PCR(qRT-PCR)检测肺病毒载量以及共信号分子CD28、CD226、ICOS、CTLA-4、TIGIT、PD-1 mRNA相对表达量。将高、低剂量病毒组所有病毒感染小鼠(n=64)肺病毒载量与共信号分子mRNA相对表达量行相关性分析。结果感染后96 h内,高剂量病毒组相比低剂量病毒组小鼠肺损伤较重,且共刺激分子CD28、CD226、ICOS mRNA相对表达量均减少(P均<0.05)。高剂量病毒组小鼠感染后24 h PD-1 mRNA相对表达量增加(P<0.01),感染后48 h CTLA-4 mRNA相对表达量增加(P<0.01)且病毒复制达到峰值。低剂量病毒组小鼠感染后72 h PD-1 mRNA相对表达量增加(P<0.05)且病毒复制达到峰值,感染后96 h CTLA-4 mRNA相对表达量增加(P<0.01)。病毒感染小鼠(n=64)肺病毒载量与PD-1 mRNA相对表达量存在正相关关系(r=0.540,P<0.001),与CD226 mRNA相对表达量存在负相关关系(r=-0.340,P=0.006)。结论甲型流感病毒感染小鼠肺组织中CTLA-4、PD-1 mRNA相对表达量增加等现象的早期出现可能提示小鼠感染的重症化。肺组织中的PD-1和CD226可能是与肺病毒载量相关的共信号分子靶点。

基于生物信息学分析甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的生物标志物

目的通过基于基因表达综合(GEO)数据集的生物信息学方法筛选和分析甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的潜在生物标志物。方法从GEO数据库获取甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎的数据集,并筛选差异表达基因,使用STRING 12.0数据库和Cytoscape 3.9.1软件对这些差异表达基因进行分析并筛选出Hub基因,使用DAVID数据库对这些差异表达基因进行功能富集分析。结果筛选出1019个差异表达基因,其中上调基因522个,下调基因497个。富集结果显示,这些差异表达基因的功能主要富集于细胞质、蛋白质磷酸化、免疫应答、补体成分、激酶活性、T细胞受体信号通路及FoxO信号通路等。最终确定了CDK1、CCNA2、CCNB2、CDC20、TOP2A、KIF20A、DLGAP5、BUB1、KIF11和TPX2为Hub基因。结论本研究阐明了10个Hub基因(CDK1、CCNA2、CCNB2、CDC20、TOP2A、KIF20A、DLGAP5、BUB1、KIF11和TPX2)有可能作为甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎诊断和治疗的潜在生物标志物,但仍需更多的实验来进一步探索这些Hub基因在甲型H1N1流感病毒性肺炎中的具体机制。

片仔癀对情志内热诱导流感病毒易感性的作用研究

目的本研究在中医情志致病理论指导下,基于课题组前期利用小鼠拘束应激附加H1N1感染构建情志内热诱导流感病毒易感模型,评价了名优清热中成药片仔癀对流感病毒易感性的作用。方法小鼠拘束应激18 h后滴鼻感染H1N1流感病毒,记录小鼠的体征和体质量变化,统计各组小鼠的发病率。在病毒感染后的第4日取肺脏组织采用HE染色、免疫组化、Western blot、ELISA等方法检测病理情况和炎症水平;分别通过Western blot和试剂盒检测脂质过氧化终产物水平;利用氧化磷脂组学检测肺组织中各类氧化磷脂的含量。结果片仔癀能够显著降低情志应激小鼠感染流感病毒的发病率,抑制肺组织流感病毒复制与炎症因子释放,改善肺部炎症,缓解脂质过氧化终产物堆积。氧化磷脂组学结果显示,情志应激附加流感感染小鼠肺组织中氧化磷脂酰胆碱和氧化磷脂酰乙醇胺水平均明显增加,片仔癀给药能显著降低磷脂过氧化水平。结论清热中药片仔癀对情志内热诱导的流感病毒易感有良好的改善作用,作用机制可能与调节磷脂过氧化有关。

1285例病毒性肺炎患儿病原分布特征及其与中医证型的关系

目的探究1285例病毒性肺炎患儿的病原分布特征、临床特点及与中医证型的关系。方法选取2022年1月—2022年12月于沈阳市儿童医院住院治疗的肺炎患儿2089例,采用RT-PCR检测甲型流感病毒(Infa)(包括H1N1、H3N2)、乙型流感病毒(Infb)、腺病毒(HADV)、博卡病毒(BoV)、鼻病毒(HRV)、副流感病毒(HPIV)、冠状病毒(HCOV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(HRSV)、偏肺病毒(HMPV)、新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)等病毒,采用ELISA法检测Epstein-Barr病毒(EB病毒)。结果病毒性肺炎1285例,病毒阳性率61.51%,前5位病原体依次为HRSV、Infb、HMPV、HRV、Infa;HRSV主要分布在春季和冬季,Infb冬季阳性率明显高于其他季节,HMPV、BoV、HRV、HCOV、HADV均以秋季为主,Infa、HPIV主要分布在夏季,SARS-CoV-2全部在冬季;HRSV婴儿期阳性率最高,随着年龄增加阳性率降低,Infb、PV、HRV、Infa学龄前期阳性率高,BoV幼儿期阳性率高于其他年龄段,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);HRSV毒热闭肺证百分比高于其他证型,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他病原体与中医证型分布无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论HRSV、Infb、HMPV、HRV、Infa为儿童病毒性肺炎的主要病原体,不同病原体肺炎与季节、年龄、中医证型等相关。