Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eradicate or at least significantly reduce the prevalence the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) b...Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eradicate or at least significantly reduce the prevalence the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) by 2030. The main objective was to provide an evolving overview of the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV infection between 2003 and 2022 in Burkina Faso. Methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from 2003 to 2022. The data were collected using information available in the databases of the HOSCO and CERBA laboratories and included all individuals who underwent HIV and/or HBV and/or HCV testing. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, EpiInfo 7, and R version 4.1.0. Results were considered statistically significant if p Results: The study recorded 7432 samples and the mean age of the subjects was 27.98 ± 8.50 years. During this period, the respective prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 4.66% (346/7432), 8.77% (582/6636) and 5.54% (322/5816). However, from 2003 to 2022, there was a significant decrease (P y=−1.75x+12.59;y=−0.24x+10.01and y=−0.11x+6.02, with “y” corresponding to prevalence and “x” to the years. Conclusion: Burkina Faso needs to rigorously apply prevention and control strategies recommended by the WHO by 2030.展开更多
Objectives: Sex work is not well documented among African men. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of men who have sex with men (MSM) and eventually to determine the proportion of sex wor...Objectives: Sex work is not well documented among African men. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of men who have sex with men (MSM) and eventually to determine the proportion of sex workers (SW) among them, as well as the proportion of MSM who have been victims of gender-based violence (GBV). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study coordinated by the Direction de la Médecine du Travail was carried out at the headquarters of the association ALTERNATIVES in Bangui Bangui from July 1 to October 31, 2021. Consenting MSM present during the study period were systematically included. Sociodemographic variables, those relating to the future vision of the activity and to GBV were collected and analyzed using Epi-Info version 7 software. Results: Forty MSM with an average age of 23 years and mainly secondary education (75.0%) were included. The vast majority of MSM were unemployed (85.0%). 45.0% had been victims of GBV and wanted to stop working as an MSM (47.5%), and almost 2/3 (65.0%) would accept another income-generating activity in exchange for the MSM. Violence was sexual (32.5%), economic (22.5%), physical (20.0%), verbal (12.5%) and psychological (12.5%). Conclusion: The MSM were mainly young, poorly educated, unemployed, and almost half were victims of GBV. The desire to change MSM activity to another income-generating activity alongside that of MSM shows that many of them are SW, workers in the informal sector. This must be taken into account in prevention activities, even if the data needs to be confirmed on a much larger sample.展开更多
目的对应用核心行为测试组合（Neurobchavioral Core Test Battery,NCTB）方法进行噪声对神经影响流行病学调查的文献进行Meta-分析,用NCTB法确定噪声对神经系统的影响及可能的作用阈值.方法应用Meta-分析方法的Stouffer法和Winnner法,...目的对应用核心行为测试组合（Neurobchavioral Core Test Battery,NCTB）方法进行噪声对神经影响流行病学调查的文献进行Meta-分析,用NCTB法确定噪声对神经系统的影响及可能的作用阈值.方法应用Meta-分析方法的Stouffer法和Winnner法,对《中国生物医学文献数据库》及《中文生物医学期刊文献数据库》的相关文献进行分析.结果噪声接触确实可以使人的负性情绪增多,比较不同噪声水平的结果显示,80～85dB（A）时,噪声即可对工人的神经系统产生较大影响,＞90dB（A）组用Winnner法计算的检验值Uc和Stouffer法计算的检验值Zc均高于80～85dB（A）组.噪声接触使工人的数字跨度、数字译码、视觉记忆、目标追踪等得分减少,并且在＞90dB（A）组,这种降低程度更明显.结论在80～85dB（A）时,噪声即可对工人的神经系统产生较大影响,并提示可能存在剂量-效应关系.展开更多
由于过去十几年间对肺癌认识的巨大发展,尤其是在肿瘤内科学、分子生物学和放射学等领域的发展,迫切需要一个不仅病理学而是整合多学科研究成果的肺癌新分类。因此,刚刚出版的2015世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)肺、胸膜...由于过去十几年间对肺癌认识的巨大发展,尤其是在肿瘤内科学、分子生物学和放射学等领域的发展,迫切需要一个不仅病理学而是整合多学科研究成果的肺癌新分类。因此,刚刚出版的2015世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)肺、胸膜、胸腺和心脏肿瘤分类与2004 WHO分类相比有很多重要变化。新版分类在促进学科领域发展、影响学科研究、优化患者治疗和辅助评估预后方面都有显著提升。文章简要介绍重要变化如下:(1)2011国际肺癌研究协会/美国胸科学会/欧洲呼吸学会(International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society,IASLC/ATS/ERS)分类推荐的腺癌分类主要变化;(2)将鳞状细胞癌重新分类为角化型、非角化型和基底样亚型,非角化型需免疫组化证明有鳞状分化;(3)严格限定大细胞癌的诊断只能在切除标本中做出,并对其进行瘦身,原大细胞癌分类中仅保留缺乏任何明确形态和免疫组化分化的部分;(4)将神经内分泌肿瘤划分到同一分类下;以及(5)目前对肺癌组织学分级的观点。展开更多
文摘Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal to eradicate or at least significantly reduce the prevalence the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) by 2030. The main objective was to provide an evolving overview of the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV infection between 2003 and 2022 in Burkina Faso. Methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on data from 2003 to 2022. The data were collected using information available in the databases of the HOSCO and CERBA laboratories and included all individuals who underwent HIV and/or HBV and/or HCV testing. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, EpiInfo 7, and R version 4.1.0. Results were considered statistically significant if p Results: The study recorded 7432 samples and the mean age of the subjects was 27.98 ± 8.50 years. During this period, the respective prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV were 4.66% (346/7432), 8.77% (582/6636) and 5.54% (322/5816). However, from 2003 to 2022, there was a significant decrease (P y=−1.75x+12.59;y=−0.24x+10.01and y=−0.11x+6.02, with “y” corresponding to prevalence and “x” to the years. Conclusion: Burkina Faso needs to rigorously apply prevention and control strategies recommended by the WHO by 2030.
文摘Objectives: Sex work is not well documented among African men. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of men who have sex with men (MSM) and eventually to determine the proportion of sex workers (SW) among them, as well as the proportion of MSM who have been victims of gender-based violence (GBV). Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study coordinated by the Direction de la Médecine du Travail was carried out at the headquarters of the association ALTERNATIVES in Bangui Bangui from July 1 to October 31, 2021. Consenting MSM present during the study period were systematically included. Sociodemographic variables, those relating to the future vision of the activity and to GBV were collected and analyzed using Epi-Info version 7 software. Results: Forty MSM with an average age of 23 years and mainly secondary education (75.0%) were included. The vast majority of MSM were unemployed (85.0%). 45.0% had been victims of GBV and wanted to stop working as an MSM (47.5%), and almost 2/3 (65.0%) would accept another income-generating activity in exchange for the MSM. Violence was sexual (32.5%), economic (22.5%), physical (20.0%), verbal (12.5%) and psychological (12.5%). Conclusion: The MSM were mainly young, poorly educated, unemployed, and almost half were victims of GBV. The desire to change MSM activity to another income-generating activity alongside that of MSM shows that many of them are SW, workers in the informal sector. This must be taken into account in prevention activities, even if the data needs to be confirmed on a much larger sample.
文摘目的对应用核心行为测试组合（Neurobchavioral Core Test Battery,NCTB）方法进行噪声对神经影响流行病学调查的文献进行Meta-分析,用NCTB法确定噪声对神经系统的影响及可能的作用阈值.方法应用Meta-分析方法的Stouffer法和Winnner法,对《中国生物医学文献数据库》及《中文生物医学期刊文献数据库》的相关文献进行分析.结果噪声接触确实可以使人的负性情绪增多,比较不同噪声水平的结果显示,80～85dB（A）时,噪声即可对工人的神经系统产生较大影响,＞90dB（A）组用Winnner法计算的检验值Uc和Stouffer法计算的检验值Zc均高于80～85dB（A）组.噪声接触使工人的数字跨度、数字译码、视觉记忆、目标追踪等得分减少,并且在＞90dB（A）组,这种降低程度更明显.结论在80～85dB（A）时,噪声即可对工人的神经系统产生较大影响,并提示可能存在剂量-效应关系.
文摘由于过去十几年间对肺癌认识的巨大发展,尤其是在肿瘤内科学、分子生物学和放射学等领域的发展,迫切需要一个不仅病理学而是整合多学科研究成果的肺癌新分类。因此,刚刚出版的2015世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)肺、胸膜、胸腺和心脏肿瘤分类与2004 WHO分类相比有很多重要变化。新版分类在促进学科领域发展、影响学科研究、优化患者治疗和辅助评估预后方面都有显著提升。文章简要介绍重要变化如下:(1)2011国际肺癌研究协会/美国胸科学会/欧洲呼吸学会(International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer/American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society,IASLC/ATS/ERS)分类推荐的腺癌分类主要变化;(2)将鳞状细胞癌重新分类为角化型、非角化型和基底样亚型,非角化型需免疫组化证明有鳞状分化;(3)严格限定大细胞癌的诊断只能在切除标本中做出,并对其进行瘦身,原大细胞癌分类中仅保留缺乏任何明确形态和免疫组化分化的部分;(4)将神经内分泌肿瘤划分到同一分类下;以及(5)目前对肺癌组织学分级的观点。
