Albiflorin Granule significantly decreased the cholesterol gallstone formation by the regulation of insulin transduction signal

Objective:To study the mechanism of insulin resistance in the cholesterol gallstone formation from insulin signal transduction pathway so as to reveal the possible mechanism and the effective role of Albiflorin Granule on preventing the cholesterol gallstones.Methods:Serum triglycerides(TG),free fatty acid(FFA),and total cholesterol(TC) from different groups were measured and liver cells Ins R,PKB,IKK-β protein expression levels were detected by western blotting.Results:Albiflorin significantly decreased the cholesterol gallstone formation rate,increased glucose infusion rate in gallstone guinea pigs and improved insulin resistance.Compared with the normal group,insulin receptor and PKB protein expression in GS group were significantly reduced.IKK-β protein in the GS group increased significantly and Albiflorin could reduce IKK-β protein expression in guinea pig liver cells.Conclusions:The model of insulin resistance in cholesterol gallstone guinea pig was successfully established,which plays an important role in the cholesterol gallstone formation.All aspects of insulin signaling pathway are involved in gallstone formation.Albiflorin can regulate various aspects of insulin signal transduction pathway to prevent the formation of gallbladder.

Adsorption equilibria of paeoniflorin and albiflorin on cyano-silica column from supercritical carbon dioxide/ethanol

Adsorption equilibria of paeoniflorin and albiflorin on a cyano-silica column(CN column) from the solution of supercritical carbon dioxide(scCO2) modified with ethanol were studied. The adsorption capacity at 308.15 K,313.15 K, 318.15 K and 323.15 K under pressures corresponding to carbon dioxide/ethanol densities from0.347 g·cm^-3 to 0.662 g·cm^-3 were determined using the elution by characteristic point method(ECP). The effects of temperature and pressure on the solute loading were investigated. The results showed that the lower the temperature, the higher the adsorption capacity. With the decrease of density of scCO2, the adsorption capacity strengthens. The maximum adsorption capacity of paeoniflorin(albiflorin) on the CN column was15.24 mg·ml^-1(31.14 mg·ml^-1) in the range of 0–1.84 mg·ml^-1(0–1.67 mg·ml^-1) of paeoniflorin(albiflorin)standard solution. The adsorption capacity of albiflorin was twice as much as that of paeoniflorin under the same conditions. Adsorption data of paeoniflorin and albiflorin could be well described by the Langmuir model and Freundlich model. Compared with the two model fitting results, the adsorption of paeoniflorin and albiflorin belonged to the monolayer adsorption under conditions of 308.15–323.15 K and 10–17 MPa.

A comparison of pharmacokinetic interaction of paeoniflorin, albiflorin and total peony glucosides

Aim Paeoniflorin （PF） and albiflorin （AF） are the main components of total peony glucosides （TPG）, which has been widely used as the valuable monoterpene glycosides in Paeouia lactiflora Pall and have many biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertension and antioxidation effects. In this study, the pharmacokinetic interaction and possible interaction mechanism among Pie and A1e and TGP were conducted and in- vestigated. A sensitive and specific ultra high-performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry method （UPLC-MS） was successfully developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of Pie and AF in rat plasma after intragastric administration and the comparative study of pharmacokinetics for PF and A1e in different combinations. The combinations of Pie （ 80 mg· kg^- 1 ）, Ale （ 14 mg ·kg^- 1 ）, co-administration of Pie （ 80 mg · kg^-1） and Ale （14 mg· kg^-1）, TPG （Pie 80 rag. kg^-1） and TPG （Alel4 mg.·1kg^-1） were orally administrated to rats respectively. Chromatographic separation was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse plus Cls column using 0.2% formic acid-methanol （79：21, V/V） as mobile phase. The calibration curves were linear in ranges of 0.5 - 1000 μg · L^-1. The results indicated that the main pharmacokinetic parameters including AUC, MRT and tl/2 between the single ingredient （ Pie and Ale） and TPG had significant difference （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. The different phar- macokinetics data implied that the multiple active components of TPG resulting some potential drug-drug interac- tions, which may promote the absorption and decease the elimination of Pie and Ale. Our results could be helpful for further investigation of the interaction mechanism of Pie and Ale.

Production of paeoniflorin and albiflorin by callus tissue culture of Paeonia lactiflora Pall

In order to facilitate the preparation of paeoniflorin(PF)and albiflorin(AF),two chief bioactive constituents in Paeonia lactiflora Pall(PL),induction and culture of callus from PL were studied.With a modified woody plant medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·L-16-benzylaminopurine,1.0 mg·L-1naphthylacetic acid,0.1 mg·L-1thidiazuron and 30 g·L-1sucrose,callus was induced from four kinds of explants:leaf,stems,petiole,and root.The potency to form callus varies between different explants and leaf explants exhibits the highest capacity(100%).On the other hand,root-derived callus(R-callus)produces the highest level of total amount of PF and AF,31.8 mg·g-1dry mass,which is higher than the corresponding level in the root of field cultivated PL.Furthermore,the time needed is only 40 days,remarkably shorter than the cultivation time of PL,about 4–5 years.Higher accumulation levels of PF and AF with shorter production time indicate that callus culture of PL is a promising powerful tool for production of PF and AF in the future.

Pharmacological effects of Paeoniflorin and Albiflorin on IL-3, GM-CSF, IL-6 and TNF-α in the rats of syndrome of stagnation of liver qi and blood deficiency

Objective： To observe the effect of paeoniflorin （PF）, albiflorin （AF） on the hemogram, visceral index and hematopoiesis cytokine in the rats of syndrome of stagnation of liver qi and blood deficiency, and to discuss the material base and mechanism of effect of nourishing blood and smoothing the liver of Baishao （Radix Paeoniae Alba）. Methods： Male SD rats were randomly divided into groups according to the sucrose preference test and body weight （n = 12）. Except the normal control, the other groups were treated with the chronic stress stimulation combined with radiation respectively to establish the model of syndrome of stagnation of liver qi and blood deficiency. The body weight, visceral index and the quantity of Leucocyte, Red Blood Cells, Hemoglobin in peripheral hemogram were monitored, then plasma and serum were separated. Radioimmunoassay was used to analyze the levels of Lnterleukin-3, Granulocyte-macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor, Lnterleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in plasma. Results： Compared with that of model group, 30 mg·kg^-1 PF and 30 mg·kg^-1 AF of the weight, spleen index, quantity of Leucocyte were increased significantly （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01）. The results of Radioimmunoassay showed that the levels of Interleukin-3 increased （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.05） and the levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α decreased in both 30 mg·kg^-1 PF and 30 mg·kg^-1 AF groups （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The effect of PF and AF on the regulation of bone marrow hematopoietic system and immune system play a role in the blood of rats with syndrome of stagnation of liver qi and blood deficiency, which suggests that both of them are the main active ingredients of nourishing blood and smoothing the liver of Baishao.

Enhancement of exposure and reduction of elimination for paeoniflorin or albiflorin via co-administration with total peony glucosides and hypoxic pharmacokinetics comparison

OBJECTIVE Paeoniflorin(PF) and albiflorin(AF) are the major active components of total peony glucosides(TPG) from Paeonia lactiflora Pal,which have many biological activities such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidation and anti-hypertension effects.The drug-drug pharmacokinetic interaction among PF,AF and TPG,the pharmacokinetic comparisons of AF between hypoxia and normoxia,the transport of AF cross the blood-brain barrier cell model and the transport of AF/PF/TPG cross Caco-2 cell model were investigated.METHODS A highly sensitive and rapid UPLC-MS method with multiplereaction monitoring(MRM) scanning via electrospray ionization(ESI) source operating both in the positive and negative ionization mode was successfully developed and validated for simultaneous quantitation of PF and AF in rat plasma after an oral administration of PF,AF and TPG.RESULTS The validated and developed UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully applied to simultaneously determine the AF and PF concentration in rat plasma and investigate pharmacokinetic interactions after a single intragastrical ad.ministration of PF,AF,co-administration of PF with AF and TPG,respectively.The elimination of both PF co-administered with AF and PF in TPG were slower than those for PF alone and the distribution in the tissues was wider.The combination of PF with AF or TPG could significantly increase the values of the AUC,MRT and t1/2 of the drug PF,and reduce the values of CL of PF.From a comparison of the main pharmacokinetic parameters among AF alone,AF combined with PF and AF in TPG,the values of the MRT and t1/2 of AF in TPG were greater than that of AF alone,and there were statistically signifi.cant differences in these parameters(P<0.05,P<0.01).It was also noticed that AUC and Cmax of PF in hypoxia rats were significantly decreased compared with that of normaxia rats,suggesting that there was a decreased exposure of PF in rats under hypoxia.The multiple active components in TPG may lead to DDIs between some P-gp substrates.CONCLUSION The clinical performance of total peony glucosides would be better than that of single constitute.The outcomes of the study are expected to serve as a basis for development of clinical guidelines on total peony glucosides usage.

Albiflorin attenuates inflammatory injury by regulating the TLR4 signaling pathway and its negative regulating factor Tollip in experimental models of ulcerative colitis

Albiflorin （AF） is the main active component extracted from Paeoniae Radix Alba. This study investigated the efficacy of AF in attenuating inflammatory injury by regulating the TLR4 signaling pathway and its negative regulating factor Tollip in an experimental ulcerative colitis （UC） model. We administrated trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid for 21 d to induce UC in rats. The efficacy of AF in attenuating UC was assessed using various biochemical markers, such as tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin- 1 （IL- 1）, interleukin- 10 （IL- 10）, 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）, and tissue myeloperoxidase （MPO）, along with histopathological studies on toll-like receptor-4 （TLR-4） signaling pathway and its negative regulating factor Tollip. The results showed that AF can significantly downregulate the levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-10, and 5-HT. AF decreased the activation of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 protein expression by increasing Tollip expression. AF can relieve symptoms of UC by suppressing the activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway and upregulating its negative regulating factor Tollip. Therefore, AF may be a potential natural product for treating UC.

Pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies of paeoniflorin and albiflorin in rats after oral administration of total glycosides of paeony by HPLC-MS/MS

A simple, sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS）method combined with solid phase extraction has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of paeoniflorinand albiflorin in rats plasma and tissue homogenate after administration of total glycosides of paeony （TGP）. Chromatographicseparation was achieved on a C15 column （150 mmx4.6 mm, 5 pro） with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.05% formicacid aqueous （20： 80, v/v） at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The analytes were detected with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer usingturbo ion spray with negative ionization in the multiple reaction-monitoring （MRM） modes. The results of method validationconformed to the requirements for the determination of biological samples. This method was successfully applied to thepharmacokinetics and tissue distribution study of TGP in rats. The results showed that paeonifiorin and albiflorin wereabsorbed and reached peak value quickly, and had the similar pharmacokinetic characteristics. Both of them underwent a rapid andwide distribution in the tissues throughout the whole body, among which stomach was the main distribution tissue. Moreover, theyhad the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Protective effects of paeoniflorin and albiflorin on chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in mice

Paeonia lactiflora root(baishao in Chinese) is a commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicines(TCM). Two isomers, paeoniflorin(PF) and albiflorin(AF), are isolated from P. lactiflora. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of PF and AF on myelosuppression induced by chemotherapy in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. The mouse myelosuppression model was established by intraperitoneal(i.p.) injection of cyclophosphamide(CP, 200 mg×kg^(–1)). The blood cell counts were performed. The thymus index and spleen index were also determined and bone morrow histological examination was performed. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in serum and colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF) in plasma were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays(ELISA) and the serum levels of interleukin-3(IL-3), granulocyte-macrophagecolony- stimulatingfactor(GM-CSF), and interleukin-6(IL-6) were measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The levels of m RNA expression protein of IL-3, GM-CSF and G-CSF in spleen and bone marrow cells were determined respectively. PF and AF significantly increased the white blood cell(WBC) counts and reversed the atrophy of thymus. They also increased the serum levels of GM-CSF and IL-3 and the plasma level of G-CSF and reduced the level of TNF-α in serum.. PF enhanced the m RNA level of IL-3 and AF enhanced the m RNA levels of GM-CSF and G-CSF in the spleen. PF and AF both increased the protein levels of GM-CSF and G-CSF in bone marrow cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that PF and AF promoted the recovery of bone marrow hemopoietic function in the mouse myelosuppression model.

Antidepressant-like effects of albiflorin involved the NO signaling pathway in rats model of chronic restraint stress

The depressant-like effects of albiflorin(AF) were studied on stressed chronic restraint stress(CRS) rats. Experimental rats were subjected to immobilization stress for a daily 6 h-restraining in a plastic restrainer for continuous 21 d and were treated with 30 or 15 mg·kg-1 of AF for 21 d. Control rats were maintained in completely non stressed conditions. Behavioral tests and biochemical analysis were applied to investigating a regulatory mechanism of anti-stress of AF. Treatment with AF significantly restored the depressant-like behaviors. Besides, AF increased the levels of 5-hydroxytryptophan(5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA),noradrenaline(NE) and dopamine(DA) in the hippocampus and increased the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in serum and protein expression in hippocampus. In addition, AF decreased the levels of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) cascade,reduced the level of NO and c GMP in serum and inhibited the overexpression of 5-HT2AR m RNA and protein expression. Taken together, AF can modulate the NO-mediated network pathway in the hippocampus against stress-induced depressive-like behaviors.These physiological and behavioral changes allow rats to avoid potential deleterious effects of stress that may result from chronically elevated levels of glucocorticosteroids over days.

高效液相色谱法同时测定炒白芍中3种苷类成分

建立HPLC对炒白芍中3中苷类成分同时测定的分析方法。采用HPLC法;C18色谱柱;流动相:A为乙腈,B为0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱程序为:0 min(8%A),5 min(12%A),20 min(20%A),30 min(20%A),35 min(35%A),50 min(35%A);检测波长:230 nm;柱温:25℃。3种苷类成分的质量浓度与峰面积均呈良好的线性关系。平均回收率芍药苷为98.7%,RSD为2.1%;芍药内酯苷为98.7%,RSD为2.7%;苯甲酰芍药苷为99.1%,RSD为2.4%(n=6)。该方法分离度好,简便易行,具有良好的重现性,可用于白芍药材中3种苷类成分的同时测定。

UFLC法测定黄芪桂枝五物汤与芍药水提物中芍药苷和芍药内酯苷的含量

目的建立一种测定黄芪桂枝五物汤和芍药水提物中芍药苷和芍药内酯苷含量的超快速液相色谱法。方法采用ShimPack XR-ODS色谱柱,以0.1%磷酸水(A)和乙腈(B)作为流动相,梯度洗脱(0~5 min,10%-20%B;5~10 min,20%-25%B),平衡时间为5 min,流动相的流速为0.4 mL/min,色谱柱的温度设定为35℃,紫外检测器的波长设定为230 nm,进样量设定为5μL。结果芍药苷和芍药内酯苷的线性范围均为0.5~20 mg/L,所建立的分析方法具有较好的线性关系、精密度、稳定性和回收率。黄芪桂枝五物汤和芍药水提物中芍药苷的含量分别为2.75~3.84 g/L和4.70~4.99 g/L,芍药内酯苷的含量分别为0.632~0.928g/L和0.729~0.870 g/L。结论芍药苷在黄芪桂枝五物汤中比在芍药水提物中的含量少,表明其它药材成分对芍药苷的提取具有抑制作用。芍药内酯苷在黄芪桂枝五物汤中和在芍药水提物中含量无明显差异。本方法分析时间短、稳定性好,可用于黄芪桂枝五物汤的质量控制和配伍规律研究。

白芍化学成分体内吸收、分布、代谢、排泄研究进展

白芍(Paeoniae Radix Alb,PRA)为毛茛科药用植物芍药的干燥根,在中医临床上应用广泛。以芍药苷(Paeoniflorin,pea)和芍药内酯苷为代表的单萜及其苷类成分是白芍中公认的药效物质。对白芍总苷及pea、芍药内酯苷等主要成分在体内吸收(Absorption)、分布(Distribution)、代谢(Metabolism)、排泄(Excretion)(即药物体内的ADME过程)的相关研究进行系统地梳理、归纳发现,白芍中主要成分为被动吸收,芍药内酯苷主要经上消化道吸收且存在吸收饱和现象,pea和白芍总苷的主要吸收肠段为空肠及十二指肠,芍药内酯苷主要分布在胃部,皮肤为pea的主要分布部位,小肠、胃、大肠为白芍总苷的主要分布部位,白芍主要通过脱羟基,脱羧,脱氢,硫酸化,葡萄糖醛酸化和甲基化进行代谢且代谢特性存在差异,并主要以胆汁和尿液的形式排出。目前对白芍ADME相关研究结果存在一定的差异,无法系统全面反映白芍中化学成分与机体的相互作用。该文可为进一步阐释白芍在体内发挥药效的机制、药效评价和新药开发以及临床应用提供参考。

芍药内酯苷对人卵巢癌多药耐药的逆转作用

目的研究芍药内酯苷(albiflorin,AL)逆转人卵巢癌多药耐药的作用和潜在机制。方法采用CCK-8试剂盒检测AL对SKOV3/DDP细胞的耐药逆转作用,采用流式细胞术检测AL对P糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)功能的影响,采用RT-qPCR和Western blot检测AL对SKOV3/DDP细胞中MYC、WWP1和ABCB1/P-gp的影响。采用RNA干扰技术构建MYC敲低的SKOV3/DDP细胞株,观察其耐药性、P-gp功能及相关基因和蛋白表达变化。结果AL对SKOV3/DDP细胞有耐药逆转作用,对P-gp功能抑制作用具有浓度依赖性。AL 25、50、100μmol·L^(-1)对ABCB1/P-gp、MYC和WWP1的抑制作用均逐渐增强。MYC抑制剂MYCi975对ABCB1/P-gp、MYC和WWP1的抑制作用均强于或相当于AL 100μmol·L^(-1)组。SKOV3/DDP细胞敲低MYC后,细胞耐药性、P-gp功能以及相关基因和蛋白表达均受到抑制。结论AL对SKOV3/DDP细胞的耐药逆转作用可能与抑制P-gp功能和ABCB1/P-gp、MYC、WWP1表达有关,为AL作为耐药逆转剂用于卵巢癌的临床治疗提供了实验基础。

7种不同灭菌方法对白芍药材中有效成分的影响

目的探讨不同灭菌方法对白芍药材主要成分含量的影响。方法采用Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,流动相为A为乙腈,B为0.05%磷酸水溶液系统,梯度洗脱,检测波长230 nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0 ml/min。比较干热、湿热蒸汽、流通蒸汽、紫外、臭氧、微波和60Co-γ射线辐照等7种灭菌方法对白芍药材含量及微生物限度的影响。结果白芍药材中没食子酸、儿茶素、芍药苷、芍药内酯苷、苯甲酰芍药苷、1,2,3,4,6-O-五没食子酰葡萄糖分别在1.020~24.480,1.120~26.880,31.000~744.000,1.160~27.840,4.280~102.720,2.520~60.480μg/ml范围内呈良好线性,平均加样回收率分别为97.4%,97.7%,99.9%,98.1%,98.8%和97.7%;60Co-γ射线辐照及微波灭菌后白芍药材中有效成分含量无显著性差异。结论综合灭菌效果和对目标成分的影响,白芍药材灭菌方法可选用60Co-γ辐照灭菌或微波灭菌。

HPLC法测定妇康宝口服液中芍药内酯苷和芍药苷的含量

目的建立妇康宝口服液中芍药内酯苷和芍药苷的高效液相色谱含量测定方法。方法采用ACE Excel 5 C18-AR色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(13∶87)为流动相,测定波长为233 nm,流速为1.0mL/min,柱温为30℃。结果芍药内酯苷和芍药苷进样量分别在0.0252~0.5049μg(r=1.0000)和0.0480~0.9602μg(r=1.0000)范围内与峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,平均回收率(n=6)分别为103.66%和99.31%,RSD分别为0.72%和1.21%。结论该方法简单,重现性好,可以应用于妇康宝口服液中芍药内酯苷和芍药苷的含量测定。

HPLC法测定白芍总苷胶囊中芍药内酯苷、芍药苷和苯甲酰芍药苷

目的建立HPLC对白芍总苷胶囊中芍药内酯苷、芍药苷和苯甲酰芍药苷同时定量的分析方法。方法采用HPLC法。色谱柱Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相A为乙腈,B为0.015%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱程序为0min(8%A),5min(12%A),20min(20%A),25min(20%A);35min(45%A),40min(45%A);检测波长230nm;柱温30℃。结果芍药内酯苷、芍药苷和苯甲酰芍药苷质量浓度与峰面积均呈良好的线性关系。平均回收率芍药内酯苷为96.99%,RSD为0.56%;芍药苷为103.6%,RSD为0.77%;苯甲酰芍药苷为104.2%,RSD为1.35%(n=5)。结论该方法分离度好,简便易行,具有良好的重现性,可用于白芍总苷胶囊中芍药内酯苷、芍药苷和苯甲酰芍药苷的同时测定。

白芍中的一种新的单萜苷

目的 研究中药白芍的化学成分。方法 用现代色谱分离方法进行化学成分分离 ,并通过理化性质和各种色谱学分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从中药白芍中分离得到一种苷元与葡萄糖 2位相连成苷的单萜苷类化合物白芍苷R1 。结论 白芍苷R1

白芍总苷在免疫性肝损伤大鼠体内的药代动力学研究

目的比较白芍总苷(TGP)在免疫性肝损伤大鼠和正常大鼠体内药动学参数的异同,为临床制定给药方案提供参考。方法采用猪血清腹腔注射法建立大鼠免疫性肝损伤模型,以HPLC法测定模型大鼠和正常大鼠灌胃给予3个剂量白芍总苷后15、30、60、90、120、150、180、240、360、480、720min血浆中芍药苷和芍药内酯苷浓度,根据药时曲线计算药动学参数,采用SPSS 11.5软件分析各组各剂量间药动学参数异同。结果与正常组相比,模型组大鼠体内白芍总苷的Cmax、AUC0-t和AUC0-∞明显增大,Tmax明显提前,T12明显延长;各剂量间白芍总苷Tmax和T21没有差异,剂量与Cmax、AUC0-t和AUC0-∞有一定的相关性。结论肝损伤大鼠对TGP的吸收速度较正常大鼠快,吸收量较大,消除较慢,提示临床要针对不同的机体状态,设计合理安全的剂量,以免给药量过大引起蓄积和毒性反应。

不同种质和不同部位白芍原植物中芍药苷和芍药内酯苷的含量测定

目的比较不同种质、不同部位白芍原植物在同一分析方法下芍药苷、芍药内酯苷的含量差异及分布情况。方法采用高效液相色谱法,色谱条件:Lichro CART RP-C18(4 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(14∶86);流速:1.0 mL.min-1;检测波长:230 nm;柱温:30℃;进样量:10μL。结果不同种质白芍原植物中芍药苷、芍药内酯苷含量存在较大差异,白芍原植物地下各部分芍药苷的含量呈现根茎(芍头)>须根>主根,芍药内酯苷的含量呈现须根>根茎(芍头)>主根。结论芍药苷、芍药内酯苷含量差异主要影响因素为种质,道地产区的种质芍药苷、芍药内酯苷含量变异幅度小。