Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Trans-4-[(5-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyleneamino]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one

The title compound trans-4-[（5-（2,4-dichlorophenoxy）-3-methyl- 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl）methyleneamino]- 1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one 3 （C28H23Cl2N5O2, Mr = 532.41） has been synthesized and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1- with a = 8.9438（4）, b = 11.6065（5）, c = 14.2215（6）A, α = 112.566（1）, β = 92.324（2）, γ = 102.91（1）°, V= 1315.65（10） A^3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.344 g/cm^3,μ（MoKa） = 0.282 mm^-1, λ = 0.71073 A, F（000） = 552, the final R = 0.0587 and wR = 0.1578 for 5071 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. X-ray analysis reveals that the product is a thermodynamically stable trans isomer. Intra- and intermolecular C（ 12）-H（12）…O（1） and C（28）-H（28）...O（1）# 1 hydrogen bonds were observed in the title compound.

基于JNK/AP-1信号通路探讨广西毛冬青在放射性脑损伤中的作用机制

目的:探讨广西毛冬青(IPH)对放射性脑损伤的改善作用及其机制。方法:将40只SPF级昆明小鼠随机分为对照组、IPH、放射组和放射+IPH组,每组10只。采用γ射线建立放射性脑损伤模型,放射前、后连续灌胃给药14 d。采用Morris水迷宫实验、避暗实验检测小鼠认知功能,苏木精—伊红(HE)染色和尼氏染色观察脑组织病理形态变化,电镜观察胶质细胞超微结构,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测血清白介素-6(IL-6)水平,免疫组织化学染色法检测脑组织c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)、磷酸化(p-)JNK、激活蛋白-1(AP-1)和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)蛋白表达,免疫荧光检测脑组织星型胶质细胞标记物GFAP和小胶质细胞标记物Iba-1蛋白表达,western blotting法检测脑组织JNK和p-JNK蛋白表达。结果:与对照组相比,放射组小鼠放射后7 d体重减低,血清IL-6含量升高,脑组织AP-1、MCP-1表达水平及p-JNK/JNK比值升高,小胶质细胞Iba-1和GFAP表达水平升高(均P<0.05)。与放射组比较,放射+IPH组小鼠放射后7 d体重增加,血清IL-6含量降低,脑组织AP-1、MCP-1表达水平及p-JNK/JNK比值降低,小胶质细胞Iba-1和GFAP表达水平降低(均P<0.05)。HE染色和尼氏染色显示,放射组大量细胞和神经元出现核固缩现象,小胶质细胞激活,呈圆形;电镜下可见细胞内溶酶体增多,星形胶质细胞细胞核及胞质肿胀;经IPH干预后,小鼠脑组织神经元变性情况和胶质细胞形态明显改善。结论:广西IPH能改善放射性脑损伤小鼠的认知功能,减少小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞激活,其机制可能与减轻神经炎症反应、抑制JNK/AP-1信号通路有关。

BCAT1抑制剂BAY-069的合成工艺优化

BAY-069是目前体外活性最强的支链氨基酸转氨酶1(BCAT1)抑制剂,但其报道的合成路线存在原料成本较高、总收率极低和中间体结构表征不充分等缺点。本研究基于已有合成路线,重点对其合成工艺中的Ullmann偶联反应进行了系统优化。以1-硝基萘(1)为起始原料,经过7步反应和手性色谱柱手性拆分合成目标化合物BAY-069。所有中间体和目标化合物均经1 H NMR,13 C NMR和HR-MS表征。以Ullmann偶联反应为主要优化步骤的路线,其优化后的总收率为11.0%(3b→(±)-BAY-069),是原总收率1.6%(3a→(±)-BAY-069)的6.9倍。

(E)-4-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯亚甲基氨基)-2,3-二甲基-1-苯基-1,2-二氢吡唑-5-酮的合成与表征

采用3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯乙醛与4-氨基安替比林以甲醇作为溶剂通过缩合反应合成了(E)-4-(3,5-二溴-4-羟基苯亚甲基氨基)-2,3-二甲基-1-苯基-1,2-二氢吡唑-5-酮。对所生成化合物采用乙醇进行结晶,5 d后获得浅黄色的晶体,其结构经X-射线单晶衍射表征,属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,晶胞参数a=12.0197(11),b=10.8239(10),c=13.3921(12),β=94.870(2)°,V=1736.0(3)3,Z=4,D x=1.780 mg·m-3,θ=2.4~25.5°,μ=4.69 mm-1,T=295(2)K,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪得到产物的红外光谱图。

综合型有机化学实验:6-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢-1-萘酮的双甲基化

针对目前有机化学基础实验陈旧、缺乏系统性等问题,强化实验教学“两性一度”的探索,设计了6-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢-1-萘酮的双甲基化创新综合有机化学实验。在碱性条件下,以碘甲烷作为甲基化试剂进行取代反应生成二甲基取代产物,并利用核磁共振氢谱(^(1)H NMR)、核磁共振碳谱(^(13)C NMR)、高效液相色谱对产物进行结构表征。包含文献检索、实验设计、实验操作、样品表征和数据分析等学习内容,可以使得学生在理论知识和实践操作两个方面能力有所提升,进而提高学生的综合素质。

(R)-3-氨基-3,4-二氢-1-甲氧基喹啉-2(1H)-酮的合成

首先,以D-苯丙氨酸和二碳酸二叔丁酯为起始原料,经过Boc氨基保护合成N-叔丁氧羰基苯丙氨酸;然后N-叔丁氧羰基苯丙氨酸在甲氧氨盐酸盐的作用下生成缩合物2-(N-叔丁氧羰基)-N-甲氧基-3-苯丙酰胺;然后缩合物在催化剂二(三氟乙酸)碘苯的作用下成环生成3-(N-叔丁氧羰基)-3,4-二氢-1-甲氧基喹啉-2(1H)-酮;最后后者经过脱保护合成目标产物。该方法具有操作简单、成本低等优点,四步总收率15.1%,产物经过1H-NMR和MS确认。

4-氨基-1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类化合物抑制HIV整合酶链转移活性的主要微观结构因素探究

以25个4-氨基-1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类化合物为研究对象,利用遗传函数逼近法(GFA)构建了10个二维定量构效关系(2D-QSAR)模型,从中选取最优模型并检验其预测可靠性,并分析4-氨基-1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类化合物抑制HIV整合酶链转移活性的主要微观结构因素。结果表明,最优2D-QSAR模型的R^(2)=0.7776、Q^(2)=0.6421、r^(2)=0.87、(r^(2)-r′02)/r^(2)=0.01、k′=0.97、r^(2)_(m)=0.58,具有较高的稳定性和外部预测能力;热力学描述符AlogP、电拓扑状态描述符ES_Sum_sssN、ES_Sum_ssCH 2和空间描述符Shadow_nu是影响4-氨基-1-羟基-2-氧-1,8-萘啶-3-甲酰胺类化合物抑制HIV整合酶链转移活性的主要微观结构因素,其中Shadow_nu是最重要的微观结构因素。

气相色谱法测定7-氨基-3-(丙烯-1-基)-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸中溶剂残留量

建立气相色谱法同时测定7-氨基-3-(丙烯-1-基)-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸中丙酮、四氢呋喃、甲醇和二氯甲烷溶剂残留量的方法。7-氨基-3-(丙烯-1-基)-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸样品使用0.1%氢氧化钠溶液进行超声溶解,使用HP-FFAP毛细管柱进行化合物的分离,氢离子火焰检测器进行测定,外标法定量。丙酮、甲醇、二氯甲烷和四氢呋喃均能获得基线分离,甲醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃和二氯甲烷的质量浓度分别在5.1~657.6 mg/L,2.1~677.1 mg/L,2.3~681.9 mg/L和2.4~728.0 mg/L范围内与其色谱峰面积具有良好线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9994~0.9999,甲醇、丙酮、四氢呋喃和二氯甲烷定量限分别为107.1、52.9、57.5、60.0 mg/kg。丙酮、甲醇、二氯甲烷和四氢呋喃测定结果的相对标准偏差均不大于2.56%(n=6),平均加标回收率为92.53%~109.96%。该方法适用于7-氨基-3-(丙烯-1-基)-3-头孢烯-4-羧酸中溶剂残留量的定性、定量分析。

4-氯-1-硝氨基-2,3,5,6-四硝基苯的合成及热性能分析

为了探索多硝基含能化合物的合成及其热分解性能,以4-氯-3,5-二硝基苯胺为原料,在乙酸酐溶液中加入4-氯-3,5-二硝基苯胺,乙酰化反应生成4-氯-3,5-二硝基乙酰苯胺(化合物Ⅰ),收率为91.7%;化合物Ⅰ在室温下硝化2h,制得4-氯-1-硝氨基-2,3,5,6-四硝基苯(化合物Ⅱ),收率为69.1%;采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振光谱(NMR)和元素分析(EA)对两种物质的结构进行了表征;培养了两种化合物的单晶,通过X-射线单晶衍射(SC-XRD)测定化合物的晶体结构;采用氮当量公式(NE)和修正氮当量公式(MNE)计算了化合物Ⅱ的爆轰性能,采用DSC和TG测试了化合物Ⅱ的热分解过程,并根据Kissinger法和FWO法计算了化合物Ⅱ的表观活化能(E)和指前因子(A),计算了放热分解过程的初始分解温度(Tp0)、自由活化能(ΔG≠)、活化焓(ΔH≠)、活化熵(ΔS≠),并估算了热爆炸临界温度(Tbp0)。结果表明,化合物Ⅰ的相对分子质量为259.61,空间群为C2,化合物Ⅱ的相对分子质量为352.5,空间群为C2/c,两种化合物的晶体结构均属单斜晶系;DSC显示,化合物Ⅱ在438.20K时达到最大放热峰,具有较好的热稳定性,爆轰参数表明该物质能量较高,有望成为极具前途的高能量高密度含能化合物。

Regeneration of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol used for carbon dioxide absorption

To improve the efficiency of the carbon dioxide cycling process and to reduce the regeneration energy consumption, a sterically hindered amine of 2-amino-2-methyl-1- propranol （AMP） was investigated to determine its regeneration behavior as a CO2 absorbent. The CO2 absorption and amine regeneration characteristics were experimentally examined under various operating conditions. The regeneration efficiency increased from 86.2% to 98.3% during the temperature range of 358 to 403 K. The most suitable regeneration temperature for AMP was 383 K, in this experiment condition, and the regeneration efficiency of absorption/regeneration runs descended from 98.3% to 94.0%. A number of heat-stable salts （HSS） could cause a reduction in CO2 absorption capacity and regeneration efficiency. The results indicated that aqueous AMP was easier to regenerate with less loss of absorption capacity than other amines, such as, monoethanolamine （MEA）, diethanolamine （DEA）, diethylenetriamine （DETA）, and N-methyldiethanolamine （MDEA）.

Synthesis and Structural Characterization of a Tetranuclear Copper Complex with 2-Amino-1,3-thiazole

The title tetranuclear complex,（μ4-oxo）-hexakis（μ2-chloro）-tetrakis（2-amino-1,3-thiazole-N）-tetra-copper（ii） [Cu4（μ4-O）（μ-Cl）6L4]（1,L=2-amino-1,3-thiazole） was synthesized by the reaction of CuCl2·2H2O with 2-amino-1,3-thiazole in methanol and characterized by IR spectra and X-ray diffraction.Complex 1 crystallizes in triclinic,space group P1 with a=9.7137（2）,b=10.7005（2）,c=14.6505（2）,α=83.9550（10）,β=82.0930（10）,γ=67.1640（10）°,V=1387.84（4）3,Mr=883.43,Z=2,μ=3.927 mm-1,Dc=2.1144 g/cm3,F（000）=868,R=0.0332 and wR=0.0814.The complex contains a tetrahedron of four CuII atoms coordinating to a central μ4-O atom,with the six edges of the tetrahedron bridged by six Cl atoms.The Cu-O bond distances range from 1.910（2） to 1.918（2）,Cu-Cl from 2.3501（11） to 2.5924（10）,and Cu-Cu from 3.1003（6） to 3.1663（6）.The coordination geometries of the four coppers distort from trigonal bipramid to tetragonal pyramid with different distortion factors.The free animo groups of the ligands result in a lot of N-H···Cl and N-H···N intra-and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

Key Intermediates: A Simple and Highly Selective Synthesis of 5-<i>Amino</i>-1-<i>aryl</i>-1<i>H</i>-<i>pyrazole</i>-4-<i>carbonitriles</i>for Applications in the Crop Protection

A series of six pyrazoles was synthesized by Michael-type addition reaction. The molecules 5-amino-1-aryl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile (3a-f) were synthesized from (ethoxymethylene)malo-nonitrile (1) and fluorinated and non-fluorinated aryl hydrazines (2a-f) using ethanol and fluorinated ethanol as solvents at reflux. An excellent regio-selectivity was found when pyrazole derivatives were formed as an exclusive product. No other regioisomer or uncyclised hydrazide was observed. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopy data (1H, 13C, 19F, COSY (correlation spectroscopy), HSQC (heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy) and HMBC (heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation spectroscopy);MS (mass-spectrometry). The yields ranged from good to excellent (47% - 93%) under mild reaction conditions. It would indicate a high selectivity in the one-step work procedure. These products (3a-f) and derivatives have a potential academic and industrial use as key intermediates, in special, for application in crop protection.

支链氨基酸转氨酶1在食管鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨食管鳞癌(ESCC)患者癌组织中支链氨基酸转氨酶1(BCAT1)的表达及临床意义。方法采用qRT-PCR和Western blot技术检测食管鳞癌细胞系中BCAT1基因的表达水平,筛选出合适的食管癌细胞,作为后续研究。敲低和过表达BCAT1,采用Western blot检测ESCC细胞中BCAT1的蛋白表达水平。CCK-8活力测定、克隆形成实验、划痕实验、Transwell检测ESCC细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等细胞表型的变化。结果qRT-PCR和Western blot结果显示,与正常细胞相比,BCAT1在ESCC中的相对表达量降低,尤其是KYSE150和Eca109细胞更为明显,因此选择这两株细胞进行研究。CCK-8细胞增殖实验结果显示,细胞在转染BCAT1 siRNA 48 h后,其增殖率明显高于对照组;而过表达BCAT1之后,效果则相反。克隆形成实验结果表明,BCAT1的敲低显著促进ESCC细胞的克隆形成,而BCAT1的过表达显著抑制ESCC细胞的克隆形成。细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验结果表明,与Control siRNA组相比,BCAT1 siRNA组ESCC细胞的迁移和侵袭明显升高;而过表达组中ESCC细胞的迁移和侵袭明显受到抑制。结论BCAT1在ESCC中低表达,BCAT1低表达显著促进ESCC细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭。

2-氨基-1-甲基-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯的合成

以肌氨酸乙酯盐酸盐为起始原料,经氨酯交换反应、Claisen-Schmidt反应、合环反应共3步反应,得到目标产物2-氨基-1-甲基-1H-咪唑-5-羧酸乙酯(1),产物结构经^(1)H NMR确证。优化了反应条件:第一步,n_((肌氨酸乙酯盐酸盐))∶n_((K2)CO_(3))=1∶1.5,反应时间为8h,反应温度为25℃;第二步,n_((3))∶n_((NaH))=1∶1.2;第三步,n_((4))∶n_((NH2)CN)=1∶2.5,n_((4))∶n_((NaOAc))=1∶3.2,优化条件下的总收率为43.7%。此合成途径操作简便、产品质量好、总收率高,利于大量生产。

微通道中3-氨基-1-金刚烷醇的连续流工艺

3-氨基-1-金刚烷醇是糖尿病治疗药物维格列汀的关键起始物料。在微反应器中,由1-金刚烷胺先硝化再水解连续合成3-氨基-1-金刚烷醇。考察了1-金刚烷胺与硝酸的摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等对原料转化率、选择性和杂质的影响,并优化了相关工艺参数。结果表明,反应温度60℃,硝酸/1-金刚烷胺摩尔比为2.27,硝酸/1-金刚烷胺质量比为0.76,反应时间2.1 min, 1-金刚烷胺单程转化率达98.4%,选择性92.5%。与传统间歇釜式反应工艺相比,微通道反应工艺提高了的收率和选择性,缩短了反应时间,减少了原料消耗,实现了连续化操作,提高了生产安全性。

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Plant Growth Regulatory Activity of 1-(3-Amino-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-one

The title compound 1-（3-amino-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl）-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-one（3） was synthesized by Hofmann-alkylation reaction of 1-chloro-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-one（1） and ~1H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylamine（2） with equal amount of K_2CO_3 as acid acceptor. The structure of compound 3 was characterized by ~1H NMR, 13 C NMR, HRMS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 5.7227（8）, b = 27.924（4）, c = 6.2282（7） ？, β = 101.892（11）°, V = 973.9（2） ？~3, Z = 4, T = 180.00（10） K, μ（MoKα） = 0.087 mm^（-1）, Dc = 1.243 g/cm^3, 3832 reflections measured（3.648≤θ≤26.022°）, 1916 unique reflections（Rint = 0.0359, Rsigma = 0.0572） used in all calculations. The final R = 0.0557（I 〉 2σ（I）） and w R = 0.1276（all data）. Bioassay showed that 3 displayed excellent activity as plant growth regulator with inducing lateral root formation and enhancing primary root elongation at 0.27 mmol/L（50 ppm） in soybeen（He Feng-50）. Good water solubility was found with 50 mg in 1 m L of water. Therefore, application of 3 in agriculture is more environmentally friendly due to cosolvent-free condition, and results in improved abiotic-stress tolerance by affecting the root growth. And furthermore, it can be used as a precursor to investigate the function of regulating plant root growth.

Simultaneous Determination of Dopamine and Uric Acid at 2-Amino-5-mercapto-[1, 3, 4]triazole Self-assembled Monolayers Gold Electrode

A newly synthesized reagent 2-amino-5-mercapto-[1, 3, 4]triazole (MATZ) has been usedto fabricate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrode for the first time. The SAMselectrode was characterized by electrochemical methods and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM),the SAMs electrode can be used to determinate dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) simultaneouslywith a detection limit of 8×10-7 mol/L for DA and 1×10-6 mol/L for UA respectively. The SAMscan also be used to detect the contents of DA and UA in synthetic urine sample with satisfactoryresults.

Synthetic Studies on 1-Amino-1-Cyclopropane-Carboxylic Acid( Ⅰ )——The Cyclopropanation via Addition-Elimination Reactions

Various addition-elimination approaches have been explored for diastereoselective construction of 1-amino- 1-cyclopropane-carboxylic acid (ACPC) derivatives, and the desired product was obtained from a reaction of cyclo(NAc-L-Val-NAc-Gly) and methyl α-bro-moacrylate under protonic solvent.

L型氨基酸转运蛋白1的表达对非霍奇金淋巴瘤临床病理特征和预后的影响

目的:检测非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)组织中L型氨基酸转运蛋白1(LAT1)的表达,分析LAT1对患者临床病理特征和预后的影响。方法:收集2017年1月至2019年4月在本院接受治疗的NHL患者92例,免疫组织化学检测NHL组织中LAT1的表达,比较不同病理特征(包括性别、Ann Arbor分期、结外浸润、Ki-67)患者组间LAT1的表达差异,单因素和多因素Cox回归分析影响患者死亡的危险因素,受试者工作曲线(ROC)检测NHL组织中LAT1阳性细胞百分比对患者死亡的预测价值,分析LAT1阳性细胞百分比对患者生存率的影响。结果:LAT1在NHL组织中呈阳性表达,Ann Arbor分期III期和IV期组LAT1高表达率高于I期组,结外浸润组LAT1高表达率高于无结外浸润组,Ki-67阳性表达组LAT1高表达率高于阴性表达组,比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。LAT1高表达组治疗3个疗程后的缓解率为70.7%,低于低表达组的91.2%,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Ann Arbor分期III期、IV期、结外浸润、Ki-67阳性表达和LAT1表达增加(即LAT1阳性细胞比例评分≥2)为患者死亡的危险因素。LAT1阳性细胞百分比预测NHL死亡的截断值为45.6%,曲线下面积为0.905(95%CI:0.897-0.924)。LAT1高水平组(LAT1阳性细胞百分比≥45.6%)3年生存率为50.00%,低于LAT1低水平组的78.26%(P<0.05)。结论:LAT1在NHL组织中表达水平增加,影响患者的肿瘤分期和结外浸润,是患者死亡的危险因素。

Expression of L amino acid transport system 1 and analysis of iodine-123-methyltyrosine tumor uptake in a pancreatic xenotransplantation model using fused high-resolution-micro-SPECT-MRI

BACKGROUND:The specificity in discriminating pancreatitis is limited in the positron emission tomography(PET)using Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose.Furthermore,PET is not widely available compared to the single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT).Since amino acids play a minor role in metabolism of inflammatory cells,the potential of the SPECT tracer,3-[ 123 I]iodo-L-α-methyltyrosine(123I-IMT),for detecting pancreatic cancer was examined in xenotransplantation models of human pancreatic carcinoma in mice. METHODS: 123 I-IMT was injected to eight mice inoculated with subcutaneous or orthotopic pancreatic tumors.Fused high-resolution-micro-SPECT(Hi-SPECT)and magnetic resonance imaging were performed.The gene expression level of L amino acid transport-system 1(LAT1)was analyzed and correlated with tumor uptake of 123 I-IMT. RESULTS:A high uptake of 123 I-IMT was detected in all tumor-bearing mice.The median tumor-to-background ratio (T/B)was 12.1(2.0-13.2)for orthotopic and 8.4(1.8-11.1)for subcutaneous xenotransplantation,respectively.Accordingly, the LAT1 expression in transplanted Colo357 cells was increased compared to non-malignant controls.CONCLUSIONS:Our mouse model could show a high 123 I-IMT uptake in pancreatic cancer.Fused MRI scans facilitate precise evaluation of uptake in the specific regions of interest.Further studies are required to confirm these findings in tumors derived from other human pancreatic cancer cells.Since amino acids play a minor role in the metabolism of inflammatory cells,the potential for application of 123 I-IMT to distinguish pancreatic tumor from inflammatory pancreatitis warrants further investigation.