Teaching System of Chinese Architectural History Based on the Idea of “Innovation + Practice + Entrepreneurship”

With the introduction of Opinions on Deepening the Reform in Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education in Colleges and Universities issued by the General Office of the State Council, establishing an advanced innovative and entrepreneurial education idea, persisting in cultivation-orientation and comprehensively improving personnel training quality have become an important development direction of higher education, and the innovation and entrepreneurship education reform has provided an impetus for the comprehensive reform in colleges and universities. In this context, how to combine the concept of innovation and entrepreneurship education with the traditional teaching system proves to be an important issue to be considered in the development of colleges and universities. The construction of three teaching platforms for innovation, practice and entrepreneurship enables the idea of innovation and entrepreneurship education to be incorporated into the teaching process of Chinese architectural history, thereby carrying out a systematic, comprehensive, far-reaching teaching system reform. The past several years have witnessed a good teaching effect in University of Science and Technology Liaoning due to the implementation of the teaching system reform. It is hoped that the teaching system reform carried out by University of Science and Technology Liaoning can provide a reference for the teaching of Chinese architectural history.

The application of building performance simulation in the writing of architectural history： Analysing climatic design in 1960s Israel

This article presents a methodology for the integration of building performance simulation （BPS） into the writing of architectural history. While BPS tools have been developed mainly for design purposes, their current maturity enables to reliably apply them in simulating the performance of past buildings, even when these buildings have been significantly modified or demolished. The possibility to virtually reconstruct the performance of past buildings can help us to overcome the existing knowledge gap in the understanding of the role played by building performance and building performance research through the history of architecture and can therefore promote the intelligent and successful application of environmental features in contemporary architecture. The potential of the proposed methodology is presented here using a historical case study from 1960s Israel （a university building in Tel Aviv）, in which climatic considerations were an explicit part of the entire design process. The original thermal performance of the building was analysed by employing the EnergyPlus simulation engine, and the simulation results were used for evaluating the climatic impact of certain design decisions, comparing them with the proclaimed design goals and the original intentions of the architects.

Su Shi's Yellow Tower and Its History

This paper introduced the history of Su Shi ordering to build the Yellow Tower in the Northern Song Dynasty,and also the cause and effect of rebuilding the Yellow Tower in the 1980s.From its first construction to the process of its several times of collapsing and rebuilding,the Yellow Tower has reflected cultural connotations and spiritual value of different periods,thus the textual research on the history of Yellow Tower is essential for the research on the development of Xu-style landscape architecture.

Globalized Metropolises?An Issue of History and Memories…

Through specific examples of five different metropolises in globalization,New York,Paris,Rome,Prague and Bordeaux,the sources of prosperity and urbanity are not the same when urban history prevails in our memories or when our memories claim to write its history.Yet everything can be lived differently when both are brought together and when they write their space-time together.

Interpretation,Construction and Exhibition-Seeking the Positive Significance of Ancient Architecture Model Making in the Teaching of History of Chinese Architecture

On the basis of a special project for teaching reform, in order to change the boring and dull situation of History of Chinese Architecture in students, ancient architecture model was introduced in the teaching process of the pure history course. Through the interpretation, construction, and exhibition stages,the ability of students in grasping the knowledge of architecture history can be strengthened. Then, from the historical background, physical composition, artistic conception of space, structural system, detailed structure, and architectural evolution, the positive significance of ancient architecture model to the teaching of the History of Chinese Architecture was discussed, in the hope of providing certain theoretical basis for the teaching of the History of Chinese Architecture.

Urban and Architectural Design of the Piazza del Governo in Enna

The paper deals with the urban space of Piazza del Governo in Enna, a town located in the center of Sicily. This square was realized in 1935 by the architect Salvatore Caronia Roberti and is representative of the 1930s＇ fascist regime. The aim of this research is the knowledge of this urban space： the historical references, the compositive choices, the planimetric layout and its geometric rigor, and the monumentality and representativeness of the buildings overlooking the square. The research used the tools of Survey and Representation to better understand the dimensional ratios both at the urban and architectural scale. We have carried out an integrated survey （direct, photogrammetric, 3D laser scanning） in order to acquire a whole set of information essential to describe, document, and appreciate all the features of this urban space. Our investigation started by analyzing the historical documents preserved at the Historic Archive of the city of Enna （project drawings, letters, and historical images） to better understand why some decisions have been taken. The final result represents the historical memory up-to-date of the whole urban space, and it allows any academics to investigate more about the project： the initial decisions, the conservation state, and the possible and more coherent interventions of maintenance and preservation.

Foreign Landscape Architecture History Teaching by Introducing Three-dimensional Graphic Analysis:A Case Study of Italian Renaissance Gardens

Taking contents of Italian Renaissance gardens in the course Foreign Landscape Architecture History as an example,this paper introduces case teaching method and analyzes application of three-dimensional graphic analysis method in case teaching in detail,aiming at typical cases of Italian Renaissance gardens,namely,Villa Medici,Fiesole and Villa d’Este,Tivoli.Three-dimensional graphic analysis can help students form intuitive feeling of terrain and space,further understand the typical gardening techniques of foreign gardens,so as to improve the teaching effect of landscape architecture history course.

Research on the Geomantic Structure Kuishan Pagoda of the Ming Dynasty in Xuzhou

This paper introduced the origin of the Kuishan Pagoda and its role in "increasing architectural achievements and reinforcing scenic sights" of Xuzhou from the perspective of the city’s Fengshui (geomancy).The round base of the pagoda was 16.7 meters in diameter.The octagonal pagoda had seven stories,with a height of 67 meters.Each story had 4 doors that face each other in pairs.From the second to the seventh story,the pagoda was decorated with brick-carved waist eaves,cornices,rafters,upward angles and tile ranges,which were rigorously and strictly designed and distributed.The outward-pointing waist eaves were narrow and short and boast exquisite shapes.The top of the pagoda pointed skywards and was decorated with interlayered metal wheels.The pagoda top with metal wheels appeared magnificent and demonstrated exquisite craftsmanship,adding a particularly imposing atmosphere to the pagoda.

Beyond postcolonialism： New directions for the history of nonwestern architecture

Overturning assumptions that nonwestern architecture has been static over time, new scholar- ship focused on colonial and postcolonial architecture and urbanism and on nonwestern modernism has made a significant contnbution to our understanding of the history of architecture. Much more, however, remains to be done. Comparative studies of colonialism, especially between empires, attention to innovation outside Europe and the English-speaking world and more consideration of memory and migration are among the most exciting possible new directions.

ARCHITECTURE INFORMS HISTORY

Clusters of ancient architecture in central China have recently been entered on the world heritage list A group of ancient architecture in Dengfeng,central China’s Henan Province,was added to the world heritage list at the 34th session of the World Heritage Committee in Brazil on August 1 this year.The architectural collection is China’s 39th property inscribed on the list,and the third world heritage site in the province after the Longmen Grottoes and Yinxu in Anyang,site of the capital of the late Shang Dynasty(1600-1046 B.C.).

Materials analysis of traditional Chinese copper halls using XRF and GIS： Kunming Copper Hall as a case study

This paper presents the framework and results of analysis of the building materials used in traditional Chinese copper halls. The analysis of the Kunming copper hall （KCH） is presented as a typical example. First, the historical building structure of the KCH is investigated. Results of X-ray fluorescence （XRF） spectrometry are presented and analyzed according to the units of each building component. The results indicate that the different components in the same building were cast out of different alloys such as bronze, brass, and red copper. Furthermore, the XRF results are loaded into the geographic information system （GIS） to examine the relations between the building components and their materials. The GIS analysis indicates that the different alloys were deliberately chosen according to the function of each piece in the structure. Finally, the reason and significance of this phenomenon is discussed from the perspective of architectural history and the history of science and technology.