Application of buried auricular point combined with Wenjing Sanhan prescription in arteriosclerosis obliterans patients with resting pain

BACKGROUND Research on the combined use of ear acupoint embedding beans and warming meridians with cold-dispersing formulas for alleviating resting pain in patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)remains limited.AIM To explore the therapeutic efficacy of auricular point embedding beans combined with Wenjing Sanhan prescription in alleviating resting pain in patients with lower-limb ASO.METHODS A total of 100 patients with ASO experiencing resting pain who were treated at our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were enrolled.They were randomly allocated into two groups using a double-blind approach.The control group was treated using a warming meridian with a cold-dispersing formula,while the study group received additional treatment with ear acupoint embedding beans.The clinical efficacy,ankle-brachial artery pressure ratio,hemorheological indicators,and traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The clinical efficacy rate in the study group was significantly higher(94.00%)than that in the control group(72.00%,P<0.05).Moreover,the ankle-brachial artery pressure ratio was significantly higher in the study group after treatment(P<0.05).Hemorheological parameters,including whole blood viscosity,plasma viscosity(1.83±0.11)mPa/s,fibrinogen levels(3.30±0.21)g/L,platelet adhesion rate(49.87%±10.51%),and erythrocyte aggregation index(1.79±0)were improved in the study group compared to the control group.In addition,the scores for decreased skin temperature(1.41±0.26),intermittent claudication(1.30±0.20),and resting pain(1.23±0.31)were significantly lower in the study group than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The level of oxidative stress in the study group also exhibited significant improvement(P<0.05),and the levels of inflammatory factors were considerably lower than those in the control group.CONCLUSION The combination of ear point embedding beans and Wenjing Sanhan prescription demonstrates promising clinical efficacy in alleviating resting pain associated with ASO.

Analysis of the Effect of Problem-Oriented Nursing Intervention on Patients with Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans in Vascular Surgery

Objective: To analyze the effect of problem-oriented nursing intervention on patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in vascular surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 128 patients with lower extremity ASO in vascular surgery were selected and randomly divided into groups A and B, with 64 cases each. Group A is the control group, and Group B is the observation group. Group A received the routine nursing intervention, and Group B received the problem-oriented nursing intervention. The compliance, self-care ability, psychological state, quality of life, and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of patients were evaluated based on various indicators. Results: After the intervention, the evaluation of self-care ability (ESCA) score of the patients in Group B was higher than that of Group A, and the symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) score was lower than that of Group A. The differences were significant (t = 10.019, t = 3.118, P < 0.01). After the intervention, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) index scores of the two groups increased and the increase in Group B was significantly higher than Group A (P < 0.001). The compliance rate of Group B (62/ 96.88%) was higher than that of Group A (52/ 81.25%), and the difference was extremely significant (χ2 = 8.020, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Problem-oriented nursing intervention for patients with lower extremity ASO in vascular surgery improved the patient’s self-care ability, and quality of life, reduced the patient’s negative emotions, and enhanced their overall satisfaction.

Mechanism of Simiao Yongan decoction in the treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremity through JAK/STAT signaling pathway

Objective:To predict the effective components,potential targets and pathways of Simiao Yong’an Decoction in the treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)based on the method of network pharmacology,and to explore the mechanism of Simiao Yong’an Decoction in treating ASO combined with cell experiment.Methods:TCMSP database was used to screen the active components and targets of Simiao Yong’an decoction,and Genecards and OMIM databases were used to obtain ASO related proteins;PPI network of drug disease target proteins was constructed by string platform;go function and KEGG pathway enrichment of Simiao Yong’an Decoction ASO target were analyzed by David database.The drug target pathway with high correlation with ASO was selected.The model of vascular smooth muscle cell injury(VSMCs)induced by ox LDL was used,and Simiao Yong’an decoction containing pharmaceutical Qing was given to verify the therapeutic effect of Simiao Yong’an Decoction on ox LDL induced VSMCs and its regulation on highly correlated target pathway.Results:A total of 126 active components of Simiao Yong'an Decoction were screened,40 targets of Simiao Yong’an Decoction ASO were selected,99 go biological processes and 48 related signal pathways were related to ASO;the experimental results showed that with the passage of time,Simiao Yongan decoction could significantly inhibit the proliferation of VSMCs(P<0.05);compared with the model group,the percentage of BrdU positive cells in each dose group of Simiao Yong’an decoction was significantly higher than that in the model group In addition,Simiao Yong’an decoction could significantly inhibit the proliferation of VSMCs(P<0.05);in addition,Simiao Yongan decoction could inhibit the levels of IL-6 and IL-1β(P<0.05);significantly inhibit the expression of PCNA,JAK2 and STAT3 mRNA(P<0.05);Conclusions:Simiao Yong’an decoction has the effect of"multi-component,multi-target and multi-channel"in the treatment of ASO.It can inhibit the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway,play an anti-inflammatory role and inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Efficacy and safety of Danhong injection in the treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Aims:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of danhong injection in the treatment of arteriosclerotic occlusion.Methods:Computer retrieval China knowledge network(CNKI),and Wiper Chinese journal database(VIP),and Wanfang data knowledge service platform,the Chinese biomedical literature database(CBM),Pubmed,science citation index(SCI)database,the Cochrane Library,including eight Chinese English database,to conform to the criteria for the two researchers use the recommended bias risk assessment method to evaluate the Cochrane bias risk,extracted data,and apply the Review Manager software Meta analysis and system evaluation.Results:Finally,13 studies were included,with a total number of 884 cases.The results showed that the clinical efficacy of danhong injection in the treatment of arteriosclerotic occlusion was higher than that of conventional treatment,and the difference was statistically significant[OR=3.08,95%CI(2.07,4.60),P<0.00001].The improvement of arteriosclerosis was more obvious[OR=0.15,95%CI(0.12,0.19),P<0.00001].The improvement of hemodynamics was more obvious[OR=-0.19,95%CI(-0.33,-0.04),P=0.01].No adverse reactions occurred.Conclusions:Danhong injection has higher clinical efficacy in the treatment of atherosclerotic occlusion,more obvious improvement in arteriosclerosis degree and hemodynamics,and higher safety.However,due to the low quality of literature research,more high-quality,large samples and randomized controlled double-blind clinical trials are needed to provide high-level evidence to further verify the efficacy and safety of danhong injection in the treatment of atherosclerotic occlusion.

Potential Mechanisms of Yanghe Decoction in the Treatment of Soft Tissue Sarcoma and Arteriosclerosis Obliterans Based on Network Pharmacology

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate potential mechanisms of Yanghe Decoction(YHD)in treating soft tissue sarcoma(STS)and arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)based on the use of network pharmacology.Methods Candidate compounds and potential targets were identifed through the TCM Systems Pharmacology database and a comprehensive literature search.Related targets of STS and ASO were collected in the GeneCards database,DisGeNET database,and Drugbank database.Furthermore,The STRING 11.0 database was used to determine protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks;common targets were obtained and imported into Cytoscape 3.7.2.Then,a PPI network comprising common targets was drawn,and network topology analysis was performed to screen for key shared targets.Gene ontology functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis of key shared targets were performed by using Metascape software.Subsequently.a compound-target-pathway network was constructed via Cytoscape 3.7.2.Results The following signaling pathways were found to be associated with the mechanisms of YHD in treating STS and ASO:AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway;HIF-1 signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,interactions between cytokines and cytokine receptors,Th17 cell differentiation,and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway.Among the compounds and targets involved in these pathways,quercetin,luteolin,and kaempferol were found to be core compounds,and TNF,IL-6,and MAPK1 were found to be core targets.Conclusion Taken together,our findings elucidated that potential mechanisms of YHD in treating STS and ASO involved cellular proliferation/differentiation,angiogen-esis,inflammation,immune responses,oxidative stress,and other related signaling pathways.

Application of Big Data Deep Learning in Auxiliary Diagnosis of Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans

At present,the incidence rate of arteriosclerosis obliterans(LEASO)of the lower extremities is significantly increased by aging and lifestyle changes.It is of great importance to predict the LEASO effectively and accurately by analyzing the imaging data of the lower extremities⑴.At this stage,China has entered the era of big data and artificial intelligence.Medical institutions at all levels can produce a large number of lower limb vascular image data every day.Using big data deep learning technology to intelligently analyze a large number of image data,and then carry out auxiliary diagnosis,so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment effect of LEASO is the focus of clinical research.

Advances in the management of arteriosclerosis of the lower extremity:Integrating Western and Chinese medicine approaches

This editorial provides a commentary on the recent article.The paper reviews current literature and explores innovative treatment strategies for lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans(LEASO)through an integrative approach.It highlights the effectiveness of combination therapies that merge traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with Western medical practices,suggesting that such integrative methods may improve patient compliance and outcomes through personalized care.This paper stresses the importance of rigorous clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TCM interventions within LEASO treatment protocols,advocating for evidence-based validation of these combined therapies.Our recommendations emphasize accurate diagnosis,appropriate pharmacological in-terventions,the use of advanced surgical and endovascular techniques,and the inclusion of TCM to address underlying dysfunctions.Additionally,continuous monitoring,patient education,and lifestyle modifications are essential to slow disease progression and achieve optimal patient outcomes.The paper concludes by calling for further research to develop standardized treatment protocols that effectively integrate both Western and Chinese medical approaches in managing LEASO.

Loss of GRB2 associated binding protein 1 in arteriosclerosis obliterans promotes host autophagy

Background:Arteriosclerosis obliterans(ASO)is a major cause of adult limb loss worldwide.Autophagy of vascular endothelial cell(VEC)contributes to the ASO progression.However,the molecular mechanism that controls VEC autophagy remains unclear.In this study,we aimed to explore the role of the GRB2 associated binding protein 1(GAB1)in regulating VEC autophagy.Methods:In vivo and in vitro studies were applied to determine the loss of adapt protein GAB1 in association with ASO progression.Histological GAB1 expression was measured in sclerotic vascular intima and normal vascular intima.Gain-and loss-of-function of GAB1 were applied in VEC to determine the effect and potential downstream signaling of GAB1.Results:The autophagy repressor p62 was significantly downregulated in ASO intima as compared to that in healthy donor(0.80 vs.0.20,t=6.43,P<0.05).The expression level of GAB1 mRNA(1.00 vs.0.24,t=7.41,P<0.05)and protein(0.72 vs.0.21,t=5.97,P<0.05)was significantly decreased in ASO group as compared with the control group.Loss of GAB1 led to a remarkable decrease in LC3II(1.19 vs.0.68,t=5.99,P<0.05),whereas overexpression of GAB1 significantly led to a decrease in LC3II level(0.41 vs.0.93,t=7.12,P<0.05).Phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38 were significantly associated with gain-and loss-of-function of GAB1 protein.Conclusion:Loss of GAB1 promotes VEC autophagy which is associated with ASO.GAB1 and its downstream signaling might be potential therapeutic targets for ASO treatment.

Comparison of the Safety and Effectiveness of Lower Extremity Artery Bypass Grafting and Endovascular Angioplasty in the Treatment of Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans in the Elderly

Objective:To compare the safety and effectiveness of lower extremity artery bypass grafting and endovascular angioplasty in the treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans in the elderly.Methods:The data of 87 elderly patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans treated in our hospital from August 2015 to August 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the different treatment methods,they were divided into angioplasty group(n=45,intravascular angioplasty)and bypass grafting group(n=42,lower extremity artery bypass grafting).The success rate,hemodynamics of dorsalis pedis artery and nerve conduction of lower extremity were compared between the two groups Velocity,VAS score,late target vessel lumen loss(LLL),patency rate,restenosis rate,ankle brachial index(ABI)and clinical adverse events.Results:There was no significant difference between angioplasty group and bypass group(P>0.05).One month after operation,the hemodynamics of dorsalis pedis artery and nerve conduction velocity of lower limbs in the two groups were better than those before operation,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The VAS score of the two groups was significantly lower than that of the preoperative group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The ABI of the two groups was significantly improved after operation,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the groups at each time point(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in LLL,patency rate and restenosis rate between the two groups(P>0.05).There was statistical difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P<0.05).During the follow-up period,no serious adverse events such as death or amputation occurred in both groups.Conclusion:Endovascular angioplasty and lower extremity artery bypass grafting have the same clinical effect in the treatment of elderly patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans,which are safe and feasible.

Effect of Ligustrazine Injection on Vascular Endothelial Cell of The Patients with Arteriosclerosis Obliterans

Objective: To study the effect of ligustrazine injection (LI) on vascular endothelial cell of the patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) and explore the new pathway of investigating effective vascular protective agents in Chinese medicinal herbs. Methods: Forty-six patients with ASO in the LI group treated by LI were observed, their circulating endothelial cells (CEC) were detected quantitatively before and after treatment. The results were compared with the CEC of 53 cases of healthy persons (control group) in the same period. Results: In the LI group, the immediate cure rate was 45.7% (21 cases), markedly effective rate 36.9% (17 cases) and the effective rate 17.4% (8 cases). The CEC of patients before treatment was 4.39±1.76/0.9μl, which was significantly higher than that of the healthy persons (1.53±0.42/0.9μl). It could be reduced after treatment, along with the improvement of symptoms and signs, to 2.43±0.87/0.9μl, P＜0.01. Conclusion: LI in treating ASO not only displays extraordinary effect, but also has good effect in curing the damage of endothelial cells.

Mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤)for Atherosclerosis Obliterans Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

Objective:Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking,we want to explore the pharmacological effects and mechanism of Danggui Sini Decoction in the treatment of lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans.Methods:Using TCMSP database to search the main active components of Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤,DSD)and their related targets,Cytoscape3.8.1 software was used to construct a"component-disease-target"interaction network.Meanwhile,DAVID database was used to enrich the key target genes with GO and KEGG functions.And we used Auto Dock Tools 1.5.6 for molecular docking.Results:A total of 45 candidate active molecules and 250 potential target proteins related to ASO were screened.Key genes such as TNF,IL6,VEGFA,MMP9,IL1B,CCL2,CXCL8,ICAM1,VCAM1,and IL10 are mainly through TNF signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,Toll-like receptor signaling pathway,NF-kappa B signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway and other biological pathways exert their effects.The results of molecular docking showed that 5UUI-sesamin,5UUI-paeoniflorin,4XCT-sesamin,and 4XCT-sesamin have extremely strong binding ability.Conclusion:Danggui Sini Decoction(当归四逆汤,DSD)can synergistically exert pharmacological effects through multiple components,multiple targets,and multiple pathways.On the basis of regulating immunity and inhibiting smooth muscle proliferation,it can prevent the occurrence and development of ASO.

The Effects of Chinese Medicines on Micro-circulation of Nail Folds and Blood Flow Velocity of Limbs in the Patients with Arteriosclerotic Obliteration

The effects of Chinese medicines on micro-circulation and blood flow velocity in arteries of the lower limbs were observed in 33 patients with arteriosclerotic obliteration(ASO).The results showed that the integral values of micro-circulation after treatment were obviously higher than those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Blood flow velocity in arteries of the lower limbs determined with the color Doppler ultrasound detecting method after treatment were also obviously higher than those before treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01).In tbis series of 33 ASO patients,the markedly effective rate was 36.36%,and the total effective rate was 63.64%.The observation indicates that the recipe prescribed according to the principle of supplementing qi and activating blood circulation can effectively improve micro-circulation in ASO patients,and accelerate blood flow in arteries of the lower limbs.

Vacuum-compression therapy for ischemic disease of the extremities:experience with 40 patients

Objective To study the clinical effects of vacuum-compression therapy for ischemic disease of the extremities. Methods A total of 40 cases of peripheral arterial disorders,including 23 thromboangiitis obliterans (31 limbs) and 17 arteriosclerosis obliterans (23 limbs),were treated by a self-made vacuum-compression therapeutic apparatus. Results The effective rate in thromboangiitis obliterans and arteriosclerosis obliterans groups was 96.77% and 92.23%,respectively. The cuffs on the apparatus were improved to eliminate discomfort in the patients during treatment. "Rebound symptom" was observed during treatment,which had not been reported previously. Conclusion Vacuum-compression therapy has a good prospect for treating ischemia of the extremities.