Human Settlement Science-oriented Analysis of Rural Tourism Attraction System

Human settlement resources belong to tourist resources in a broad sense. Rural areas with excellent human settlements have become favorable tourist destinations. From the perspective of human settlement science, tourism attraction system model can be established by factors of harmony of rural ecology, harmony of rural life, harmony of rural production and harmony of rural culture. Concrete strategies for improving rural tourism attractiveness based on science of human settlements were proposed from the perspectives of optimization of ecological environment, education of original residents, upgrading of agricultural landscapes and products, and construction of rural tourism culture.

A Preliminary Study on Application Effect of Intelligent Insect Sexual Attraction Monitoring System

[Objectives]The paper was to verify and explore the application effect of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system.[Methods]The data of Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera frugiperda monitored by intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system,manual survey and traditional pest monitoring tool were compared and analyzed,and the application effect of guiding field pest control was investigated.[Results]The statistical data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system were highly consistent with that of manual survey,and were consistent with that of traditional pest monitoring tool,which had good effect in guiding field control.[Conclusions]The monitoring data of intelligent insect sexual attraction monitoring system are accurate,efficient,real-time and practical.It can solve the problem of high monitoring intensity for the monitoring personnel and conform to the development direction of modern agriculture.

Construction of Trail Tourist Attractions Assessment Index System

Based on the further analysis of trail's concept,trail tourist attractions was proposed as a new concept,and the 5-dimension(trail resource,trail operation,trail technology,trail management and trail economic index) theoretical assessment framework for trail tourist attractions was established. Trail route selection,trail pavement and trail management grade were taken for example to explain the specifications for these secondary indexes. The future research should expand the index system to cover all secondary indexes of the 5 dimensions,put the concept of trail tourist attractions into tourism planning practices,and provide examples for the construction of trail tourist attractions across the country. Proposal of the concept of trail tourist attractions and its assessment standards is an attempt and innovation in the development of scenic areas,and will possibly result in the new development rules of scenic areas.

Multiscale Characteristics and Connection Mechanisms of Attraction Networks:A Trajectory Data Mining Approach Leveraging Geotagged Data

Urban tourism is considered a complex system,and multiscale exploration of the organizational patterns of attraction networks has become a topical issue in urban tourism,so exploring the multiscale characteristics and connection mechanisms of attraction networks is important for understanding the linkages between attractions and even the future destination planning.This paper uses geotagging data to compare the links between attractions in Beijing,China during four different periods:the pre-Olympic period(2004–2007),the Olympic Games and subsequent‘heat period’(2008–2013),the post-Olympic period(2014–2019),and the COVID-19(Corona Virus Disease 2019)pandemic period(2020–2021).The aim is to better understand the evolution and patterns of attraction networks at different scales in Beijing and to provide insights for tourism planning in the destination.The results show that the macro,meso-,and microscales network characteristics of attraction networks have inherent logical relationships that can explain the commonalities and differences in the development process of tourism networks.The macroscale attraction network degree Matthew effect is significant in the four different periods and exhibits a morphological monocentric structure,suggesting that new entrants are more likely to be associated with attractions that already have high value.The mesoscale links attractions according to the common purpose of tourists,and the results of the community segmentation of the attraction networks in the four different periods suggest that the functional polycentric structure describes their clustering effect,and the weak links between clusters result from attractions bound by incomplete information and distance,and the functional polycentric structure with a generally more efficient network of clusters.The pattern structure at the microscale reveals the topological transformation relationship of the regional collaboration pattern,and the attraction network structure in the four different periods has a very similar importance profile structure suggesting that the attraction network has the same construction rules and evolution mechanism,which aids in understanding the attraction network pattern at both macro and micro scales.Important approaches and practical implications for planners and managers are presented.

Differential Effect of Gender & Snapchat Filter Types on Attraction Perception

The focus of this study was to examine how different factors including gender of the person on Snapchat and Snapchat filter types (no filter vs. pretty filter vs. frown filter vs. dog filter vs. sponsored filter) influence social and physical attraction perception of a person. An experiment manipulating both factors was conducted (N = 226). Results showed female on Snapchat was rated significantly higher on both social and physical attraction than their male counterparts. The use of different types of Snapchat filters had a significant effect on social attraction, but not on physical attraction. Moreover, there was a significant interaction effect between gender of the person on Snapchat and the types of Snapchat filter used on the social attraction rating.

Electrostatic Attraction and Repulsion Explained and Modelled Mathematically Using Classical Physics—A Detailed Mechanism Based on Particle Wave Functions

The phenomenon of electrical attraction and repulsion between charged particles is well known, and described mathematically by Coulomb’s Law, yet until now there has been no explanation for why this occurs. There has been no mechanistic explanation that reveals what causes the charged particles to accelerate, either towards or away from each other. This paper gives a detailed explanation of the phenomena of electrical attraction and repulsion based on my previous work that determined the exact wave-function solutions for both the Electron and the Positron. It is revealed that the effects are caused by wave interactions between the wave functions that result in Electromagnetic reflections of parts of the particle’s wave functions, causing a change in their momenta.

Analysis and Empirical Study on the Tourism Attraction Factors of Scenic Areas

Modeling research and empirical study on the attraction of tourism destinations were conducted from 6 aspects,i.e.quality and scale of tourism resources,economic environment of tourism destinations,policy environment,accessibility,income level of tourist source areas as well as distance between tourist source area and tourism destination.

Comparative Study and Inspiration of Management Mode of Heritage Tourist Attractions in China and Foreign Countries

In order to improve the management level of heritage tourist attractions and achieve their sustainable development,a comparative study has been conducted on the management mode of heritage tourist attractions in China and foreign countries from the perspective of management foundation,management objects and management resources.Then,suggestions have been proposed from the ideology and supervision mechanism,including improving ideology,upgrading management system,completing supervision mechanism and adopting international management mode.Particularly,the paper has pointed out that it should find the best management mode based on different social and economic backgrounds of the countries of heritage tourist attractions.

Analysis of chaos behaviors of a bistable piezoelectric cantilever power generation system by the second-order Melnikov function

By applying the second order Melnikov function, the chaos behaviors of a bistable piezoelectric cantilever power generation system are analyzed. Firstly, the conditions for emerging chaos of the system are derived by the second order Melnikov function. Secondly, the effects of each item in chaos threshold expression are analyzed. The excitation frequency and resistance values, which have the most influence on chaos threshold value, are found. The result from the second order Melnikov function is more accurate compared with that from the first order Melnikov function. Finally, the attraction basins of large amplitude motions under different exciting frequency, exciting amplitude, and resistance parameters are given.

Stability analysis for linear discrete-time systems subject to actuator saturation

In this paper, stability of discrete-time linear systems subject to actuator saturation is analyzed by combining the saturation-dependent Lyapunov function method with Finsler’s lemma. New stability test conditions are proposed in the enlarged space containing both the state and its time difference which allow extra degree of freedom and lead to less conservative estimation of the domain of attraction. Furthermore, based on this result, a useful lemma and an iterative LMI-based optimization algorithm are also developed to maximize an estimation of domain of attraction. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

PID Control of Planar Nonlinear Uncertain Systems in the Presence of Actuator Saturation

This paper investigates PID control design for a class of planar nonlinear uncertain systems in the presence of actuator saturation.Based on the bounds on the growth rates of the nonlinear uncertain function in the system model,the system is placed in a linear differential inclusion.Each vertex system of the linear differential inclusion is a linear system subject to actuator saturation.By placing the saturated PID control into a convex hull formed by the PID controller and an auxiliary linear feedback law,we establish conditions under which an ellipsoid is contractively invariant and hence is an estimate of the domain of attraction of the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system.The equilibrium point corresponds to the desired set point for the system output.Thus,the location of the equilibrium point and the size of the domain of attraction determine,respectively,the set point that the output can achieve and the range of initial conditions from which this set point can be reached.Based on these conditions,the feasible set points can be determined and the design of the PID control law that stabilizes the nonlinear uncertain system at a feasible set point with a large domain of attraction can then be formulated and solved as a constrained optimization problem with constraints in the form of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs).Application of the proposed design to a magnetic suspension system illustrates the design process and the performance of the resulting PID control law.

Stability analysis for continuous-time systems with actuator saturation

The aim of this paper is to study the determination of the stability regions for continuous-time systems subject to actuator saturation. Using an affine saturation-dependent Lyapunov function, a new method is proposed to obtain the estimation of the domain of attraction of the closed-loop system. A family of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs） that provides sufficient conditions for the existence of this type of Lyapunov function are presented. The results obtained in this paper can reduce the conservativeness compared with the existing ones. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.

Effects of Different Live Food Extracts on Fish Attraction Activities

[Objective] This study was to determine the effect of green biological feeds that little affected natural environment on fish attraction activities with the aim to explore new research direction for the recreational fishing area. [Method] The ef- fective constituents of live natural foods, including chironomid larvae, earthworm, mussels, winkles, were separated by using soaking solution extraction and centrifu- gal extraction. The extracted live foods were used to attract the carp, young cru- cian, and fishes of 100-150 days old and over 1 year old, respectively. The feed nutrition formulation of the added food attractants was designed and applied to feed- ing in the aquaculture farm. The test results were practised in bait study to conduct field fishing test and collect the data. [Results] Compared with the control group, feeding with live foods had significantly improved the growth rates of fishes at dif- ferent ages, and greatly reduced food coefficients. [Conclusion] The feeds made from live food addictives had excellent attraction ability, which not only reduced the negative effects on natural environment but also made the aquaculture mode more organic and greener.

Integration of spatial attractions between and within pixels for sub-pixel mapping

As a promising technique to enhance the spatial reso- lution of remote sensing imagery, sub-pixel mapping is processed based on the spatial dependence theory with the assumption that the land cover is spatially dependent both within pixels and be- tween them. The spatial attraction is used as a tool to describe the dependence. First, the spatial attractions between pixels, sub- pixel/pixel spatial attraction model （SPSAM）, are described by the modified SPSAM （MSPSAM） that estimates the attractions accord- ing to the distribution of sub-pixels within neighboring pixels. Then a mixed spatial attraction model （MSAM） for sub-pixel mapping is proposed that integrates the spatial attractions both within pix- els and between them. According to the expression of the MSAM maximumising the spatial attraction, the genetic algorithm is em- ployed to search the optimum solution and generate the sub-pixel mapping results. Experiments show that compared with SPSAM, MSPSAM and pixel swapping algorithm modified by initialization from SPSAM （MPS）, MSAM can provide higher accuracy and more rational sub-pixel mapping results.

Adaptive fault-tolerant control of linear time-invariant systems in the presence of actuator saturation

This paper studies the problem of designing adaptive fault-tolerant controllers for linear tirne-invariant systems with actuator saturation. New methods for designing indirect adaptive fault-tolerant controllers via state feedback are presented for actuator fault compensations. Based on the on-line estimation of eventual faults, the adaptive fault-tolerant controller parameters are updating automatically to compensate the fault effects on systems. The designs are developed in the framework of linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach, which can enlarge the domain of attraction of closed-loop systems in the cases of actuator saturation and actuator failures. Two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the design method.

Analysis and design of output feedback control systems with actuator saturation

A dynamic output feedback controller design approach based on cone complementary linearisation procedure is proposed for linear time-invariant （LTI） systems with actuator saturation. First, the estimation of the domain of attraction is given. Then, a design method to find a larger estimation of the domain of attraction is presented. In the process of design, nonconvex conditions are obtained, so a cone complementary linearisation procedure is exploited to solve the nonconvex feasibility problem. Two examples are given to illustrate the efficiency of the design method.

Design of a bilinear fault detection observer for singular bilinear systems

A bilinear fault detection observer is proposed for a class of continuous time singular bilinear systems subject to unknown input disturbance and fault. By singular value decomposition on the original system, a bilinear fault detection observer is proposed for the decomposed system via an algebraic Riccati equation, and the domain of attraction of the state estimation error is estimated. A design procedure is presented to determine the fault detection threshold. A model of flexible joint robot is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Rural Tourism Attractions in Yangzhou City

By using geography quantitative methods and Arc GIS,the spatial distribution characteristics,types,rules and influencing factors of 20 representative rural tourism attractions in Yangzhou City were analyzed.The results show that the traffic accessibility of various regions in Yangzhou City correlated positively with the spacial distribution of rural tourist attractions in quantity in these regions.The rural tourist attractions were dense in regions 10-20 km away from the center of the city;there was only one rural tourist attraction in regions 40-70 km away from the center of the city;some big rural tourist attractions were distributed in regions 70-90 km away from the center of the city;market orientation influenced the spatial distribution of the rural tourist attractions obviously.In regions 0-30 km away from the center of the city,most rural tourist attractions mainly provided recreation and entertainment services for tourists;in regions more than 70 km away from the center of the city,most rural tourist attractions mainly provided health and recuperation services for tourists;in regions 30-50 km away from the center of the city,the service functions of the rural tourist attractions were compound and diversified.

Attraction of bruchid beetles Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) to host plant volatiles

Host-plant volatiles play an important role as cues for herbivores in search of resources, mates and oviposition sites in complex environments. Plant volatile-based attractants can be developed for pest monitoring and control. Previously, we indicated that mated female adults of Callosobruchus chinensis showed choice preference behavior toward 2-hexenal and benzaldehyde. Our objective here was to investigate the synergistic effect of host-derived attractive volatiles in attracting C. chinensis under laboratory and field conditions in Shanxi Province, China. We hypothesized that the ratio and concentration of volatiles derived from Vigna radiata play critical roles for C. chinensis in locating this host. Therefore, we collected and identified the volatiles of mungbean by using headspace collection and GC-MS. The effectiveness of different ratios and concentrations of two compounds (2-hexenal and benzaldehyde) that elicit C. chinensis searching behavior were examined in Y-tube olfactometer assays. The combination of 300 μg μL^–1 2-hexenal and 180 μg μL^–1 benzaldehyde loadings exhibited a synergistic effect on attracting C. chinensis (82.35%). Compared to control traps, the adults were significantly attracted to traps baited with blends, and more attraction to females than males was found for blend traps in the field experiments. Our results suggest that blends of this specific concentration and ratio of benzaldehyde and 2-hexenal can be used in traps as attractants for C. chinensis monitoring and control in the field.

Estimating the globally attractive set and positively invariant set of a unified chaotic system

By constructing two suitable generalized Lyapunov functions,we derived a generalized ellipsoidal estimate of the globally attractive set and positively invariant set of the unified chaotic system with the parameters α=1/29 and 1/29<α<2/29,respectively,which extends some related results of Li,et al. [Li DM,Lu JA,Wu XQ,Chen GR,Estimating the global basin of attraction and positively invariant set for the Lorenz system and a unified chaotic system,Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications,2006,323(2): 844-853]. The theoretical results obtained in this paper will find wide application in chaos control and synchronization.