Inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes by refined bamboo vinegar and preparation of the slow-release system with bamboo charcoal as the carrier

Background:Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases that can significantly impact a considerable proportion of individuals over their lifetime.Objective:This study focuses on the exploration of the application potential of bamboo vinegar in cosmetics.Materials and Methods:The stock solution of bamboo vinegar is subjected to reduced-pressure distillation at different temperatures to obtain refined bamboo vinegar.Then,inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes(P.acnes)by refined bamboo vinegar is observed.Moreover,the refined bamboo vinegar is adsorbed and released with activated bamboo charcoal as the carrier.In all,this study aims to probe into the mechanism of the controlledrelease system of bamboo vinegar.Results:The results shows that the harmful substances(tar)in bamboo vinegar distilled at 70℃decreased by 94.44%,which is a more notable decrease compared with that in the stock solution.The total organic acid content in bamboo vinegar after reduced-pressure distillation is 11.840%,reaching the national standard for refined bamboo vinegar(GB/T 31734–2015).Additionally,the minimum inhibitory concentration of refined bamboo vinegar against P.acnes using the punch method is 7.90 mg/mL.This indicates that refined bamboo vinegar has the potential as a prospective raw material for formulations in anti-acne cosmetic products.Furthermore,the release rate of bamboo charcoal/bamboo vinegar in water for 15 min reaches 70.57%,which then slows down to a plateau.The slow-release behavior is agreed with the Ritger-Peppas model and is beneficial to relieve the irritation of bamboo vinegar to the skin and lengthen its bacteriostatic duration.Conclusion:The foregoing conclusions can serve as the theoretical foundation for the application of bamboo vinegar in anti-acne cosmetics.

Analysis and characterization of microstructures of a TiO_2/bamboo charcoal composite and modified poplar veneer

A type of TiO/bamboo charcoal composite made by a dip-dry method was loaded onto wood veneer with a vacuum- pressure method in order to prepare modified poplar veneer. The pore structure parameters and surface morphology of the TiO2/ bamboo charcoal composite were determined and analyzed by means of a porosimetry analyzer and SEM. The results show that the surface morphology of the composite does not change after being loaded with nano TiO2. However, its specific surface area （359.814 m^2·g^-1）, pore volume （0.317 cm^3.g^-1） and average pore diameter （3.526 nm） increased; particularly the cumulative volume of pores was increased by 65.83%. In addition, the distribution range of the pores was wider than that of the bamboo charcoal. Combining the SEM of unmodified and modified poplar veneer, the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that actually some TiOz compounds, i.e., 4.08%, are imbedded in the modified poplar veneer.

Properties of Bamboo Charcoal and Cement-based Composite Materials and Their Microstructure

The objective of this work was to study the properties of bamboo charcoal and cement-based composite materials and their microstructure. The pastes with various bamboo charcoals were prepared and the relative properties such as setting times and strength were tested and the microstructures and pore characteristics of pastes with various bamboos were also studied. The experimental results indicated that bamboo charcoal affects the setting times of cement paste, but the introduction of water reducer relieves this condition. Bamboo charcoal also poses an impact on the hardened paste strength. The prominent strength decrease is found when more and larger size bamboo charcoal is mixed into the cement paste. Bamboo charcoal alters the paste microstructure and increases the porosity and pore volume, but it increases the pores with the diameter of less than 50 μm. The pastes with various bamboo charcoals are given with the good functions such as adjusting humidity and adsorption.

Effects of bamboo charcoal-based bio-fertilizer on wine bamboo sap yield and nutrient composition

To explore fertilization methods for wine bamboo cultivation in southwestern semi-arid areas of China, this study analyzed annual changes in sap yield and nutrient composition from May 2013 to March 2015 by using bamboo charcoal-based bio-fertilizer （ZT） and organic fertilizer treatments （CK）. The study also provided basic data for functional beverage preparation and for application of ZT. The results of the two experimental cycles revealed that under the ZT treatment, sap was available for collection from May, the beginning of the rainy season, to November, the beginning of the dry season. The period of abundance was July to October with the highest yield of sap of 3.18 L stalk-1 in September, 2014, still lower than the moso bamboo sap, which was likely due to the scale of sap production of monopodial bamboos being different from that of sympodial bamboos. In January, trace amounts of sap were still detected, suggesting that the effect of the treatment was significant. Moreover,in the dry season, soil water content and soil temperatures at 10-15 cm depths indicated that the fertilizer had the ability to maintain soil temperatures and moisture. In both fertilizer treatments, the correlation between the collected sap and environmental parameters was significant. In the ZT treatment for the entire 2 years, the effectual environ- mental factors were soil water at 10-15 cm, air tempera- tures, and wind speeds. The same determining factors were observed for the rainy season. In the CK treatments, the effectual environmental factors for the entire year and the rainy season were soil water at 0-5 cm and air moisture. The bamboo charcoal-based bio-fertilizer elevated the potassium, calcium, iron, manganese, copper, and total phosphorus content, simultaneously increasing the sap yield, protein and reducing sugar contents, and with a relative increase in sap pH. The wine bamboo sap con- tained 18 amino acids. Glutamic acid, alanine and proline were the most abundant. Compared to the controls, the treatment showed higher levels of all amino acids. Thus, the ZT treatment could be more beneficial to the development of root systems because the function of heat preservation and moisture retention prolong the sap collection period, increase sap yields, and elevate mineral element, conventional nutrients, and amino acid contents with evident fertilization effects and broader application prospects.

The Effect of Bamboo Charcoal Application on Soil Nutrients and Heavy Metals in Rice

Soil heavy metal pollution is becoming more and more serious.Biomass charcoal application can play an important role in alleviating the toxicity of heavy metals in soils.Compared with other biochar,bamboo charcoal has more unique properties and may have a unique effect on heavy metal pollution.Zhejiang Province of Southeastern China is rich in bamboo resources.However,few studies related to bamboo charcoal application for heavy metal remediation in farmland were reported.In this study,four treatments with different amounts of bamboo charcoal application were set up through a field experiment,namely BC0(no bamboo charcoal application),BC1(2500 kg⋅ha^(−1)),BC2(5000 kg⋅ha^(−1)),and BC3(10000 kg⋅ha^(−1)),and each treatment was replicated three times.The results showed that(1)The application of bamboo charcoal significantly increased the soil pH and organic matter content.Compared with BC0,the pH and organic content of BC3 increased by 7.4%and 17.4%(P<0.05)respectively.(2)The HCl-extractable Cd content of paddy soil in the BC1 treatment was significantly lower than other treatments(P<0.05),and decreased by 15.3%,compared with BC0.The soil HCl-extractable Zn and Cu content did not differ significantly between treatments(P>0.05).(3)With the increase of bamboo charcoal application,the Cd content in rice gradually decreased,the BC3 treatment significantly decreased by 39.0%(P<0.05),and the Zn and Cu contents in rice did not differ significantly between treatments(P>0.05),compared with BC0.(4)Soil pH,organic matter and Cd in rice seeds were significantly negatively correlated(P<0.01).The heavy metal content in rice does not change with the change of heavy metal content with HCl-extractable state in soil.It means bamboo charcoal does not reduce heavy metal content in rice by simply declining the heavy metal content with HCl-extractable state.The mechanism of action is relatively complicated,and further study is needed.

Study on Applications of Nanotechnology in Bamboo Charcoal Fibre

Nanotechnology (NT) deals with materials from 1 to 100 nm in length. Internationaly, NT is defined as the understanding, manipulation, and control of matter at the length mentioned above, thus, the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the materials (individual atoms, molecules, and bulk matter) can be engineered, synthesized, and altered to develop the next generation of improved materials, devices, structures, and systems. NT at the molecular level can be used to develop desired textile with special feature, such as high strength, unique surface structure, soft feeling, durability, water resistance, incombustibility, antimicrobial property, and so on. Indeed, NT has created numerous opportunities and challenges in the need of research, by the advancing of the technology in textile industry of China and the importing of bamboo charcoal fibers of nanotechnology from foreign countries. This paper focuses on summarizing recent applications of NT, its characters and functional test for bamboo charcoal fibers.

Effect of bamboo charcoal filler on the performance of microbial fuel cell

微生物燃料电池（MFC）的阳极对提高MFC产电性能有至关重要的影响.利用竹炭比表面积大、吸附能力强等特性,将其作为“三合一”膜电极MFC的阳极填充材料,通过增大阳极比表面积来提高其产电能力.实验结果表明,加入竹炭至阳极室后,MFC最高输出电压（外接电阻1 000Ω时）由0.280V增大到0.387V,提高了38.2％,并且输出电压更加稳定;而最大功率密度也由原来的0.22 W/m3增大到1.42 W/m3,同时内阻降低了80.85％（由235 Ω降为45 Ω）;库仑效率由15.0％增大到25.6％.说明MF℃阳极室填充竹炭可以显著促进MFC的产电性能.

Impacts of dietary supplementation of bamboo vinegar and charcoal powder on growth performance,intestinal morphology,and gut microflora of large-scale loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus

Although accumulating data demonstrate that dietary supplementation of bamboo vinegar and charcoal powder(BVC)can significantly strengthen the immunity and boost the growth of domestic animals,its application potency still awaits verification in commercial fish species such as the large-scale loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus.The impacts of 90-day dietary supplementation of 1%and 2%BVC on survival and growth performance of the loach,and on the intestinal morphological characteristics and gut microflora were analyzed.Our data show that the large-scale loach supplied with BVC at the experimental doses had significant higher survival rates and better growth performance(indicated by greater weight gain(1.13–1.14 times),higher specific growth rate(1.04 times),and lower feed conversion ratio(0.88–0.89 times))compared to that of the control(P<0.05).Histological examination revealed significant longer villus(3.22–5.54 times),deeper crypt(1.77–1.87 times),and thicker muscle(1.59–3.17 times)in the intestines of large-scale loach fed with BVC(P<0.05).Furthermore,we found that the gut microflora consisted of significantly fewer proportions of potential pathogenic bacterial species(Aeromonas veronii and Escherichia coli),but significantly greater proportions of beneficial microbes(Lactococus raffinolactis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii).Therefore,dietary intake of BVC can promote intestinal tract development and optimize gut microflora,by which the survival and growth of large-scale loach may be improved.

Study on the adsorption of lanthanum(Ⅲ) from aqueous solution by bamboo charcoal

The adsorption behaviors of La(Ⅲ) ion on bamboo charcoal were investigated with various chemical methods and IR spectrometry. Parameters studied include the effects of pH,average particle size,initial ion concentration,contact time and temperature by batch method. The results showed that bamboo charcoal could remove La(Ⅲ) ions effectively from aqueous solution. The loading of La(Ⅲ) ions was strongly dependent on pH of the medium and the optimal adsorption condition was in HNO3-TEA medium with pH value of 7.20. In the batch system,the modified bamboo charcoal exhibited the highest La(Ⅲ) ion uptake as 120 mg/g at 298 K,at an initial pH value of 7.20. The adsorption kinetics were tested with Lagergren-first-order model and pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption data were conformed to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms,and the correlation coefficients had been evaluated. Thermodynamic parameters such as free energy(ΔG) ,which were all negative,indicated that the adsorption of La(Ⅲ) ion onto bamboo charcoal was spontaneous and the positive value of enthalpy(ΔH) showed that the adsorption was endothermic in nature. Thomas model was applied to experimental column data to determine the characteristic parameters of column useful for process design. The characterization of both before and after adsorption of La(Ⅲ) ion on bamboo charcoal was undertaken using IR spectroscopic technique. The results revealed that bamboo charcoal was a good choice as a biosorbent for the recovery of lanthanum from aqueous solution.

Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution with bamboo charcoal chemically modified by iron and cobalt with the assistance of microwave

Bamboo charcoal （BC） was used as starting material to prepare Co-Fe binary oxideloaded adsorbent （Co-Fe-MBC） through its impregnation in Co（NO3）2 , FeCl3 and HNO3 solutions simultaneously, followed by microwave heating. The low-cost composite was characterized and used as an adsorbent for Cr（VI） removal from water. The results showed that a cobalt and iron binary oxide （CoFe2O4 ） was uniformly formed on the BC through redox reactions. The composite exhibited higher surface area （331 m2/g） than that of BC or BC loaded with Fe alone （Fe-MBC）. The adsorption of Cr（VI） strongly depended on solution pH, temperature and ionic strength. The adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir isotherm model well, and the maximum adsorption capacities for Cr（VI） at 288 K and pH 5.0 were 35.7 and 51.7 mg/g for Fe-MBC and Co-Fe-MBC, respectively. The adsorption processes were well fitted by the pseudo second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of Cr（VI） onto both adsorbents was feasible, spontaneous, and exothermic under the studied conditions. The spent Co-Fe-MBC could be readily regenerated for reuse.

Pb(Ⅱ) removal from water using Fe-coated bamboo charcoal with the assistance of microwaves

Bamboo charcoal（BC） was used as starting material to prepare iron-modified bamboo charcoal（Fe-MBC） by its impregnation in FeCl 3 and HNO 3 solutions simultaneously,followed by microwave heating.The material can be used as an adsorbent for Pb（Ⅱ） contaminants removal in water.The composites were prepared with Fe molar concentration of 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 mol/L and characterized by means of N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms,X-ray diffraction spectroscopy（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry（SEM-EDS）,Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） and point of zero charge（pH pzc） measurements.Nitrogen adsorption analyses showed that the BET specific surface area and total pore volume increased with iron impregnation.The adsorbent with Fe molar concentration of 2 mol/L（2Fe-MBC） exhibited the highest surface area and produced the best pore structure.The Pb（Ⅱ） adsorption process of 2Fe-MBC and BC were evaluated in batch experiments and 2Fe-MBC showed an excellent adsorption capability for removal Pb（Ⅱ）.The adsorption of Pb（Ⅱ） strongly depended on solution pH,with maximum values at pH 5.0.The ionic strength had a significant effect on the adsorption at pH 〈 6.0.The adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir isotherm model well,and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb（Ⅱ） was 200.38 mg/g for 2Fe-MBC.The adsorption processes were well fitted by a pseudo second-order kinetic model.Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of Pb（Ⅱ） onto Fe-MBC was feasible,spontaneous,and exothermic under the studied conditions,and the ion exchange mechanism played an significant role.These results have important implications for the design of low-cost and effective adsorbents in the removal of Pb（Ⅱ） from wastewater.

Bamboo charcoal addition enhanced the nitrogen removal of anammox granular sludge with COD:Performance,physicochemical characteristics and microbial community

The effects of different chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentrations on the anammox granular sludge with Bamboo Charcoal(BC)addition were evaluated in UASB reactor.The results showed that the average total nitrogen(TN)removal efficiency was reduced from 85.9%to 81.4%when COD concentration was increased from 50 to 150 mg/L.However,the TN removal efficiency of BC addition reactors was dramatically 3.1%-6.4%higher than that without BC under different COD concentrations.The average diameter of granular sludge was 0.13 mm higher than that without BC.The settling velocity was increased by elevated COD concentration,while the EPS and VSS/SS were increased with BC addition.The high-throughput Miseq sequencing analyses revealed that the bacterial diversity and richness were decreased under COD addition,and the Planctomycetes related to anammox bacteria were Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia.The Metagenomic sequencing indicated that the abundance of denitrification related functional genes all increased with elevated COD,while the abundance of anammox related functional genes of decreased.The func-tional genes related to anammox was hydrazine synthase encoding genes(hzsA,hzsB and hzsB).The average relative abundance of hzs genes in the reactor with BC addition was higher than the control at COD concentrations of 50 mg/L and 150 mg/L.The functional genes of denitrification mediated by BC were higher than those without BC throughout the operation phase.It is interesting to note that BC addition greatly enriched the related func-tional genes of denitrification and anammox.

Enhancement of Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activities of ZnO：Ag Nanopowders Through the Addition of Bamboo Charcoal： An Efficient Natural Adsorbent

This research article explains the removal of methylene blue （MB） and malachite green （MG） from aqueous solution using adsorption/photodegradation activity of ZnO：Ag/bamboo charcoal （BC） nanocomposite. In addition, the antibacterial studies of the prepared samples were tested against Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus） Gram-positive and Escherichia coli （E. coli） Gram-negative bacteria by the well diffusion method. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite exhibits superior photocatalytic activity compared with ZnO：Ag. Remarkable degradation efficiencies of 93.95% （MB） and 95.75% （MG） were recorded for ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite after 45 min. The degradation process follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics. The rate constant of ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite is two times greater than that of pristine ZnO nanopowder for the degradation of MB dye, while for MG dye degradation, it is three times. It is found that the ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite shows a higher rate of dye removal due to excellent adsorbing properties of bamboo charcoal （BC）. The ZnO：Ag/BC nanocomposite showed better antibacterial properties compared to ZnO：Ag. In this study, the samples were prepared using a simple and low-cost soft chemical route and they were characterized by optical, structural, surface morphological, antibacterial and photocatalytic properties. These characterization studies substantiate the discussions on the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of the synthesized samples.

Bamboo charcoal fused with polyurethane foam for efficiently removing organic solvents from wastewater:experimental and simulation

The development of a multifunctional oil adsorbing material which could effectively and quickly separate oily wastewater is one of the focuses in water environment restoration.In this study,bamboo charcoal(BC)was used as an improver to modify polyurethane(PU)foam.The results of scanning electron microscope(SEM)and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)revealed that the addition of BC could effectively improve the mechanical properties of PU.The adsorption data exhibited that the BC-loaded PU(BC/PU)foam composites effectively removed seven organic solvents(OSs,including octane,petroleum ether,soybean oil,chlorobenzene,1,2-dichloroethane,n-hexane,cyclohexane),and the maximum adsorption capacity of BC/PU was 23.6 g g^(−1)when BC content was 5%.The order of pseudo-second-order kinetic constants and maximum adsorption capacity of seven OSs was octane<petroleum ether<soybean oil<chlorobenzene<1,2-dichloroethane<cyclohexane<n-hexane.Based on the experimental data and density functional theory(DFT)simulation,the adsorption mechanism of OSs on BC/PU-5 was discussed.The EHOMO andμof OSs calculated by DFT were highly correlated with absorption affinity(K_(2),Q_(e)and Q_(max)).Hence,the contribution of OSs to the adsorption efficiency of BC/PU-5 may be mainly due to electron donor-acceptor(EDA)interaction and non-hydrophobic interaction.In addition,the adsorption capacity did not change significantly after repeated recycling 5 times.Overall,the prepared BC/PU foam composites could be used as a potential candidate for separating OSs in engineering applications.

Dietary intake of bamboo vinegar and charcoal powder(BVC)enhances resistance of African catfi sh Clarias gariepinus to bacterial pathogen

Although the immunomodulatory activity of bamboo vinegar and charcoal powder(BVC)has been increasingly documented in domestic animals,the use of BVC as immunostimulant in fi sh aquaculture awaits verifi cation.In the present study,the immunostimulatory impacts of dietary BVC intake were investigated in an important aquaculture fi sh species,the African catfi sh Clarias gariepinus.Results show that the pathogen resistance of African catfi sh was signifi cantly improved by dietary BVC intake at the tested levels(0.5%-2%),as indicated by higher survival rates(approximately 1.52-1.85 times that without BVC supplementation)upon intraperitoneally injection of bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila.In addition,both the count and phagocytic activity of blood cells were signifi cantly up-regulated by a 45-day dietary supplementation of BVC.Moreover,compared to that of the control,fi sh individuals fed BVC containing diets exhibited signifi cant higher activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),myeloperoxidase(MPO),and lysozyme(LYZ).The content of immunoglobulin M(IgM)in serum of African catfi sh was also induced by dietary BVC supplementation.Furthermore,the expression levels of interleukin-8(IL-8),toll-like receptor 1 and 5(TLR1 and TLR5),myeloid diff erentiation factor 88(MyD88),and nuclear factor kappa B(NFκB)in the head kidney were signifi cantly up-regulated.Our fi ndings indicate BVC could be an eff ective immunostimulant in teleost species,which may enhance fi sh immunity through improving hematic parameters,activating bioactive humoral molecules,and up-regulating immune related molecular pathways.

灰竹炭纤维/大麻纤维/Coolplus纤维/棉精梳混纺柔洁纱的可纺性研究与生产实践

本文结合生产实践,通过设备改造和半制品及纱测试,分析和讨论各因素对灰竹炭纤维/大麻纤维/Coolplus纤维/棉精梳混纺柔洁纱质量的影响,研究前纺工序和细纱工序通过优化工艺参数、采用新型纺纱专件、合理控制车间的温湿度等,明显地提高了灰竹炭纤维/大麻纤维/Coolplus纤维/棉精梳混纺柔洁纱质量。

喷气涡流纺长片段竹节段彩纱的设计与生产

探讨有色超短纤维在喷气涡流纺花式纱开发中的应用及生产要点。采用有色粘胶超短纤维与本色竹浆纤维、椰炭改性涤纶纤维,在并条机上加装竹节装置,利用喷气涡流纺纱技术纺制成长片段竹节段彩纱。针对粘胶纤维长度相对较短的特点,工艺上尝试采用短流程、减小隔距、降低打击件速度等技术措施。结果表明:开发的喷气涡流纺段彩纱具有段彩片段长、生产效率高的特点,其在布面上色点朦胧,时而形成连续分布,时而散点分布,形成不同于传统段彩纱的独特风格。

竹炭掺杂铋系光催化剂的制备及其对有机污染物的降解研究

本研究以竹浆备料废弃物为原料,通过磷酸活化法制得竹炭,再利用水热法制备了竹炭/BiOCl复合催化剂,并探究了竹炭添加量和水热温度对复合催化剂光催化性能的影响。结果表明,竹炭保留了竹子本身的孔道结构,改变竹炭的添加量可实现对竹炭/BiOCl复合催化剂形貌的调控,为吸附污染物提供了良好的条件。竹炭和BiOCl之间发生的强相互作用,显著改善了BiOCl的吸附-光催化性能和氧空位含量,提高了光生电子传输效率,从而优化了复合催化剂的光催化降解效果。在水热温度140℃和竹炭添加量5%的条件下所制复合催化剂5BC-140,其可见光催化性能最佳,对罗丹明B的去除率在30 min内即可达86.5%,一阶动力学常数k为BiOCl的4.2倍,且具有优异的稳定性和可循环性能。

竹炭配煤成型活性炭吸附性能研究

【目的】为了探究煤与生物质配比对制备成型活性炭的颗粒强度、表观密度、碘吸附值、亚甲基蓝吸附值以及孔隙结构等影响。【方法】该研究以竹炭配煤制备成型炭,经过水蒸气活化制备颗粒活性炭,采用扫描电镜(Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM)、热重法(Thermogravimetry,TG)、氮气等温吸脱附等表征手段深入分析竹炭配煤成型活性炭的理化特性。【结果】竹炭引入会提高成型活性炭的碘吸附值、亚甲基蓝吸附值,降低成型活性炭强度、表观密度,影响成型活性炭的使用效果。【结论】当煤炭∶竹炭为1∶3时,吸附性能与强度指标均满足要求,此时活性炭碘吸附值以及亚甲基蓝吸附值分别为934.7、165 mg·g^(-1),强度为86.4%,达到饮用水国标规定,具有良好的商业应用前景。

基于rGO/BB水凝胶粒子电极的三维电化学吸附碳酸铀酰离子研究

铀的采冶过程中,会产生大量的含铀废水,容易造成地下水的污染。在受污染的地下水中,铀常与碳酸盐结合形成扩散性更强、迁移性更高的碳酸铀酰络合物,这使得铀的去除变得更加困难。将氧化石墨烯和竹炭共混,通过低温水热还原反应将竹炭组装至还原氧化石墨烯水凝胶的骨架上,制备具有三维多孔结构的rGO/BB水凝胶。将rGO/BB水凝胶作为三维电化学系统中的粒子电极,探究电解质(硝酸钠)浓度、外加电压、极板间距、pH和rGO/BB水凝胶粒子电极用量等因素对三维电化学系统吸附碳酸铀酰离子性能的影响。实验结果表明,在pH4~8、极板间距4cm、电压5 V、rGO/BB水凝胶用量90mg的条件下,对200mL浓度为1~1000 mg·L^(-1)的碳酸铀酰均具有良好的吸附率,即使当碳酸铀酰浓度为1000 mg·L^(-1)时,14 h吸附率依然可以达到87.56%。经过5次吸附解吸循环后,吸附率仍然保持在87%以上,具有较好的循环再生性能。引入和使用rGO/BB水凝胶粒子电极显著提高了电化学系统对铀的吸附能力,其中羧基和羟基对铀吸附发挥着重要作用。这些结果说明,基于rGO/BB水凝胶粒子电极的三维电化学系统对去除碳酸铀酰离子具有很大的应用潜力。