In order to improve the effectiveness of the artificial intelligence （AI） planning based web service composition problem, a business domain oriented AI planning algorithm for web service composition is introduced. T...In order to improve the effectiveness of the artificial intelligence （AI） planning based web service composition problem, a business domain oriented AI planning algorithm for web service composition is introduced. The algorithm uses the proposed business relation model to minimize the searching space and uses the proposed goal distance as a heuristic rule. Compared with other algorithms tackling web service composition such as AI planning, the proposed algorithm focuses not only on how to convert the web service composition problem to the AI planning problem, but also exerts its effort on how to apply the business feature of web service composition into planning in order to improve the effectiveness. The experiment shows the better performance of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
A SWOT analysis is the method to evaluate the internal weaknesses and strengths of an organization as well as evaluating the threats and opportunities of its external environment.This is considered as an effective fra...A SWOT analysis is the method to evaluate the internal weaknesses and strengths of an organization as well as evaluating the threats and opportunities of its external environment.This is considered as an effective framework to plan and manage the organizational resources to achieve certain goals in a specific period of time.The purpose of implementing SWOT analysis in an organization is to formulate the strategy of a business based on existing internal and external factors.There may be several disadvantages associated with running a SWOT analysis;however,its efficiency in determining the future strategy of a business is more indeed.Although the origin of SWOT analysis is uncertain,there is a long historical background about its uses to facilitate the decision-making process in every complex environment.The final result of a SWOT analysis can be presented in a matrix which is a combination of the four factors and determines strengths and weaknesses that a company involves,with opportunities and threats that it may face.This article provides a study of SWOT analysis basics and provides several practical insights of steps to provide a SWOT matrix.展开更多
Instructional planning gives teachers control over teaching/learning process and assures learning achievement. However, instructional planning and the linkage to learning achievement remain deficient in literature. Th...Instructional planning gives teachers control over teaching/learning process and assures learning achievement. However, instructional planning and the linkage to learning achievement remain deficient in literature. This study assessed factors influencing teachers＇ decision to plan lessons, and effect of lesson planning on learning achievement. Primary data were obtained from 341 teachers of business studies. Bivariate analysis obtained cross-tabulations with Chisquare （χ2） and One-way Analysis of Variance （ANOVA）; while multivariate analysis obtained β coefficients and odds ratios. The study found that average workload accounted for the highest variance in the availability of lesson plans at 8.5%, suggesting that reducing workload is likely to increase the proportion of those planning their teaching by up to 8.5%, followed by professional experience （7.6%）, lesson plan inspection frequency （6.9%）, professional training （5.9%）, administrative duties （5.8%）, and teacher motivation （4.7%）. The adjusted regression model explained 46.5% of variance in availability of lesson plans. The study recommends： higher budgetary allocation for Teachers＇ Service Commission to hire more teachers; school boards to generate supplementary resources and hire trained teachers; regular spot checks on lesson plans; and appropriate motivation for teachers.展开更多
Business Planning(BP)is a series of innovative activitiesfor designing a modern company.This paper deals withthe basic tasks of BP and Information System Planning(ISP).Then it presents the features of BP based on Bus-...Business Planning(BP)is a series of innovative activitiesfor designing a modern company.This paper deals withthe basic tasks of BP and Information System Planning(ISP).Then it presents the features of BP based on Bus-iness Process Reengineering(BPR),and puts forwardthe idea that modern BP should center on process inno-vation and be integrated with ISP.At the end of this pa-per,the fundamental work of modern BP.BusinessModel,Data Model and Process Model are discussed.展开更多
基金The National Key Technologies R & D Program of China during the 10th Five-Year Plan Period(No2004BA721A05)
文摘In order to improve the effectiveness of the artificial intelligence （AI） planning based web service composition problem, a business domain oriented AI planning algorithm for web service composition is introduced. The algorithm uses the proposed business relation model to minimize the searching space and uses the proposed goal distance as a heuristic rule. Compared with other algorithms tackling web service composition such as AI planning, the proposed algorithm focuses not only on how to convert the web service composition problem to the AI planning problem, but also exerts its effort on how to apply the business feature of web service composition into planning in order to improve the effectiveness. The experiment shows the better performance of the proposed algorithm.
文摘A SWOT analysis is the method to evaluate the internal weaknesses and strengths of an organization as well as evaluating the threats and opportunities of its external environment.This is considered as an effective framework to plan and manage the organizational resources to achieve certain goals in a specific period of time.The purpose of implementing SWOT analysis in an organization is to formulate the strategy of a business based on existing internal and external factors.There may be several disadvantages associated with running a SWOT analysis;however,its efficiency in determining the future strategy of a business is more indeed.Although the origin of SWOT analysis is uncertain,there is a long historical background about its uses to facilitate the decision-making process in every complex environment.The final result of a SWOT analysis can be presented in a matrix which is a combination of the four factors and determines strengths and weaknesses that a company involves,with opportunities and threats that it may face.This article provides a study of SWOT analysis basics and provides several practical insights of steps to provide a SWOT matrix.
文摘Instructional planning gives teachers control over teaching/learning process and assures learning achievement. However, instructional planning and the linkage to learning achievement remain deficient in literature. This study assessed factors influencing teachers＇ decision to plan lessons, and effect of lesson planning on learning achievement. Primary data were obtained from 341 teachers of business studies. Bivariate analysis obtained cross-tabulations with Chisquare （χ2） and One-way Analysis of Variance （ANOVA）; while multivariate analysis obtained β coefficients and odds ratios. The study found that average workload accounted for the highest variance in the availability of lesson plans at 8.5%, suggesting that reducing workload is likely to increase the proportion of those planning their teaching by up to 8.5%, followed by professional experience （7.6%）, lesson plan inspection frequency （6.9%）, professional training （5.9%）, administrative duties （5.8%）, and teacher motivation （4.7%）. The adjusted regression model explained 46.5% of variance in availability of lesson plans. The study recommends： higher budgetary allocation for Teachers＇ Service Commission to hire more teachers; school boards to generate supplementary resources and hire trained teachers; regular spot checks on lesson plans; and appropriate motivation for teachers.
文摘Business Planning(BP)is a series of innovative activitiesfor designing a modern company.This paper deals withthe basic tasks of BP and Information System Planning(ISP).Then it presents the features of BP based on Bus-iness Process Reengineering(BPR),and puts forwardthe idea that modern BP should center on process inno-vation and be integrated with ISP.At the end of this pa-per,the fundamental work of modern BP.BusinessModel,Data Model and Process Model are discussed.
