A 12bit 300MHz Current-Steering CMOS D/A Converter

The proposed DAC consists of a unit current-cell matrix for 8MSBs and a binary-weighted array for 4LSBs,trading-off between the precision,speed,and size of the chip.In order to ensure the linearity of the DAC,a double Centro symmetric current matrix is designed by the Q2 random walk strategy.To achieve better dynamic performance,a latch is added in front of the current switch to change the input signal,such as its optimal cross-point and voltage level.For a 12bit resolution,the converter reaches an update rate of 300MHz.

A 14-bit 250-MS/s current-steering CMOS digital-to-analog converter

A 14-bit 250-MS/s current-steering digital-to-analog converter（DAC） was fabricated in a 0.13μm CMOS process.In conventional high-speed current-steering DACs,the spurious-free dynamic range（SFDR） is limited by nonlinear distortions in the code-dependent switching glitches.In this paper,the bottleneck is mitigated by the time-relaxed interleaving digital-random-return-to-zero（TRI-DRRZ）.Under 250-MS/s sampling rate,the measured SFDR is 86.2 dB at 5.5-MHz signal frequency and 77.8 dB up to 122 MHz.The DAC occupies an active area of 1.58 mm2 and consumes 226 mW from a mixed power supply of 1.2/2.5 V.

A low glitch 12-bit current-steering CMOS DAC for CNC systems

A 12-bit, 100-MHz CMOS current-steering D/A converter for CNC （computer number control） systems is presented. To reduce the glitch and increase the SFDR （spurious-free dynamic range）, a low crosspoint switch driver and a special dummy switch are applied. In addition, a 4-5-3 segmental structure is used to optimize the performance and layout area. After improvement, the biggest glitch energy decreased from 6.7 pVs to 1.7 pVs, the INL decreased from 2 LSB to 0.8 LSB, the SFDR is 78 dB at a 100-MSPS clock rate and 1 MHz output frequency. This DAC can deliver up to 20.8 mA full-scale current into a 50 Ω load. The power when operating at full-scale current is 163 mW. The layout area is 1.8 × 1.8 mm2 in a standard 0.35-um CMOS technology.

An IP-oriented 11-bit 160 MS/s 2-channel current-steering DAC

This paper presents an 11-bit 160 MS/s 2-channel current-steering digital-to-analog converter（DAC）IP. The circuit and layout are carefully designed to optimize its performance and area. A 6-2-3 segmented structure is used for the trade-off among linearity, area and layout complexity. The sizes of current source transistors are calculated out according to the process matching parameter. The unary current cells are placed in a one-dimension distribution to simplify the layout routing, spare area and wiring layer. Their sequences are also carefully designed to reduce integral nonlinearity. The test result presents an SFDR of 72 dBc at 4.88 MHz input signal with DNL ≤60.25 LSB, INL ≤6 0.8 LSB. The full-scale output current is 5 m A with a 2.5 V analog power supply. The core of each channel occupies 0.08 mm^2 in a 1P-8M 55 nm CMOS process.

A 400-MS/s 12-bit current-steering D/A converter

This paper presents a 400-MS/s 12-bit CMOS current-steering digital-to-analog converter （DAC）. The proposed DAC adapts 6＋2＋4 segmented architecture and a modified switching scheme to improve dynamic and static performance. The measured spurious-free dynamic range is up to 77.18 dB at 400 MS/s with a 10 MHz input signal. The full-scale output current is 20 mA with a 1.8 V single power supply. The core area occupies 0.6 mm2 in a standard 1P-6M 0.18-μm CMOS process.

Design and verification of a 10-bit 1.2-V 100-MSPS D/A IP core based on a 0.13-μm low power CMOS process

Based on a low supply voltage curvature-compensated bandgap reference and central symmetry Q;random walk NMOS current source layout routing method,a 1.2-V 10-bit 100-MSPS CMOS current-steering digital-to-analog converter is implemented in a SMIC 0.13-μm CMOS process.The total consumption is only 10 mW from a single 1.2-V power supply,and the integral and differential nonlinearity are measured to be less than 1 LSB and 0.5 LSB, respectively.When the output signal frequency is 1-5 MHz at 100-MSPS sampling rate,the SFDR is measured to be 70 dB.The die area is about 0.2 mm;.

A 14-bit 500-MS/s DAC with digital background calibration

Thelinearityofcurrent-steeringdigital-to-analogconverters（DACs）atlowsignalfrequenciesismainly limited by matching properties of current sources, so large-size current source arrays are widely used for better matching. This, however, results in large gradient errors and parasitic capacitance, which degrade the spurious free dynamic range（SFDR） for high-frequency signals. To overcome this problem, calibration is an effective method.In this paper, a digital background calibration technique for current-steering DACs is presented and verified by a 14-bit DAC in a 0.13 m standard CMOS process. The measured differential nonlinearity（DNL） and integral nonlinearity（INL） are 0.4 LSB and 1.2 LSB, respectively. At 500-MS/s, the SFDR is 70 dB and 50.3 dB for signals of 5.4 MHz and 224 MHz, respectively. The core area is 0.69 mm2and the power consumption is 165 mW from a mixed power supply with 1.2 V and 3.3 V.

A 2.5 GS/s 14-bit D/A converter with 8 to 1 MUX

A 2.5 GS/s 14-bit D/A converter（DAC） with 8 to 1 MUX is presented. This 14-bit DAC uses a ＂5＋9＂segment PMOS current-steering architecture. A bias circuit which ensures the PMOS current source obtains a larger output impedance under every PVT（process, source voltage and temperature） corner is also presented. The8 to 1 MUX has a 3 stage structure, and a proper timing sequence is designed to ensure reliable data synthesis. A DEM function which is merged with a ＂5-31＂decoder is used to improve the DAC＇s dynamic performance. This DAC is embedded in a 2.5 GHz direct digital frequency synthesizer（DDS） chip, and is implemented in a 0.18 m CMOS technology, occupies 4.86 2. 28 mm-2 including bond pads（DAC only）, and the measured performance is SFDR 〉 40 d B（with and without DEM） for output signal frequency up to 1 GHz. Compared with other present published DACs with a non-analog-resample structure（means return-to-zero or quad-switch structure is unutilized）,this paper DAC＇s clock frequency（2.5 GHz） and higher output frequency SFDR（〉 40 d B, up to 1 GHz） has some competition.

A 6-bit 4 GS/s pseudo-thermometer segmented CMOS DAC

A 6-bit 4 GS/s, high-speed and power-efficient DAC for ultra-high-speed transceivers in 60 GHz band millimeter wave technology is presented. A novel pseudo-thermometer architecture is proposed to realize a good compromise between the fast conversion speed and the chip area. Symmetrical and compact floor planning and layout techniques including tree-like routing, cross-quading and common-centroid method are adopted to guarantee the chip is fully functional up to near-Nyquist frequency in a standard 0.18 #m CMOS process. Post simulation results corroborate the feasibility of the designed DAC, which can perform good static and dynamic linearity without calibration. DNL errors and INL errors can be controlled within 4-0.28 LSB and 4-0.26 LSB, respectively. SFDR at 4 GHz clock frequency for a 1.9 GHz near-Nyquist sinusoidal output signal is 40.83 dB and the power dissipation is less than 37 roW.