One of the outstanding features of neuron is that axon lacks the ability to synthesize protein. The structural and functional materials needed for axonal regeneration have to be prepared in its cell body, and then sup...One of the outstanding features of neuron is that axon lacks the ability to synthesize protein. The structural and functional materials needed for axonal regeneration have to be prepared in its cell body, and then supplied by axoplasmic transport. From this point, axoplasmic transport not only provides a material source but also serves as an important modulator for nerve regeneration. Some studies have been reported about the changes展开更多
Previous studies show that actin-binding Rho activating protein （Abra） is expressed in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we investigated the expression profile of Abra in the central ne...Previous studies show that actin-binding Rho activating protein （Abra） is expressed in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we investigated the expression profile of Abra in the central nervous system of normal adult rats by confocal immunofluorescence. Results showed that Abra immunostaining was located in neuronal nuclei, cytoplasm and processes in the central nervous system, with the strongest staining in the nuclei; in the cerebral cortex, Abra positive neuronal bodies and processes were distributed in six cortical layers including molecular layer, external granular layer, external pyramidal layer, internal granular layer, internal pyramidal layer and polymorphic layer; in the hippocampus, the cell bodies of Abra positive neurons were distributed evenly in pyramidal layer and granular layer, with positive processes in molecular layer and orien layer; in the cerebellar cortex, Abra staining showed the positive neuronal cell bodies in Purkinje cell layer and granular layer and positive processes in molecular layer; in the spinal cord, Abra-immunopositive products covered the whole gray matter and white matter; co-localization studies showed that Abra was co-stained with F-actin in neuronal cytoplasm and processes, but weakly in the nuclei. In addition, in the hippocampus, Abra was co-stained with F-actin only in neuronal processes, but not in the cell body. This study for the first time presents a comprehensive overview of Abra expression in the central nervous system, providing insights for further investigating the role of Abra in the mature central nervous system.展开更多
We succeeded in performing of hybrid Scanning Probe Microscopy (hybrid-SPM) in which mechanical-SPM andfluorescence microscopy are combined. This technique is able to measure simultaneously mechanical properties anddi...We succeeded in performing of hybrid Scanning Probe Microscopy (hybrid-SPM) in which mechanical-SPM andfluorescence microscopy are combined. This technique is able to measure simultaneously mechanical properties anddistribution of cytoskeletons of living cells by using green fluorescent protein. We measured evolution of both local elasticityand distributions of actin stress fibers in an identical fibroblast living in physiological conditions. The SPM experimentsrevealed that stiffer lines develop in living cells, which correspond to actin stress fibers. The elasticity of the actin stressfibers is as high as 100 kPa. We discuss mechanical effects on the development of actin filament networks.展开更多
Cytoskeletal proteins are involved in neuronal survival.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor can increase expression of cytoskeletal proteins during regeneration after axonal injury.However,the effect of neural stem cell...Cytoskeletal proteins are involved in neuronal survival.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor can increase expression of cytoskeletal proteins during regeneration after axonal injury.However,the effect of neural stem cells genetically modified by brain-derived neurotrophic factor transplantation on neuronal survival in the injury site still remains unclear.To examine this,we established a rat model of traumatic brain injury by controlled cortical impact.At 72 hours after injury,2 × 10~7 cells/m L neural stem cells overexpressing brain-derived neurotrophic factor or naive neural stem cells（3 m L） were injected into the injured cortex.At 1–3 weeks after transplantation,expression of neurofilament 200,microtubule-associated protein 2,actin,calmodulin,and beta-catenin were remarkably increased in the injury sites.These findings confirm that brain-derived neurotrophic factor-transfected neural stem cells contribute to neuronal survival,growth,and differentiation in the injury sites.The underlying mechanisms may be associated with increased expression of cytoskeletal proteins and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.展开更多
HIV-1 matrix protein (MA) is a multifunctional structural protein localized on N terminus of Gag precursor p55. MA participates in HIV-1 assembly as membranotropic part of Gag precursor as well as an individual protei...HIV-1 matrix protein (MA) is a multifunctional structural protein localized on N terminus of Gag precursor p55. MA participates in HIV-1 assembly as membranotropic part of Gag precursor as well as an individual protein spliced from Gag early in infection. MA is found in the nuclei of infected cells and in plasma membrane, the site of virus assembly, in association with viral genome RNA. MA mutated variant M4 which contains two changed amino acids in N-terminal regions is also associated with viral RNA, but it is localized in the nuclear and cytoskeleton fractions but not in the plasma membrane suggesting that the mutant is deprived of membranotropic signal and “sticks” in the nuclei an d cytoskeleton, its previous location sites. These data allow suggesting that MA involved into transmission of viral RNA is transported to plasma membrane by cytoskeleton.展开更多
目的本研究主要分析细胞骨架相关蛋白2样蛋白(cytoskeleton associated protein 2 like protein,CKAP2L)在卵巢癌中的表达及临床意义。方法选取2018年2月至2020年5月在太原市中心医院行卵巢癌根治术的卵巢癌患者87例,收集其卵巢癌组织...目的本研究主要分析细胞骨架相关蛋白2样蛋白(cytoskeleton associated protein 2 like protein,CKAP2L)在卵巢癌中的表达及临床意义。方法选取2018年2月至2020年5月在太原市中心医院行卵巢癌根治术的卵巢癌患者87例,收集其卵巢癌组织及距癌灶边缘>2 cm的癌旁组织。实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)法测定卵巢癌组织及癌旁组织中CKAP2L的mRNA表达,免疫组化法分析卵巢癌组织及癌旁组织中CKAP2L的蛋白表达。Kaplan-Meier法分析卵巢癌组织中CKAP2L表达与患者预后的关系。结果CKAP2L在卵巢癌组织中mRNA表达显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。卵巢癌组织中CKAP2L的蛋白阳性表达率显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。卵巢癌组织中CKAP2L mRNA表达与患者肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移、FIGO分期、浸润深度有关(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier分析结果表明,卵巢癌患者3年总生存率为80.46%;CKAP2L低表达患者3年总生存率为显著高于CKAP2L高表达患者(Log-rankχ^(2)=8.316,P=0.004)。患者3年无复发生存率为77.01%;CKAP2L低表达患者3年无复发生存率显著高于CKAP2L高表达患者(Log-rankχ^(2)=8.921,P=0.003)。结论CKAP2L在卵巢癌组织中高表达,与FIGO分期、淋巴结转移等有关,是卵巢癌患者死亡的影响因素。展开更多
基金Project supportedby the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘One of the outstanding features of neuron is that axon lacks the ability to synthesize protein. The structural and functional materials needed for axonal regeneration have to be prepared in its cell body, and then supplied by axoplasmic transport. From this point, axoplasmic transport not only provides a material source but also serves as an important modulator for nerve regeneration. Some studies have been reported about the changes
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30971532Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China,No.20090162110063+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.09JJ5015the Scientific Research Program of Hunan Provincial Higher Education Institutes,No.110541
文摘Previous studies show that actin-binding Rho activating protein （Abra） is expressed in cardiomyocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we investigated the expression profile of Abra in the central nervous system of normal adult rats by confocal immunofluorescence. Results showed that Abra immunostaining was located in neuronal nuclei, cytoplasm and processes in the central nervous system, with the strongest staining in the nuclei; in the cerebral cortex, Abra positive neuronal bodies and processes were distributed in six cortical layers including molecular layer, external granular layer, external pyramidal layer, internal granular layer, internal pyramidal layer and polymorphic layer; in the hippocampus, the cell bodies of Abra positive neurons were distributed evenly in pyramidal layer and granular layer, with positive processes in molecular layer and orien layer; in the cerebellar cortex, Abra staining showed the positive neuronal cell bodies in Purkinje cell layer and granular layer and positive processes in molecular layer; in the spinal cord, Abra-immunopositive products covered the whole gray matter and white matter; co-localization studies showed that Abra was co-stained with F-actin in neuronal cytoplasm and processes, but weakly in the nuclei. In addition, in the hippocampus, Abra was co-stained with F-actin only in neuronal processes, but not in the cell body. This study for the first time presents a comprehensive overview of Abra expression in the central nervous system, providing insights for further investigating the role of Abra in the mature central nervous system.
基金This work is partially supported by the Special Funding for Basic Research, Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan, to K. K.
文摘We succeeded in performing of hybrid Scanning Probe Microscopy (hybrid-SPM) in which mechanical-SPM andfluorescence microscopy are combined. This technique is able to measure simultaneously mechanical properties anddistribution of cytoskeletons of living cells by using green fluorescent protein. We measured evolution of both local elasticityand distributions of actin stress fibers in an identical fibroblast living in physiological conditions. The SPM experimentsrevealed that stiffer lines develop in living cells, which correspond to actin stress fibers. The elasticity of the actin stressfibers is as high as 100 kPa. We discuss mechanical effects on the development of actin filament networks.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31300812 and No.31371218
文摘Cytoskeletal proteins are involved in neuronal survival.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor can increase expression of cytoskeletal proteins during regeneration after axonal injury.However,the effect of neural stem cells genetically modified by brain-derived neurotrophic factor transplantation on neuronal survival in the injury site still remains unclear.To examine this,we established a rat model of traumatic brain injury by controlled cortical impact.At 72 hours after injury,2 × 10~7 cells/m L neural stem cells overexpressing brain-derived neurotrophic factor or naive neural stem cells（3 m L） were injected into the injured cortex.At 1–3 weeks after transplantation,expression of neurofilament 200,microtubule-associated protein 2,actin,calmodulin,and beta-catenin were remarkably increased in the injury sites.These findings confirm that brain-derived neurotrophic factor-transfected neural stem cells contribute to neuronal survival,growth,and differentiation in the injury sites.The underlying mechanisms may be associated with increased expression of cytoskeletal proteins and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
文摘HIV-1 matrix protein (MA) is a multifunctional structural protein localized on N terminus of Gag precursor p55. MA participates in HIV-1 assembly as membranotropic part of Gag precursor as well as an individual protein spliced from Gag early in infection. MA is found in the nuclei of infected cells and in plasma membrane, the site of virus assembly, in association with viral genome RNA. MA mutated variant M4 which contains two changed amino acids in N-terminal regions is also associated with viral RNA, but it is localized in the nuclear and cytoskeleton fractions but not in the plasma membrane suggesting that the mutant is deprived of membranotropic signal and “sticks” in the nuclei an d cytoskeleton, its previous location sites. These data allow suggesting that MA involved into transmission of viral RNA is transported to plasma membrane by cytoskeleton.
