The present study was carried out in Jammu and Kashmir （India） and twelve sites spread across the entire state were selected. Variability studies in different seed sources of Cedrus deodara with respect to cone, see...The present study was carried out in Jammu and Kashmir （India） and twelve sites spread across the entire state were selected. Variability studies in different seed sources of Cedrus deodara with respect to cone, seed and seedling traits were studies. The studies revealed significant variation in different cone and seed characteristics studied. A negative correlation existed in cone diam- eter and cone weight with altitude. Seed morphological characteristics （seed length, width and weight）, seed germination and number of cotyledons which form the basis of selecting and delineating provenances also correlated negatively with altitude. Cone length and diameter, seed length and width and hypocotyl length increased from North to South and correlated negatively with latitude. The results further revealed the superiority ＆heavier cones and seeds with respect to seed germination. The study reveals that for delineating seed zones, provenance selection should be within an altitudinal range of 1500-1900 m a.s.l, and northern aspect seed sources be preferred.展开更多
The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of ion beams on pollen. Pollen grains of Cedrus deodara were implanted with 30 keV nitrogen ion beams at doses ranging from 1 × 10^15 ions/cm^2 to 15...The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of ion beams on pollen. Pollen grains of Cedrus deodara were implanted with 30 keV nitrogen ion beams at doses ranging from 1 × 10^15 ions/cm^2 to 15 × 10^15 ions/cm^2. The effects of N^＋ implantation on the pollen exine substructure were examined using an atomic force microscope （AFM）, and the structure and morphology of pollen and pollen tubes were observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope （LSCM）. AFM observations distinctly revealed the erosion of the pollen exine caused by N^＋ implantation in the micrometer to nanometer range. Typical results showed that the erosion degree was linearly proportional to the ion dose. Pollen germination experiments in vitro indicated that N^＋ implantation within a certain dose range increased the rate of pollen germination. The main abnormal phenomena in pollen tubes were also analyzed. Our results suggest that low energy ion implantation with suitable energy and dosage can be used to break the pollen wall to induce a transfer of exogenous DNA into the pollen without any damage to the cytoplasm and nuclei of the pollen. The present study suggests that a combination of the method of ion-beam-induced gene transfer and the pollen-tube pathway method （PTPW） would be a new plant transformation method.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide reference for plant landscaping,optimization of planting structure and rational allocation of species in Cedrus deodara gardens.[Methods]With three common garden plants ...[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide reference for plant landscaping,optimization of planting structure and rational allocation of species in Cedrus deodara gardens.[Methods]With three common garden plants in northern China,Trifolium repens L.,Poa pratensis L.and Trifolium pratense L.,as receptors,the effects of four concentrations(0.025,0.05,0.075 and 0.10 g/ml)of C.deodara needle extract on seed germination and early seedling growth of the three turfgrasses were studied by the Petri dish filter paper method,using a clear water treatment(0 g/ml)as control check(CK).Data were subjected to analysis of variance(ANOVA)and multiple comparisons(Duncan)using SPSS16.0.[Results]Different concentrations of C.deodara needle extract had significant inhibitory effects on seed germination,radicle and seedling height growth of T.repens,T.pratense and P.pratensis(P<0.05),and the inhibitory effects increased with the increase of concentration.When the concentration reached 0.075 g/ml,seed germination and seedling growth of T.repens stopped,and radicle and seedling growth of T.pratense and P.pratensis also stopped.When the concentration was equal to 0.10 g/ml,germination of T.pratense and P.pratensis seeds was inhibited,and the absolute values of allelopathic index was the largest,that is,the inhibitory effects were the largest.And with the increase of concentration,the absolute value of synthetical allelopathic index also increased.The extract of C.deodara needles contained main allelochemicals leading to the scarcity of understory vegetation.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for reasonable garden plant configuration during C.deodara greening and garden landscaping.展开更多
Objective To study the chemical constituents of flavonoids in pine needles of Cedrus deodara.Methods Flavonoids were isolated and purified from ethyl acetate extract of pine needles by chromatography on silica gel and...Objective To study the chemical constituents of flavonoids in pine needles of Cedrus deodara.Methods Flavonoids were isolated and purified from ethyl acetate extract of pine needles by chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20.Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.Results Five flavonoids were isolated and purified.Their structures were identified as cedrusone A(1),myricetin (2),2R,3R-dihydromyricetin(3),quercetin(4),and 2R,3R-dihydroquercetin(5).Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound.Compounds 2-5 are isolated from pine needles of this genus for the first time.展开更多
The substructure of pollen exine in Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud, and Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng has been examined with an atomic force microscope (AFM). The results indicate that the exine substructure u...The substructure of pollen exine in Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud, and Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng has been examined with an atomic force microscope (AFM). The results indicate that the exine substructure units containing sporopollenin in two species are similar in shape, which are granular, but slightly different in size. In Cedrus the substructure unit of pollen exine appears to be 56-99 nm long and 42-74 nm wide, while in Metasequoia it appears to be 81-118 nm long and 43-98 nm wide. It has been observed that the subunits of pollen exine in Cedrus arranged tightly to form short-rod-like or spheroidal pollen exine units, several or more than ten of which formed an island-like structure. There are various spaces among these island-like structures which are interconnected to occupy the entire pollen exine. In Metasequoia, the subunits of pollen exine also arranged tightly with a distribution tendency of cluster of 3-10, however, no obvious boundary exists among these clusters. From our展开更多
在实验室条件下,用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取雪松叶精油和马尾松叶精油,用浸液法测定其对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫和蛹的毒杀活性。结果表明:雪松叶精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫/蛹的24 h LC50值分别是119.58/229.91、146.47/240.80...在实验室条件下,用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取雪松叶精油和马尾松叶精油,用浸液法测定其对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫和蛹的毒杀活性。结果表明:雪松叶精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫/蛹的24 h LC50值分别是119.58/229.91、146.47/240.80μg/mL。马尾松叶精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫/蛹的24 h LC50值分别是135.53/260.10、162.54/257.69 g/mL。可见雪松叶精油和马尾松叶精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊有较强的毒杀活性,具有研发成高效、对环境友好的灭蚊剂潜力。展开更多
基金the authorities of SK University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir for providing full support for the conduct of the study in Jammu and Kashmir
文摘The present study was carried out in Jammu and Kashmir （India） and twelve sites spread across the entire state were selected. Variability studies in different seed sources of Cedrus deodara with respect to cone, seed and seedling traits were studies. The studies revealed significant variation in different cone and seed characteristics studied. A negative correlation existed in cone diam- eter and cone weight with altitude. Seed morphological characteristics （seed length, width and weight）, seed germination and number of cotyledons which form the basis of selecting and delineating provenances also correlated negatively with altitude. Cone length and diameter, seed length and width and hypocotyl length increased from North to South and correlated negatively with latitude. The results further revealed the superiority ＆heavier cones and seeds with respect to seed germination. The study reveals that for delineating seed zones, provenance selection should be within an altitudinal range of 1500-1900 m a.s.l, and northern aspect seed sources be preferred.
文摘The aim of this study is to investigate the biological effects of ion beams on pollen. Pollen grains of Cedrus deodara were implanted with 30 keV nitrogen ion beams at doses ranging from 1 × 10^15 ions/cm^2 to 15 × 10^15 ions/cm^2. The effects of N^＋ implantation on the pollen exine substructure were examined using an atomic force microscope （AFM）, and the structure and morphology of pollen and pollen tubes were observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope （LSCM）. AFM observations distinctly revealed the erosion of the pollen exine caused by N^＋ implantation in the micrometer to nanometer range. Typical results showed that the erosion degree was linearly proportional to the ion dose. Pollen germination experiments in vitro indicated that N^＋ implantation within a certain dose range increased the rate of pollen germination. The main abnormal phenomena in pollen tubes were also analyzed. Our results suggest that low energy ion implantation with suitable energy and dosage can be used to break the pollen wall to induce a transfer of exogenous DNA into the pollen without any damage to the cytoplasm and nuclei of the pollen. The present study suggests that a combination of the method of ion-beam-induced gene transfer and the pollen-tube pathway method （PTPW） would be a new plant transformation method.
基金Supported by Gansu Provincial Forestry and Grassland Bureau Science and Technology Project(2019KJ089)Tianshui Science and Technology Program Support Project(2020NCK2106)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide reference for plant landscaping,optimization of planting structure and rational allocation of species in Cedrus deodara gardens.[Methods]With three common garden plants in northern China,Trifolium repens L.,Poa pratensis L.and Trifolium pratense L.,as receptors,the effects of four concentrations(0.025,0.05,0.075 and 0.10 g/ml)of C.deodara needle extract on seed germination and early seedling growth of the three turfgrasses were studied by the Petri dish filter paper method,using a clear water treatment(0 g/ml)as control check(CK).Data were subjected to analysis of variance(ANOVA)and multiple comparisons(Duncan)using SPSS16.0.[Results]Different concentrations of C.deodara needle extract had significant inhibitory effects on seed germination,radicle and seedling height growth of T.repens,T.pratense and P.pratensis(P<0.05),and the inhibitory effects increased with the increase of concentration.When the concentration reached 0.075 g/ml,seed germination and seedling growth of T.repens stopped,and radicle and seedling growth of T.pratense and P.pratensis also stopped.When the concentration was equal to 0.10 g/ml,germination of T.pratense and P.pratensis seeds was inhibited,and the absolute values of allelopathic index was the largest,that is,the inhibitory effects were the largest.And with the increase of concentration,the absolute value of synthetical allelopathic index also increased.The extract of C.deodara needles contained main allelochemicals leading to the scarcity of understory vegetation.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for reasonable garden plant configuration during C.deodara greening and garden landscaping.
文摘Objective To study the chemical constituents of flavonoids in pine needles of Cedrus deodara.Methods Flavonoids were isolated and purified from ethyl acetate extract of pine needles by chromatography on silica gel and Sephadex LH-20.Their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.Results Five flavonoids were isolated and purified.Their structures were identified as cedrusone A(1),myricetin (2),2R,3R-dihydromyricetin(3),quercetin(4),and 2R,3R-dihydroquercetin(5).Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound.Compounds 2-5 are isolated from pine needles of this genus for the first time.
文摘The substructure of pollen exine in Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud, and Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng has been examined with an atomic force microscope (AFM). The results indicate that the exine substructure units containing sporopollenin in two species are similar in shape, which are granular, but slightly different in size. In Cedrus the substructure unit of pollen exine appears to be 56-99 nm long and 42-74 nm wide, while in Metasequoia it appears to be 81-118 nm long and 43-98 nm wide. It has been observed that the subunits of pollen exine in Cedrus arranged tightly to form short-rod-like or spheroidal pollen exine units, several or more than ten of which formed an island-like structure. There are various spaces among these island-like structures which are interconnected to occupy the entire pollen exine. In Metasequoia, the subunits of pollen exine also arranged tightly with a distribution tendency of cluster of 3-10, however, no obvious boundary exists among these clusters. From our
文摘在实验室条件下,用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取雪松叶精油和马尾松叶精油,用浸液法测定其对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫和蛹的毒杀活性。结果表明:雪松叶精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫/蛹的24 h LC50值分别是119.58/229.91、146.47/240.80μg/mL。马尾松叶精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊IV龄期幼虫/蛹的24 h LC50值分别是135.53/260.10、162.54/257.69 g/mL。可见雪松叶精油和马尾松叶精油对白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊有较强的毒杀活性,具有研发成高效、对环境友好的灭蚊剂潜力。
