基于“Design Thinking”理念的职业院校创新创业人才培养模式

随着我国经济不断发展和社会进步,创新创业已经成为推动经济增长的关键驱动力,在2015年全国人民代表大会上,李克强总理将“大众创业、万众创新”明确列为我国经济增长的“双引擎”之一,彰显了创新创业对于推动社会发展的重要地位。为响应国家政策,各高校积极开展创新创业教育,将其纳入高等教育综合改革的重要议程,成为培养未来人才的重要途径。本文分析了“Design Thinking”理念下职业院校创新创业人才培养的必要性,围绕新时期专业院校创新创业人才培养的要求,提出了基于“Design Thinking”理念的职业院校创新创业人才培养模式的有效策略,为职业院校人才培养效率的强化提供了参考性意见。

以色彩为媒介的Design Thinking在艺术设计中的创新实践

色彩作为Design Thinking中的重要媒介,在艺术设计创新实践中具有重要潜力。本文探讨了以色彩为媒介的Design Thinking在艺术设计创新实践中的应用。色彩不仅在Design Thinking中占据重要地位,而且对人类的情绪和行为产生影响,同时在设计中起着至关重要的作用。将Design Thinking引入艺术实践领域,旨在培养艺术创新思维和问题解决能力,强调创新实践和跨学科合作。职业院校在艺术设计创新实践中面临着诸多挑战,但也存在机遇。通过案例分析,本文展示了如何实施基于色彩的Design Thinking艺术设计实践以及这种创新对艺术创新能力的积极影响。

Applying Design Thinking in Ecotourism Curriculum Design: The Educational Design Ladder

The design thinking approach transforms student’s learning process to connect with real-world experience, making connections between knowledge and improving critical thinking and problem-solving capability. Previous research has focused on what design thinking is taught (content) and how it is taught (learning modes and assessment). However, there needs to be an integrative approach in the context of ecotourism education. Therefore, applying Wrigley and Straker’s Educational Design Ladder mode, this study develops an Ecotourism Design Thinking Curriculum framework to combine the ecotourism content, teaching/learning mode and assessment.

Using Design Thinking and Facebook to Accompany Women in Solving Water Problems in Morocco

Environmental issues are complex and malicious problems involving many characteristics, variables, increasing their level of uncertainty. How should victims of these problems be accompanied when trying to solve such complex environmental disasters？ A broad understanding of these problems and a feeling of self-efficacy must be present in problem solvers in order for them to persevere up to the formulation of effective solutions. Two new trends in problem solving inspired the development of an approach to accompany citizens dealing with environmental problems： design thinking and the use of ICT in problem solving. Design thinking, a creative solving approach created by IDEO, is a collaborative way to work during which intuition, abductive thinking, quick prototyping and the consumers＇ needs are put first. As for ICT, they can now be used to store, share, develop and criticize information and solutions （Facebook, Padlet... ）. Design thinking and Facebook were drawn on to accompany 10 poorly educated Moroccan women in solving a problem arising from flooding of the Ourika river. The women were taught to use electronic tablets and Facebook. During workshops and through Facebook, women were invited to share their experiences with floods and to find solutions to the poor quality of their drinking water, after floods. Design thinking allowed participants to explore many dimensions of the chosen problem and to prototype a certain number of solutions to purify their water. Facebook was profitable to better define the problem and as a communication and brainstorming tool （before and during the water filtration prototype trials）. Design thinking and Facebook turned out to be effective tools to pose the water problem more widely, to find solutions adapted to the participants＇ living conditions and to improve their self-efficacy in problem solving as well as their collaboration.

The Method and Practice of Street Renewal Based on Innovative Design Thinking

In order to solve the practical problems of streets,create a pleasant street space and improve the participation of designers and users,the process and method of street renewal based on innovative design thinking were put forward on the basis of the core idea of“user centered”design thinking.The main steps included:setting up workshop and establishing project,understanding and observation,synthesis,creativity,prototype and test feedback.Taking the streets around Anju Dongcheng Community in Handan City as an example,the main process included setting up workshops,carrying out research and data analysis,focusing on outstanding issues,putting forward a variety of renewal and transformation schemes,scheme testing and prototype expression.The whole practice process improved the designer’s design thinking ability,enhanced the participation consciousness of street users,and provided a new idea for street renewal design.

Research on the Product Derivation Method under the Interaction Design Thinking

Explore the new way of product derivation by integrating the interaction design thinking into the product derivation method. It analyzes the thinking mode of interaction design, describes how to make the product provide better experience for the user, from the perspective of the four elements of people, activity, context and technology, and shows how to combine interaction thinking for product derivation through the cases. Good products in addition to the realization of the function also need to meet the needs of the user experience. Product derived can get new methods and ideas from the interaction design of systematic thinking, so that products can provide better service for users in the digital era.

Yearning the Moon with Sixpence in Hand: Exploring the Relation­ship between External Corporate Social Responsibility, Employee Commitment, and Design Thinking

Prior studies have emphasized the positive relationship between corporate social responsibility(CSR)and employee organizational identification,with the argument that external CSR acts could enhance employee commitment,work engagement,and loyalty via perceived prestige.Despite such emphasis,minimal suggestion has been given in terms of how to design and execute a moderate,structural,and sustainable CSR program to bond with employees on a deeper level of emotional connection.The aim of the present study was to highlight the benefits of adopting the design thinking method for investing and practicing external CSR,so as to realize a positive link between employee commitment,financial performance,and social recognition.

Play by Design:Developing Artificial Intelligence Literacy through Game-based Learning

The paper proposes an innovative approach aimed at fostering AI literacy through interactive gaming experiences.This paper designs a game-based prototype for preparing pre-service teachers to innovate teaching practices across disciplines.The simulation,Color Conquest,serves as a strategic game to encourage educators to reconsider their pedagogical practices.It allows teachers to use and develop various scenarios by customizing maps,giving students agency to engage in the complex decision-making process.Additionally,this engagement process provides teachers with an opportunity to develop students’skills in artificial intelligence literacy as students actively develop strategic thinking,problem-solving,and critical reasoning skills.

Design thinking and artificial intelligence:A systematic literature review exploring synergies

This article examines how design thinking and artificial intelligence(AI)work together and what it means for the design sector.The goal is to understand how AI technologies may advance the design process,encourage innovation,and produce more individualized and user-centric solutions.This study intends to shed light on the potential of AI as a catalyst for creativity and the ethical implications of AI-driven design by discovering overlapping ideas and methodologies between design thinking and AI.According to the research,AI can significantly influence the design process by eliminating tedious processes,improving user-centricity,and stimulating creativity.AI may support designers’decision-making,prototyping,and ideation processes,resulting in more creative and effective design solutions.Addressing bias in AI algorithms and data privacy is imperative to ensure ethical AI integration.Virtual reality,bio-design,and inclusive design are untapped areas where AI can be used.

What Would Vitruvius Do？ Re-thinking Architecture Education for the 21st Century University

In the 1996 AIA （American Institute of Architecture） Convention in Minneapolis, the governing bodies in the education and professionalization of architects in the US （namely, the American Institute of Architecture, American Institute of Architecture Students, National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, National Architecture Accrediting Board and the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture） released the Boyer Report, subsequently published as Building Community： A New Future for Architecture Education and Practice. The report was named in honor of Ernest Boyer, an educational theorist who also participated in writing the text. Less comprehensive than the canonical texts by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio and his interlocutors, it is nonetheless a mirror of our current assumptions about the education of the architect. This paper looks at the epistemology inherited from Vitruvius as it shapes pedagogy up and through the Boyer Report and into the 21 st century. Using a method of comparative analysis applied to past and current architecture programs, our argument is that historical divisions between professional or applied knowledge and liberal or theoretical knowledge inherited from the past limit our capacity within architecture education to integrate new strategies for knowledge creation and dissemination. It is concluded that any serious revision of architecture education means a systematic reconsideration of the basis of architecture knowledge. What of the （persistent） Vitruvian model is relevant in our post-modern condition？ What do we learn from the image of our profession projected through the lens of the Boyer Report and it is like？ In other words, what would Vitruvius do？

The Role of Design Education as the Champion of Human Values

Bruce Nussbaum, past assistant managing editor of Business Week magazine, talks about a grand and broad definition of design with a capital ＂D＂ and the failure of design education to keep up with the expansion of this broader definition. The application of the design mindset over a broader scope of disciplines such as business and technology results in creative people from overlapping disciplines who are flexible, curious, and imaginative; have a tolerance for ambiguity and provide meaningful frameworks for difficult situations. The design process becomes a secondary skill-set that compliments another primary knowledge/skill base. With this model, business disciplines could apply design thinking to the understanding of fundamental economic drivers and technology/engineering/manufacturing disciplines could apply design thinking over deep process expertise in implementation. What about the work of the traditional design disciplines？ Following the model described above for business and technology, design disciplines should apply ＂design thinking＂ on top of some foundational skill set that comes from the area of human values. What is this primary skill-set？ This paper will attempt to explore and create a simple map of the area defined as ＂Human Values＂, to locate current design education within that area, to propose directions for design education to move within that area, and to propose similar educational areas within the fields Business and Technology.

Packaging Design and the Changing Needs of End Consumers

With the rapid development of China’s economy,the society has entered the era of big data intelligence,leading to tremendous changes in people’s shopping methods.From the original way of shopping via traditional channels from street vendors and farmer’s markets to shopping via WeChat,Douyin,Taobao,Pinduoduo,and other digital e-commerce channels,online shopping has become the norm and an integral part of people’s life in the post-pandemic era.The shift from traditional offline shopping to online shopping calls for a change in design thinking,integrating food packaging design,consumer needs,and brand stories,reflecting individual characters and regional cultures,as well as incorporating traditional Chinese style and cultural elements.

Design Methodologies in Interdisciplinary Teaching: Integrating Art and Education

Interest in integrating design methodologies within interdisciplinary teaching has emerged as a strong method for increasing student learning and creativity, especially in integrating art and education. This study discusses the theoretical underpinnings of design-based teaching methodology and its practical applications in interdisciplinary settings. It discusses current practices and emerging trends in how design thinking principles bridge the gap between artistic expression and educational pedagogy. The results highlight the importance of a collaborative learning environment, an iterative process, and project-based approaches that allow the development of skills related to creativity besides the analytical ones. The main strategies in implementing methodologies for such purposes and their impact on student engagement in learning are discussed.

Classification of Foot Pressure Images Using Machine Learning Algorithm

Arthritis is an acute systemic disease of a joint accompanied by pain.In developed countries,it mainly causes disability among people over 50 years of age.Rheumatoid Arthritis is a type of arthritis that occurs commonly among elders.The incidence of arthritis is higher in females than in males.There is no permanent diagnosis method for arthritis,but if it was identified in the early stages based on the foot pressure,it can be diagnosed before attaining the critical stage of Rheumatoid Arthritis.The analysis and study of arthritis patients were done using design thinking methodology.Design thinking is a problem-solving methodology that is used tofind a solution for the identification of the early stage of arthritis.This process consists offive stages follows Empathy,Define,Ideate,Prototype,and Testing.To define the problem statement,the Empathy was done with the arthritis patients to know the difficulties faced by them.This paper proposes a measurement technique of early measurement of arthritis using a non-invasive technique.It helps us to detect arthritis using a foot pressure pad that was designed with piezoresistive material and the feature classification was done using Weka.

Effects of Team Structure on Innovation Performance： An Empirical Study

Teamwork is gaining increasing attention in a broader management research. In addition to previous research on the relationship between team structure and innovation performance, this study draws from an interesting experience-based theory advanced by Kelley and Littman （2005）, which examines teams from design thinking perspective, and tests its contributions and effects on team＇s innovation performance. According to Kelley and Littman any team should include the following team roles： The anthropologist, the experimenter, the cross-pollinator, the hurdler, the collaborator, the director, the experience architect, the set designer, the storyteller, and the caregiver. We develop theoretical logics to explain how team structure that includes these key team roles and competences lead to a better innovation performance, and propose pertinent hypotheses. Experimental-empirical research and quantitative analysis were used in the study. The study conducted multiple experiments on three samples： a group of foreign entrepreneurship students, a group of technical students, and an additional group of randomly selected individuals, aged between 20 and 58, with diverse backgrounds. A special approach was implemented and a new instrument was developed to evaluate individuals in teams. While the results show that team that possess the major competences proposed by Kelley and Littman are more innovative, preliminary results also show that not all team roles are equally important. Moreover, team roles should be allocated equally among members for better collaboration, member satisfaction, and quick response, and within one team, one prevailing personality is optimal in terms of innovativeness. We discuss the implications of our findings for future research and managerial practice.

Reflections on architectural design education： The return of rationalism in the studio

The design studio environment has remained the same throughout the past century. As the Studio Culture Task Force of the American Institute of Architecture Students （ALAS） （Koch et al., 2006） noted, the ongoing changes in architecture education are not aligned with today＇s fastchanging world, especially in the context of architectural practice. The AlAS analyzed the design studio problem and expressed doubts on the effectiveness of current studio practices in providing adequate design-thinking education. The report indicates that studio culture values project appearance instead of the actual design process. In recent years, similar problems have been the topic of debates in Khartoum. Criticisms are mostly centered on the observation that students show no interest in the design process and tend to focus on form making. As a result, efforts to teach design methods and to restore the balance between creativity and rationality in the design process have failed. The reason is related to the difficulties associated with the implicit nature of conventional design methods. These difficulties, which are common in architecture schools, include the lack of a clearly defined design methodology and the misunderstood role of the systematic approach to design in the studio. Nevertheless, signs of change are gradually emerging, as demonstrated by the global call for change in the studio environment. This call for change indicates a general agreement on the need for the reorientation of architectural design education toward an engaging policy that considers the social responsibility of architects. This study proposes that the route for change is through the return of rationalism in the studio. Since the 1960 s, many writers have recognized the importance of balancing rationality and creativity, which are mutually interdependent, in the design process. From this perspective, the research question is drawn： how can we bridge the gap between the rational and the creative design activities in the design process？ A theory that conceptualizes the idea of knowledge interdependence does not exist. The available design theories, such as rational problem solving and reflective-in-action theory, deal with different aspects of design activity. Both theories fail to describe the integration of the rational and the creative aspects of the design process. Therefore, we propose the integration of the two theories into a new theory called the integrated design paradigm. The proposed theory serves as a theoretical base upon which the interdependence of the rational and the creative phases of the design process can be conceptualized. We aim to bridge the gap between the two design phases by considering research knowledge interdependency as a unifying activity. The first phase is a systematic method involving research, the use of positive theory, and the production of basic principles. The creative practice phase also involves research and focuses on understanding the rational knowledge developed in the systematic phase, including the basic principles and design strategy, as well as on the application of these concepts to the design problem. The Department of Architecture and Urban Planning at the Ethiopian Institute of Technology EiT of Mekelle University （MU） is currently developing a research program in which the development of and reflection on design methods is a key research area. Within this framework, the present study is intends to be an introductory effort to guide future empirical research. The present study aims to describe the design process of architects, and introduces theoretical and technical frameworks. The integrated design paradigm as a system of inquiry within the spatial relationship strategy is framed.

Does the smartest designer design better？ Effect of intelligence quotient on students＇ design skills in architectural design studio

Understanding the cognitive processes of the human mind is necessary to further learn about design thinking processes. Cognitive studies are also significant in the research about design studio. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of designers intelligence quotient （lOJ on their designs. The statistical population in this study consisted of all Deylaman Institute of Higher Education architecture graduate students enrolled in 2011. Sixty of these students were selected via simple random sampling based on the finite population sample size calculation formula. The students＇ IQ was measured using Raven＇s Progressive Matrices. The students＇ scores in Architecture Design Studio （ADS） courses from first grade （ADS-l） to fifth grade （ADS-5） and the mean scores of the design courses were used in determining the students＇ design ability. Inferential statistics, as well as correlation analysis and mean comparison test for independent samples with SPSS, were also employed to analyze the research data. Results indicated that the students＇ IQ ADS-1 to ADS-4 scores, and the mean scores of the students＇ design courses were not significantly correlated. By contrast, the students＇ IQ and ADS-5 scores were significantly correlated. As the complexity of the design problem and designers＇ experience increased, the effect of IQ on design seemingly intensified.

Urban greenways： Operationalizing design syntax and integrating mathematics and science in design

The ubiquitous sameness of urban greenways prompts questions on generative design grammar and syntax, whether creative, critical rethinking at that level might be lacking. However the design syntax of urban greenways is not explicitly discussed thus leaving a critical gap in knowledge. This paper begins tackling the larger question by acting on the fundamental subset of it, by operationatizing the design syntax of urban greenways. This is done through mathematics-based graph studies to analyze patterns and shapes, photography based thermal, material and morphology studies, and section analyses to make imagery-derived deductions on the design syntax. Recommendation on approaches to diversify and enrich the design syntax includes a more direct reference from ecosystem science theories such for siting and planning the urban greenways at macro- to meso-scale, a mixed-method approach, combining mathe- matics, photography and drawings based frames for analyses at meso- to micro-scale, and a turtle view scale for designing at meso- to micro-scale, with an emphasis on latter.

Phenomenology of rhythm in design

Rhythm in design, as explored in this research, is proposed to be the result of cognitive performance generated stylistically by creators and recognized consciously by beholders. This study describes the phenomenon of rhythm; how it is created; the factors that comprise rhythm; the types of rhythms created by human cognition of repetition, and why repetition is recognized as a part of human cognition. Images of seven buildings designed by Alvar Aalto are used to demonstrate the creation and expression of rhythm in building compositions. Evidence gathered in this research explains that rhythm in design is a result of the design method consciously applied by human cognition of repetition. Rules of generating the phenomena of rhythm are also summarized. Designers could apply these rules to generate harmonious patterns through the effective usage of repetition. In sum, rhythm is ingrained in the human conscience and therefore should be a key component of design applied universally.

Establishing distinctive theories and methods of design science rooted in Chinese traditional culture

The human social development saw the formation of five unique civilizations,with the latter forming their own distinctive cultures.China’s traditional culture is its most fundamental ideological weapon for solving problems.The Chinese are good at comprehensive thinking,dialectical thinking,and systematic analysis.These ideological weapons can solve the problems of formal science and technology and create scientific and technological achievements on par with global advanced scale.Ancient China is filled with original scientific and technological achievements,which strongly prove ancient China’s possession of its own science and technology different from that of Western Renaissance.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of science,technology,experience,and intuition is necessary.The long-held superstition regarding the West,the lack of confidence,self-denial,blind imitation of ideas,and shackles must be thrown away.Only then can we take the road toward an authentic Chinese creative design as we learn from others.