Non-coding RNA as future target for diagnose and treatment of perineural invasion in cancers

Perineural invasion(PNI),a particularly insidious form of tumor metastasis distinct from hematogenous or lymphatic spread,has the capacity to extend well beyond the primary tumor site,infiltrating distant regions devoid of lymphatic or vascular structures.PNI often heralds a decrease in patient survival rates and is recognized as an indicator of an unfavorable prognosis across a variety of cancers.Despite its clinical significance,the underlying molecular mechanisms of PNI remain elusive,complicating the development of specific and efficacious diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.In the realm of cancer research,non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)have attracted considerable attention due to their multifaceted roles and cancer-specific expression profiles,positioning them as promising candidates for applications in cancer diagnostics,prognostics,and treatment.Among the various types of ncRNAs,microRNAs(miRNAs),long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs),and circular RNAs(circRNAs)have emerged as influential players in PNI.Their involvement is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to tumor progression and therapeutic resistance.Our study synthesizes and explores the diverse functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs in relation to PNI in cancer.This comprehensive review aims to shed light on cutting-edge perspectives that could pave the way for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to address the challenges posed by PNI in oncology.

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors of the liver misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma:Three case reports

BACKGROUND Hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms(PEComas)are rare.Diagnostic and treatment experience with hepatic PEComa remains insufficient.CASE SUMMARY Three hepatic PEComa cases are reported in this paper:One case of primary malignant hepatic PEComa,one case of benign hepatic PEComa,and one case of hepatic PEComa with an ovarian mature cystic teratoma.During preoperative imaging and pathological assessment of intraoperative frozen samples,patients were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),while postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry subsequently revealed hepatic PEComa.Patients with hepatic PEComa which is misdiagnosed as HCC often require a wider surgical resection.It is easy to mistake them for distant metastases of hepatic PEComa and misdiagnosed as HCC,especially when it’s combined with tumors in other organs.Three patients eventually underwent partial hepatectomy.After 1-4 years of follow-up,none of the patients experienced recurrence or metastases.CONCLUSION A clear preoperative diagnosis of hepatic PEComa can reduce the scope of resection and prevent unnecessary injuries during surgery.

Serum uric acid level in newly diagnosed essential hypertension in a Nepalese population:A hospital based cross sectional study

Objective:To develop the missing link between hyperuricemia and hypertension.Methods:The study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with Nephrology Unit of Internal Medicine Department.Hypertension was defined according to blood pressure readings by definitions of the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee.Totally 205newly diagnosed and untreated essential hypertensive cases and age-sex matched nonnotensive controls were enrolled in the study.The potential confounding factors of hyperuricemia and hypertension in both cases and controls were controlled.Uric acid levels in all participants were analyzed.Results:Renal function between newly diagnosed hypertensive cases and nonnotensive healthy controls were adjusted.The mean serum uric acid observed in newly diagnosed hypertensive cases and in nonnotensive healthy controls were(290.05±87.03)μmol/L and(245.24±09.38)μmol/L respectively.A total of 59(28.8%)participants of cases and 28(13.7%)participants of controls had hyperuricemia(odds ratio 2.555(95%CI:1.549-4.213),P<0.00l).Conclusions:The mean serum uric acid leveb and number of hyperuricemic subjects were found to be significantly higher in cases when compared to controls.

Analysis of superheater's pipe wall overtemperature by fault tree diagnose

After research on a 2000t/h subcritical forced-circulation balanced ventilation were applied boiler and the structure and operation of its auxiliary system builds up this heat transfer model of a superheater's pipe wall and analyze the effect of primary factors on the overtemperature of the pipe wall. Fault tree structure was used to uncover the multiplayer logic between the overtemperature of the superheater's pipe wall and the faults.

Surgical method choice and coincidence rate of pathological diagnoses in transduodenal ampullectomy: A retrospective case series study and review of the literature

BACKGROUND Transduodenal ampullectomy(TDA) is not in wide clinical use due to its low radical effect and a high recurrence rate of tumors. However,TDA is still an effective treatment method; it has great clinical value in cases of duodenal benign tumors,precancerous lesions,and benign and malignant borderline tumors,and can avoid the risks associated with pancreaticoduodenectomy with larger resection range and greater thoroughness than endoscopic papillectomy.AIM To investigate the surgical method choice and the coincidence rate of pathological diagnoses in TDA for ampullary neoplasms.METHODS Ten patients with ampullary neoplasms underwent TDA based on the fact that their endoscopic biopsy results suggested benign lesions,and the endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-assessed tumors were resectable. All cases underwent duodenal ampullary lesion endoscopic biopsy,intraoperative frozen-section pathological examination,and postoperative pathological examination.RESULTSThis study included seven patients with benign tumors and three with malignant tumors(1 pTis,2 pT1),according to the postoperative pathology results. The coincidence rate of the postoperative pathology results with the intraoperative frozen-section biopsy results was 100%(10/10),and the coincidence rate with the endoscopic biopsy results was 70%(7/10) based on pathological characteristics.The endoscopic biopsy false-negative rate was 30%(3/10). All patients were followed for 6 to 70 mo without tumor recurrence or metastasis.CONCLUSION The coincidence rate of postoperative pathology results,intraoperative frozensection pathology results,and endoscopic biopsy results is the restraining factor of TDA clinical application. Endoscopic biopsy results and EUS have importance relevance to surgical planning. Intraoperative frozen-section pathology results have a significant influence on the choice of surgical procedure.

Sarcopenia diagnosed using masseter muscle area predictive of early mortality following severe traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury（TBI）represents a global pandemic and is currently a leading cause of injury related death worldwide.Unfortunately,those who survive initial injury often suffer devastating functional,social,and economic consequences.

Correlation between Subliminal Depression and the Quality of Life in Patients Preliminarily Diagnosed with Breast Cancer

Objective: To investigate the subthreshold depression and the quality of life in patients preliminarily diagnosed with breast cancer, and to explore their relationship. Methods: A total of 210 patients preliminarily diagnosed breast cancer were recruited by convenience sampling method to complete the self-made general questionnaire, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Results: The incidence rates of subthreshold depression was 48.6% in patients preliminarily diagnosed breast cancer, the total score of FACT-B in patients with subthreshold depression and non-subthreshold depression was (73.92 &plusmn;17.62) and (86.74 &plusmn;16.15). The total score of CES-D was significantly negatively correlated to the total score and factor scores of FACT-B (p Conclusion: The incidence rate of subthreshold depression in preliminarily diagnosed breast cancer patients is high, and it is closely related to the quality of life, so we should pay attention to the psychological status of preliminarily diagnosed breast cancer patients, to increase the psychological intervention, than improve their quality of life.

Equilibrium Reconstruction and Integration of EFIT with Diagnoses in J-TEXT Tokamak

The EFIT program is integrated with the high resolution laser polarimeter interferometer system（POLARIS）, the soft X-ray imaging diagnostic system（SXR） and the electron cyclotron emission radiometer（ECE） in the J-TEXT tokamak. Then some internal information about Faraday angle and the position of safety factor q=1 can be obtained as a constraint to EFIT. The modified EFIT code is used to calculate the internal parameters such as flux function, safety factor q, pressure and current density.

Study on Method of Fault Vibration Diagnose for Roller Overrunning Clutch

Fault diagnose of the roller overrunning clutch is a headache problem in engineering at home and abroad. This paper introduces a new method to solve the problem by using the wavelet transform to separate fault si gnal and further analyzing the impact frequency. The signal local singularities under the wavelet transform are studied. According to the propagation features of modulus maximums of the fault signal and the noise under the wavelet transfor m different on the scales, and by use of the signal wavelet decomposition-recon struction algorithm, the clutch shell vibration acceleration signal is decompose d, denoised, and reconstructed.The signal-to-noise of the monitored signal imp roved greatly.The fault characteristic signal on time domain is positioned.The f ault characteristic frequency is picked up. Experiment shows that it is quite effective.

Space-Resolved Spectrum Diagnose by Soft X-Ray Transmission Grating Spectrometer

A space-resolving transmission grating spectrometer is established on the ＂Shenguang-III＂ prototype laser facility and an iterative procedure for unfolding the X-ray spectrum with spatial resolution is described. The diagnostics is applied to measure the X-ray spectrum from laser-entered gold target and the typical space-resolved spectrum is provided. The relative standard uncertainty of the X-ray spectrum from the laser-generated plasma is also determined.

Improvement of NIR models for quality parameters of leech and earthworm medicines using outlier multiple diagnoses

Leeches and earthworms are the main ingredients of Shuxuetong injection compositions,whichare natural biomedicines.Near infrared(NIR)diffuse reflection spectroscopy has been used forquality assurance of Chinese medicines.In the present work,NIR spectroscopy was proposed as arapid and nondestructive technique to assess the moisture content(MC),soluble solid content(SSC)and hypoxanthine content(HXC)of leeches and earthworms.This study goal was toimprove NIR models for accurate quality control of leech and earthworm using outlier multiplediagnoses(OMD).OMD was composed of four outlier detection methods:spectrum outlier di-agnostic(MD),leverage diagnostic(LD),principal component scores diagnostic(PCSD)andfactor loading diagnostic(FLD),Conventional outlier diagnoses(MD,LD)and OMD werecompared,and the best NIR models were those based on OMD.The correlation coefficients(R)for leech were 0.9779,0.9616 and 0.9406 for MC,SSC and HXC,respectively.The values ofrelative standard error of prediction(RSEP)for leech were 2.3%,5.1%and 9.0%for MC,SSC and HXC,respectively.The values of R for earthworm were 0.9478,0.9991 and 0.9605 for MC,SSC and HXC,respectively.The values of RSEP for earthworm were 8.8%,2.4%and 12%for MC,SSC and HXC,respectively.The performance of the NIR models was certainly improved by OMD.

Clinical algorithm for preventing missed diagnoses of occult cervical spine instability after acute trauma: A case report

BACKGROUND Missed or delayed diagnosis of cervical spine instability after acute trauma can have catastrophic consequences for the patient,resulting in severe neurological impairment.Currently,however,there is no consensus on the optimal strategy for diagnosing occult cervical spine instability.Thus,we present a case of occult cervical spine instability and provide a clinical algorithm to aid physicians in diagnosing occult instability of the cervical spine.CASE SUMMARY A 57-year-old man presented with cervical spine pain and inability to stand following a serious fall from a height of 2 m.No obvious vertebral fracture or dislocation was found at the time on standard lateral X-ray,computed tomography,and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Subsequently,the initial surgical plan was unilateral open-door laminoplasty(C3-7)with alternative levels of centerpiece mini-plate fixation(C3,5,and 7).However,the intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopic X-rays revealed significantly increased intervertebral space at C5-6,indicating instability at this level that was previously unrecognized on preoperative imaging.We finally performed lateral mass fixation and fusion at the C5-6 level.Looking back at the preoperative images,we found that the preoperative T2 MRI showed non-obvious high signal intensity at the C5-6 intervertebral disc and posterior interspinous ligament.CONCLUSION MRI of cervical spine trauma patients should be carefully reviewed to detect disco-ligamentous injury,which will lead to further cervical spine instability.In patients with highly suspected cervical spine instability indicated on MRI,lateral X-ray under traction or after anesthesia and muscle relaxation needs to be performed to avoid missed diagnoses of occult cervical instability.

Misdiagnosed dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa:A case report

BACKGROUND Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa(DEB-Pr)is a rare subtype of DEB,characterized by recurrent pruritus of the extremities,pruritus papules,nodules,and mossy-like plaques.To date,fewer than 100 cases have been reported.We report a misdiagnosed 30-year-old man with sporadic late-onset DEB-Pr who responded well to tacrolimus treatment,thereby serving as a guide to correct diagnosis and treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 30-year-old man presented with recurrent itching plaques of 1-year duration in the left tibia that aggravated and involved both legs and the back.Examination revealed multiple symmetrical,purple,and hyperpigmented papules and nodules with surface exfoliation involving the tibia and dorsum of the neck with negative Nissl's sign,no abnormalities in the skin,mucosa,hair,or fingernail,and no local lymph node enlargement.Blisters were never reported prior to presentation.Serum immunoglobulin E level was 636 IU/mL.Clinical manifestations suggested DEB-Pr.Histological examination showed subepidermal fissure,scar tissue,and milia.Direct immunofluorescence showed no obvious abnormalities.However,we were unable to perform electron microscopy or genetic research following his choice.We treated him with topical tacrolimus.After 2 wk,the itching alleviated,and the skin lesions began to subside.No adverse reactions were observed during treatment.CONCLUSION Topical tacrolimus is a safe treatment option for patients with DEB-Pr and can achieve continuous relief of severe itching.

Relationship between plasma adipokines, inflammation, insulin resistance and subclinical atherosclerosis in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of subclinical atherosclerosis, evaluated by carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 167 subjects, 50 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects and 117 non-diabetic subjects were included in the study. Obese and overweight newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were matched for age and BMI with obese and overweight non-diabetic subjects. Only postmenopausal women were selected. The following biomarkers were analyzed: fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, fasting proinsulin, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, adiponectin, leptin, hs-CRP, urine albumin/creatinine ratio. 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in all subjects. Ultrasound imaging was used to evaluate IMT of the common carotid artery. Results: CIMT was greater in newly diagnosed type 2 patients compared to non-diabetic subjects. When analyzed by BMI, the difference regarding CIMT between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects was significant only in overweight subjects, in both sexes. In univariate analysis in men with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, CIMT was positively correlated with age, SBP, triglycerides, leptin and negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol and in women CIMT was positively correlated with SBP and leptin. Independent determinants of CIMT in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were in men age (β = 0.556, p = 0.0028) and log leptin (β = 0.393, p = 0.049) and in women systolic blood pressure (β = 0.48, p = 0.026). Conclusions: Subclinical atherosclerosis is present in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects. Body fat accumulation in men and hypertension in postmenopausal women have a primary role in increase carotid intima-media thickness.

Gallbladder and cystic duct agenesis diagnosed laparoscopically

To the Editor:Anatomical variations of the biliary tree are not un-common but isolated agenesis of the gallbladder is rare,[1]with a reported incidence of 0.013%-0.075%.[2]Thisvariation remains undiagnosed since the patient is oftenasymptomatic.

Effect of liraglutide combined with basal insulin on blood glucose control, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by obesity

Objective:To investigate the effect of liraglutide combined with basal insulin on blood glucose control, lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by obesity.Methods: A total of 58 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by obesity who were diagnosed and treated in Xi'an No. 4 Hospital between February 2017 and August 2017 were divided into the control group (n=29) who received basal insulin therapy and the liraglutide group (n=29) who received liraglutide combined with basal insulin therapy according to random number table. The differences in the levels of glycolipid metabolism indexes and the contents of oxidative stress indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results: Before treatment, the differences in the levels of glycolipid metabolism indexes in peripheral blood and the contents of oxidative stress indexes in serum were not statistically significant between the two groups. After 1 month of treatment, glucose metabolism indexes FBG and HOMA-IR levels in peripheral blood of liraglutide group were lower than those of control group;lipid metabolism indexes TC, TG, ApoB levels in peripheral blood were lower than those of control group, ApoA1 level was higher than those of control group;serum oxidation indexes MDA and LHP contents were lower than those of control group whereas anti-oxidation indexes GSH-Px and T-AOC contents were higher than those of control group.Conclusion: Liraglutide combined with basal insulin therapy can further control the glucolipid metabolism levels and inhibit the systemic oxidative stress response in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated by obesity.

Micro-piezoelectric pulse diagnoser and frequency domain analysis of human pulse signals

Background:The theory of pulse diagnosis is to assess the physiological condition of the human body using radial pulse.However,pulses can vary markedly from person to person.Further,pulse diagnosis is difficult to learn and requires one-on-one teaching.Methods:To address this problem,we built a home-made pulse diagnoser and measured human pulses for studying the standardization of pulse diagnosis.Our pulse diagnoser was composed of a piezoelectric transducer,differential amplifier,data acquisition instrument,and a Matlab analysis program.The measured pulses were converted into electronic signals by a piezoelectric transducer and saved on a computer.The digitalized data were then refined and analyzed by fast Fourier transform for frequency analysis.Simulations were performed to assess the factors that affected the pulse,including phase shifts of reflected pulse waves (generate sub-peaks in pulses),inconsistent heart rates (deform pulse waves),the vessel stiffness (alter harmonic frequencies of the pulses),and the wave amplitudes (determined by the pulse strength).Results:By comparing a published report and our simulation findings,we characterized the pulse types and the effects of various factors,and then applied the findings to study actual pulses in patients.Three types of pulses were determined from the frequency spectrumchoppy pulse (Se mai) without apparent harmonic peaks,the harmonic frequencies of wiry pulse (Xian mai) that are non-integer multiples of the fundamental frequency,and surging pulse (Hong mai) that exhibit strong amplitudes in the spectrum of frequency.A normal pulse and a slippery pulse were differentiated by a phase shift,but not by assessing the frequency spectrum.Conclusion:These findings confirm that frequency domain analysis can avoid ambiguity arising in assessing the three types of pulses in the time domain.Further studies of other pulses in the frequency domain are required to develop a precise electronic pulse diagnoser.

National Textile Surveg to Diagnose:Healthy?

In Feb.and March 2008,a nation-wide survey to textile industry as conducted by Ministry of Commerce and China National Textile and Apparel Industry came to an end in the second week of March.The report provides some discussions from some of the companies that expressed their problems they met last year as a result of a series of government policies enforced in allegro.Their statements are given to show their concerns with their business,and their confidence in challenging these issues by making suggestions to the government.Their voices are recorded,but do not necessarily represent this magazine’s stance:

Validation of a Questionnaire to Diagnose the Baumann Skin Type in All Ethnicities and in Various Geographic Locations

The Baumann Skin Typing System diagnoses patients as having one of 16 skin types based on their answers to a validated questionnaire [i] known as the Baumann Skin Type Indicator [ii]. The BSTI questionnaire has been tested over the last decade on over 200,000 people of various ages and ethnicities in different geographic locations around the world. In this study, data were collected from 52,862 patients to compare skin type prevalence between those who presented to doctor’s offices and those who took the quiz without supervision online. The most common skin types varied only slightly between patients that took the quiz online and those that completed the questionnaire in their doctor’s office. This indicates that the prevalence of skin types seen in the doctor’s office is similar to that in the general population and that supervision is not necessary to get an accurate result on the BSTI. [iii] In addition, comparison of data gathered in China, Korea, and the US did not show a significant difference in skin type prevalence between Asian and Caucasian skin types. [iv] This study demonstrates that the English version of the BSTI is valid for English speaking patients online, and in doctors’ offices in the US, China and Korea.

Trend of prostate cancer diagnosed in Beijing Hospital from 1995 to 2008

Objective To evaluate the morbidity trend of prostate cancer since the clinical usage of PSA was introduced in Beijing Hospital. Methods Retrospectively we analyzed prostate cancer cases diagnosed in Beijing Hospital from 1995 to 2008. The incidence,age,PSA and clinical stage at diagnosis were taken into account.