Research on Coordination between Industrial Structure and Employment Structure in Shandong Province

Industrial structure has been continuously optimized and upgraded with the rapid development of economy in Shandong Province since1980. On the basis of summarizing the changes of industrial structure and employment structure in Shandong Province,the coordination between industrial structure and employment structure in Shandong Province was analyzed by using structure deviation degree and coordination coefficient,and some suggestions to promote the coordinated development of industrial structure and employment structure were put forward according to the practical situations of Shandong Province.

A Quantitative Study on the Relationship between Industrial Structure and Employment Structure in Yulin

Reasonable industrial structure can promote the benign development of employment structure, and the coordination of the employment structure but also for industrial restructuring and upgrading to lay a solid foundation. This article take Yulin as an example, uses 1990-2014 year three industrial output value and the employment population statistical data, uses the statistics gauging device that has conducted the quantitative investigation to the Yulin industrial structure and the employment structure relations. First, this paper describes the evolution process of Yulin’s industrial structure and employment structure. Secondly, it uses the correlation analysis to confirm the strong correlation between Yulin’s industrial structure and employment structure, then, from the industrial structure deviation and employment elasticity, and the second industry, the first industry, labor surplus. Finally, according to the research income, gives the rational distribution of industrial layout to promote employment growh in the third industry and the policy recommendations.

An Analysis of Social Security Coverage from the Perspective of Employment Structure: A Case Study of Basic Pension Insurance for Employees of Urban Enterprises

Since the 1990s,China has made great progress in developing its social security system,achieving the goal of universal coverage for various segments of the population.Nevertheless,it is urgent to improve the quality of coverage,specifically in tackling the problems of inadequate participation and reduced contribution levels in the private sector.This paper examines the changes in social security coverage over the past three decades,focusing on the basic pension insurance for employees of urban enterprises and analyzing it in terms of employment structure.A regression analysis of provincial panel data from 2001 to 2019 indicates a negative correlation between the adequacy rate of social security contributions and the number of employees in private entities and self-employed individuals.Additionally,an empirical analysis using micro-level data from enterprises further confirms lower contribution levels in private enterprises.In light of the present circumstances,it is important to focus on private enterprises,flexible workers,and self-employed individuals as key target groups for expanding social security coverage.Consequently,reforming the social security system should proactively adapt to the requirements of emerging employment formats,striving to achieve comprehensive coverage and enhance the quality of participation across various groups of people.

Study on the Industry Structure of Employment and Its Optimizing Measures in China

This article studies the change in the industry structure of employment in China based on the practical analysis of data of the change in the industry structure of employment and the production value of three major sectors and GNP. At the same time, the article studies the status quo of the industry structure of employment in China compared with other countries. On the basis of these studies, the article indicates the main problems in the industry structure of employment in China and gives some countermeasures to optimize it.

Employment Structure,Lewis Turning Point and the Labor Share of Income:Theoretical and Empirical Analysis

In the context of the labor market segmentation in China and its reaching the Lewis turning point,this paper interprets the changing trend of the labor share of income in China from the changing perspective of the employment ownership structure.The theoretical analysis reveals that the labor share of income follows a U-shaped curve when the agricultural labor force gradually moves into the private and self-employed sectors.Using the Chinese provincial-level panel dataset between 1990 and 2016,our empirical study finds that there is a critical threshold.When the share of agricultural labor force is above this threshold value,the impact of the increase in the employment share of the urban private sector on the labor share of income is negative.In contrast,the impact becomes positive when the share of the agricultural labor force is less than or equal to this threshold value.Moreover,the impacts of other variables of employment ownership structure don’t show this kind of feature on both sides of this threshold value.The increase in the employment share of the urban private sector accounted for about 29.37%of the growing labor share of income between 2007 and 2016.This paper provides policy implications in the following four areas:institutional guarantee improvement,harmonious labor relations establishment,redistribution policy imposition and economic development pattern transformation.

Industrial and Employment Structural Imbalance in Northeast China and Agricultural Enhancement

Balanced development between industrial and employment structures are important indicators of regional economic and social health. By introducing indicators such as industrial structure deviation, comparative labor productivity, international comparison of relative labor productivity as well as employment elasticity, the paper further probed into intricate causes for the imbalance between industrial and employment structures in this specific region from a new angle which based on the evolution process analyses of both industrial and employment structures in Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang in Northeast China. The paper also suggested policy measures to strengthen agricultural developments and to facilitate the balance between industrial and employment structures.

Au Microdisk-Size Dependence of Quantum Dot Emission from the Hybrid Metal-Distributed Bragg Reflector Structures Employed for Single Photon Sources

We investigate metallic microdisk-size dependence of quantum dot （QD） spontaneous emission rate and micro- antenna directional emission effect for the hybrid metM-distributed Bragg reflector structures based on a particular single QD emission. It is found that the measured photolumineseence （PL） intensity is very sensitive to the size of metMlic disk, showing an enhancement factor of 11 when the optimal disk diameter is 2μm and the numerical aperture of microscope objective NA=0.5. It is found that for large metal disks, the Purcell effect is dominant for enhanced PL intensity, whereas for small size disks the main contribution comes from plasmon scattering at the disk edge within the light cone collected by the microscope objective.

International Trade Barriers Complaints and Structural Employment： A Conceptual and Quantitative Macro-perspective

Free trade is beneficial for all nations. Pareto optimality can be reached by trade without barriers, leading to maximizing total welfare of nations involved. Yet there are clear cases of complaining at the World Trade Organization （WTO） in which home bias is plausibly the reason for complaining, rather than objective criteria of the rules of trade agreements. Next to home bias in individual cases induced home bias leading to complaining at WTO might also be a trend. Using correlation and stepwise regression analysis a dataset on 28 complaining countries is analysed. The number of complaints at the WTO is the dependent variable in exploratory modeling. Independent variables are various variables on economic structure. Structural unemployment （SUN）, agricultural import share, current account balance, international property rights （IPR）, and foreign direct investment （FDI） turned out to be significantly related to the number of complaints. This is a strong indicator that complaining at the WTO is at least partly induced by other than objective factors. One of these factors other than objective factors could be considered as an induced home bias which leads to disruptive trade. The established relationship with one of these factors indicates the existence of induced home bias as an actual trend based on the outcomes of the analysis presented.

Existing contradictions and problems in China’s current economic and social development

Since the 18th National Congress of Communist Party of China(CPC),China has made important achievements and headway in economic and social development.However,now more than ever the focus should be on the conflicts and problems that continue to exist in China’s economy.This paper examines six of them:(1)lack of a firm foundation for sustaining steady economic growth;(2)risks and hidden dangers in the financial,banking,and real estate sectors and massive overcapacity in some industries;(3)increasing difficulty in increasing agricultural production and raising rural incomes;(4)severe air,water,and soil pollution in certain regions and the arduous task of energy conservation and emissions reduction;(5)major structural problems constraining employment;and(6)issues of people’s livelihood that have been the source of dissatisfaction for many Chinese citizens.