Does the scleral encircling band provide a protective effect against the progression of diabetic retinopathy?

AIM: To evaluate the effect of scleral encircling bands on the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in diabetic patients.METHODS: The medical records of diabetic patients who underwent unilateral retinal detachment(RD) surgery using scleral buckle and encircling band were reviewed retrospectively. Both eyes of patients were included in the study: one eye in each patient had a scleral buckle with encircling band(the operated eye) and the other one is the non-operated eye. The demographic characters, duration of diabetes and period between surgery and the last recall visit were retrieved from each patient. All the cases underwent fundus photo and fluorescein angiography(when indicated) to confirm the DR staging.RESULTS: Totally 25 patients fulfilled the inclusion and the exclusion criteria were become eligible for the study. A total of 50 eyes of 25 patients were enrolled in this analysis. The mean period of time passed from surgery with encircling band and the last reassessment visit was 12.5±2 y. Even though DR could develop in the operated eyes, it was at a less degree of severity compared to the non-operated eyes of same patients(P=0.027).CONCLUSION: Scleral encircling bands have protective effects against the development and progression of DR.

Effects of scleral encircling surgery on vitreous cavity length and diopter

AIM： To observe the changes of vitreous cavity length and diopter after scleral encircling（SE） produce.·METHODS： This prospective study included 68 eyes of68 non-consecutive patients with macula-off retinal detachment who were operated by SE surgery. The corneal refractive power, ocular axial length and diopter were measured by keratometer, A-mode ultrasonic meter and computed dioptometer.· RESULTS： There was no significant difference in corneal refractive power among preoperative and post operative 1, 3 and 6mo（0.57±0.54 D at pre-surgery; 0.72±0.26 D at 1mo; 0.71 ±0.34 D at 3mo; 0.69 ±0.31 D at 6mo;all P 〉0.05）. Axial lengths were obviously lengthened,especially in vitreous cavity length（17.87 ±3.09 mm,19.69 ±3.12 mm, 18.97 ±3.56 mm, 18.76 ±3.47 mm, 18.68 ±3.42 mm at pre-surgery, 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo postoperatively,P 〈0.05） and diopter also increased at beginning and then recovered gradually. After 1 and 3 mo, axial length（vitreous cavity length） and myopia were more and in higher degree than before surgery.·CONCLUSION： The change of postoperative vitreous cavity length is the main factor that results in the changes of axial length and then makes the change of diopter.

TREATMENT OF FEMORAL VENOUS INCOMPETENCE BY ENCIRCLING CONSTRICTING SUTURE OF THE FEMORAL VENOUS WALL

Chronic venous incompetence of the lower extramities is a common disease whose etilogy and surgical treatment has been proposed by several authors. Histner (1975) discribed primary valvular incompetency and the effect of valvuloplasty. By the usage of phlebographe, we found that the cause of valvular incompetence was the dilatation of venous lumen, which made the valve relatively smaller. The function of valve may be restored by the circular suture of femoral vein wall below the first valve so as to reduce the dilated venous lumen. during the period from 1984 to 1994, 151 cases have been treated by this new technique. This report presents our experience in using encircling constricting suture method of the femoral venous wall.

Elliptical encirclement control capable of reinforcing performances for UAVs around a dynamic target

Most researches associated with target encircling control are focused on moving along a circular orbit under an ideal environment free from external disturbances.However,elliptical encirclement with a time-varying observation radius,may permit a more flexible and high-efficacy enclosing solution,whilst the non-orthogonal property between axial and tangential speed components,non-ignorable environmental perturbations,and strict assignment requirements empower elliptical encircling control to be more challenging,and the relevant investigations are still open.Following this line,an appointed-time elliptical encircling control rule capable of reinforcing circumnavigation performances is developed to enable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)to move along a specified elliptical path within a predetermined reaching time.The remarkable merits of the designed strategy are that the relative distance controlling error can be guaranteed to evolve within specified regions with a designer-specified convergence behavior.Meanwhile,wind perturbations can be online counteracted based on an unknown system dynamics estimator(USDE)with only one regulating parameter and high computational efficiency.Lyapunov tool demonstrates that all involved error variables are ultimately limited,and simulations are implemented to confirm the usability of the suggested control algorithm.

Use of specific acupuncture techniques in lingering nummular eczema:A case report

Background:Nummular eczema(NE)is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritic coinshaped lesions and a long-lasting and easy-relapsing course,which severely decreases patients’quality of life.This case was designed to observe the effects of specific acupuncture techniques on pruritic NE management.Case presentation:A 22-year-old female was first diagnosed with pruritic NE three years earlier.No allergies were found in the patch test;while emotional stress would trigger and aggravate the NE.External application of 0.1%tacrolimus failed to reverse this condition over a long period of treatment.Treatment&outcomes:An individualized acupuncture treatment protocol was identified.Half needling and encircling needling were applied at local eczematous lesions,with routine needling at meridian points,once per week,for 12 treatment sessions.All outcome measures,including the Eczema Area and Severity Index,Visual Analogue Scale score for pruritus,Self-Rating Anxiety Score,and Dermatology Quality Life Index,substantially improved over 6 months from pre-treatment to 3 months posttreatment.Conclusion:Acupuncture might be a promising non-pharmacological treatment method for patients with NE,especially for those with emotional stress.A randomized controlled trial with an adequate sample size and rigorous study design is required to verify the results of the study.

形状记忆合金环抱器在骨折中的应用(英文)

Objective:To evaluate the effect of encircled fixer of shape memory alloy on bone fracture. Methods:A total of twenty patients with eighteen males and two females was studied. There were three patients with fractares in the upper one third of thighbone, five with fractures in the middle part of thighbone, six with humeral fractures, three with collarbone fractures,one with ulna fracture and two with thighbone fractures as complication of artificial hipbone arthroplasty. After exposure and fixation of fracture ends, prepared encircled fixer was inserted into 0～4℃ normal reline(NS) to lower its temperature, then pulled out with a clamp. Encircled fixer was put on the tersile side of the fractured bone(center pointed to fracture line), restored and stabilized after raising temperature in 40℃ NS. Results: Encircled fixers of shape memory alloy were used to treat twenty patients with bone fracture.Clinical concrescence was obtained in 1.5 to 3 months after operation,and the joint gained its normal function without complication. Conclusion:Encircled fixer of shape memory alloy has features as exerting vertical pressure continoulsy, little stress shield effect and convenient manipulation, especially adapt to stem fracture after artificial arthroplasty.

Hybrid Conflict and Encirclement： Reconfiguration of Eastern Europe by NATO, Trade Barriers, and a Chinese Solution for Greece

The Russian Federation unilaterally invaded the Republic of Ukraine＇s Crimean Peninsula, then commenced to occupy more of Eastern Ukraine on the transparent pretext of protecting Russian speakers in 2014, using masked ＂zombie＂ fighters but denied that they were uniformed Russian soldiers, violating several agreements from 1954 to 1994 and legitimate international expectations before and afterwards. Elections were held, seriatim, one alter another, contrived supposedly to reflect the wishes of ethnic Russians in cities along Ukraine＇s eastern border, results of which triggered declarations by separatists of ＂independence＂ followed by formation of ＂people＇s republics＂ as city states. What this signifies is a clash of cultural expectations： of core values, both in the hearts and minds of all parties involved, and in the methods chosen by Russian Federation and Ukrainian independence movement leaders compared with Western governments. If Russia is revoking its transfer of the Crimea to Ukraine on an assertion that such transfer 60 years back was improvident then the Western Alliance should respond by revoking the Potsdam Declaration and other agreements investing Russia with control of Krnigsberg （renamed Kaliningrad） including the Treaty of Paris, and possibly revoking commitments made improvidently at the Teheran and Yalta summit conferences, transferring what was Eastern Poland west of the Curzon Line to the Soviet Union and eventually to Ukraine. If the West will tolerate a Russian siege of Crimea, it should forthwith impose an Allied siege of Kaliningrad and occupy that oblast immediately, retuming Krnigsberg to sovereignty under Lithuanian or Polish and EU control with annexation as a NATO base. What the West with NATO must do is to fight encirclement with encirclement including military, information, economic, trade encirclement as part of what is termed ＂hybrid warfare＂. Stopping military advancement eastward into Europe is only one prong of the problem. Another is Greece, a country that has formed the foundation of the defense of Europe to its own economic detriment. Ukraine as a hot spot is the consequence of China＇s ambition to partner with Ukraine in construction of a post-Panamax deep water cargo port on the Crimean peninsula, prompting Russian Federation opposition （Chinese Billionaire, 2013）. This paper proposes that China transfer its deep water port to Greece fund it through a new East Europe Infrastructure Investment Bank （EEIIB）, achieve the same USD Trillion annual trade influx into the European Union, relieve Greece＇s agony without austerity by inaugurating a Chinese ＂Marshall Plan＂ to become the ＂Chen Yi Plan＂, relieve Greece＇s economic agony without imposing austerity by relocating China＇s planned deep water post-Panamax mega-port from Yevpatoria in Crimean Peninsula to a suitable Greek port, thereby making Greece sustainably rich much as the Marshall Plan did for post-war Germany.

The Dimensions and Perceptual Meaning of Chinese New Year Painting as a Form of Visual Encirclement

As mankind was one kind of aesthetic species,the visual study of Marxist philosophy has profound enlightenment in understanding the New Year paintings' visual meaning,form,development,cultivation,and features etc.In essence,Chinese folk New Year paintings is a visual expression,its nature of being pasted at home makes it a visual encirclement for the Chinese people,this vision encirclement in the home space gradually expands,constitutes a spiritual home with different cultural space,living environment,image schema,and secular and religious faith scope,in this visual encirclement,people's home life achieves the satisfaction,peace and self–comfort in diversity.The"childrenization"of New Year paintings reveals a close relationship between the immature of folk art and the original art as human childhood,and from the both aspects of form and content reflects the visual encirclement is actually a kind of siege with cultural significance,this siege has multiple levels in value ideas,historical tradition,ethical order and life knowledge,aesthetic taste and so on,makes us have a new aesthetic anthropology on the New Year paintings.

Treatment of 60 Cases of Senile Herpes Zoster by Encircled Acupuncture plus Valaciclovir

Objective： To observe the clinical therapeutic effect and safety of local encircled acupuncture plus valaciclovir in treating senile herpes zoster. Methods： Sixty senile patients with herpes zoster were divided into two groups. In acupuncture and medicine group, the patients were treated by encircled acupuncture plus valaciclovir. The needle was inserted about 0.8 curl away from herpes and to form an angle of 15° with the skin around the skin lesion. During treatment, valaciclovir was taken orally 300 mg every time, twice every day for successive 10 days. In western medicine group, valaciclovir was taken orally 300 mg every time, twice every day for successive 10 days. Results： The time of stopping herpes, relieving pain and scabbing in acupuncture and medicine group was significantly lower than that in western group. Conclusion： Local encircled acupuncture plus valaciclovir in treating senile herpes zoster got effects quickly and could effectively shorten the course of disease and reduce the incidence rate of residual neuralgia.