Internet based environmental monitoring information system and its application in Yili Prefecture

With the development of Internet technologies, Internet Based Information System (IBIS) arises with more advantages: Firstly, it is convenient for users to use owing to the introduction of Internet technologies. Secondly, it benefits greatly the data dissemination and data sharing based on Internet. The most important but not the last is that we can establish the information service network supported by its technologies and the facilities of information highway. So, it would be significant to design IBIS to realize the data collection, sharing and dissemination on Internet. There are many factors affecting regional environment. So it is not easy to realize the integrated environmental monitoring. Given this, we designed the Internet based environmental monitoring information system. By the virtue of the Internet based environmental monitoring information system, the management and storage of environmental monitoring data would be easier, which lays the foundation to actualize the environmental monitoring efficiently.

Environmental monitoring of the Zhujiang Estuary and its coastal waters

The Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary is a complex water system whose catchments basincovers a very large part of southern China. The large quantity of fresh water carried by the river system flows into the northern coast of the South China Sea through its eight inlets. The Zhujiang River Delta has experienced the fastest economic growth in China during the past two decades. Rapid population expansion and increased industrial development coupled with insufficient waste management turned the Zhujiang Estuary into waste disposal channels just before entering the coastal waters. The water quality of the estuaries and the coastal oceans has become polluted. During the past two years, an intensive study and monitoring efforts of the pollutions of these waters have been made. A systematic and integrated monitoring task including shore-based measurements, shipboard in-situ measurements, and satellite and radar remote sensing surveys has been completed. Comprehensive collection of physical, chemical and biological parameters has been accomplished and a database has been established. Unlike the previous large scale-monitoring task in which the various pollutant concentrations were the objective, the present study aims to understand the process of the pollution from their initial disposal to their final states. The understanding of the processes makes it possible to evaluate the severity of the pollution with respect to the sustainability. Also the objective is to incorporate these processes into the mathematical models from which a predictive capability of the pollution situation can be realized. The present presentation will describe the planning, methodology and the results of this effort.

Study on the System of Aquatic Environmental Monitoring Methods in China

The development of Chinese system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was summarized. The existing problem of the system of aquatic environmental monitoring methods was analyzed. At last, some suggestions were made on setting and implementing the system of aquat- ic environmental monitoring methods in China.

Self-Driving Algorithm and Location Estimation Method forSmall Environmental Monitoring Robot in Underground Mines

In underground mine environments where various hazards exist,such as tunnel collapse,toxic gases,the application of autonomous robots can improve the stability of exploration and efficiently perform repetitive exploratory operations.In this study,we developed a small autonomous driving robot for unmanned environmental monitoring in underground mines.The developed autonomous driving robot controls the steering according to the distance to the tunnel wall measured using the light detection and ranging sensor mounted on the robot to estimate its location by simultaneously considering the measured values of the inertial measurement unit and encoder sensors.In addition,the robot autonomously drives through the underground mine and performs environmental monitoring using the temperature/humidity,gas,and particle sensors mounted on the robot.As a result of testing the performance of the developed robot at an amethyst mine in Korea,the robot was found to be able to autonomously drive through tunnel sections with∼28 m length,∼2.5 m height,and∼3 m width successfully.The average error of location estimation was approximately 0.16 m.Using environmental monitoring sensors,temperature of 15–17◦C,humidity of 42%–43%,oxygen concentration of 15.6%–15.7%,and particle concentration of 0.008–0.38 mg/m3 were measured in the experimental area,and no harmful gases were detected.In addition,an environmental monitoring map could be created using the measured values of the robot’s location coordinates and environmental factors recorded during autonomous driving.

Wireless environmental monitoring system for transformer substation based on acoustic sensor

In this paper, an indoor environmental monitoring solution is proposed for the transformer sub- station system by using the ZigBee technology. It mainly analyzes the principle of sulfur hexafluoride sensor based on the acoustic method and puts forward a difference data processing method of single- channel and temperature compensation point at power consumption issues for sensor detection. The method not only reduces the sensor power consumption, but also ensures the accuracy and extends the lifetime of wireless sensor nodes effectively. This paper also analyzes the design of the base sta- tion mode, and demonstrates the running processes of routers and sensors. The feasibility of the pro- posed approach has been testified and proved.

Information Technology in Environmental Monitoring for Territorial System Ecological Assessment

The environmental monitoring dataset of Rivne region territory （Ukraine） was analyzed using remote sensing technology and statistical analysis. The article reveals approaches to anthropogenic impact specificity assessment based on methods of correlation analysis. The information technology to assess soil quality based on satellite images decoding was created.

Analysis of Existing Problems and Treatment Methods of Urban Environmental Monitoring

With the rapid development of the city,the concept of ecological environment has been integrated into everyone’s heart.In the new era,people also have higher requirements for the quality of living environment.However,at this stage,with the development of urbanization and industrialization,the problem of environmental pollution has become more and more serious.Therefore,we must do a good job in urban environmental monitoring,pay attention to the protection of urban environment,design and implement effective governance methods,so as to improve the quality of environmental governance.This article analyzes the problems in urban environmental monitoring,and formulates reasonable treatment methods and suggestions.

The Important Role of Quality Management in Environmental Monitoring

Environmental protection is an important topic of global concern in recent years,and environmental monitoring is one of the most intuitive and effective means to reflect the environmental situation.With the increasing task of environmental monitoring,the number of environmental monitoring institutions is increasing.It should strengthen quality management to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of environmental monitoring results.

REMOTE SENSING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN GUANGZHOU

The comprehensive investigation of aerial remote sensing in Guangzhou was a systematic project to meet the needs of urban construction, planning and management, and environmental protection by the remote sensing technique. The project was consisted of five parts, i.e., urban geology, natural resources, urban developing state, urban environment and a series of remote sensing mapping. This paper shows the ways to monitor the environment of Guanzhou by the aerial remote sensing technique.

Applications of Satellite Remote Sensing Technology in China's Environmental Monitoring

The environmental conditions in China are still very serious. In the years to come, the mission for environmental treatment and protection, supervision,

A Multi-Agent System for Environmental Monitoring Using Boolean Networks and Reinforcement Learning

Distributed wireless sensor networks have been shown to be effective for environmental monitoring tasks,in which multiple sensors are deployed in a wide range of the environments to collect information or monitor a particular event,Wireless sensor networks,consisting of a large number of interacting sensors,have been successful in a variety of applications where they are able to share information using different transmission protocols through the communication network.However,the irregular and dynamic environment requires traditional wireless sensor networks to have frequent communications to exchange the most recent information,which can easily generate high communication cost through the collaborative data collection and data transmission.High frequency communication also has high probability of failure because of long distance data transmission.In this paper,we developed a novel approach to multi-sensor environment monitoring network using the idea of distributed system.Its communication network can overcome the difficulties of high communication cost and Single Point of Failure(SPOF)through the decentralized approach,which performs in-network computation.Our approach makes use of Boolean networks that allows for a non-complex method of corroboration and retains meaningful information regarding the dynamics of the communication network.Our approach also reduces the complexity of data aggregation process and employee a reinforcement learning algorithm to predict future event inside the environment through the pattern recognition.

Self-powered wireless environmental monitoring system for in-service bridges by galloping piezoelectric-triboelectric hybridized energy harvester

The energy harvesting technology for the ubiquitous natural wind enables a desirable solution to the issue of distributed sensors in the bridge environmental sensing Internet of Things(Io T)system being restricted to conventional energy supply.In this work,a self-powered system based on a compact galloping piezoelectric-triboelectric energy harvester(GPTEH)is developed to achieve efficient wind energy harvesting.The GPTEH is constructed on the prototype of a cantilever structure with piezoelectric macro-fiber composite(MFC)sheets and a rectangular bluff body with triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs).Through a special swing-type structural design with iron blocks inside the bluff body,the GPTEH exhibits preferable aerodynamic behavior and excellent energy conversion efficiency,compared to conventional cantilever kind of piezoelectric wind energy harvester(PWEH).The GPTEH also demonstrates the capability of high output power density(PEH of 23.65 W m^(-2)and TENG of 1.59 W m^(-2)),superior response wind speed(about 0.5 m s^(-1)),and excellent long-term stability(over 14000 cyclic tests).Furthermore,a power management system is developed to efficiently utilize the output energy from GPTEH to power the sensors and wirelessly transmit environmental data to the terminals.The proposed GPTEH-powered system exhibits a great potential for the bridge environmental monitoring and Io T technologies.

Comprehensive evaluation method of urban air quality statistics based on environmental monitoring data and its application

Air quality monitoring is effective for timely understanding of the current air quality status of a region or city.Currently,the huge volume of environmental monitoring data,which has reasonable real-time performance,provides strong support for in-depth analysis of air pollution characteristics and causes.However,in the era of big data,to meet current demands for fine management of the atmospheric environment,it is important to explore the characteristics and causes of air pollution from multiple aspects for comprehensive and scientific evaluation of air quality.This study reviewed and summarized air quality evaluation methods on the basis of environmental monitoring data statistics during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,and evaluated the level of air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas(i.e.,the“2+26”region)during the period of the three-year action plan to fight air pollution.We suggest that air quality should be comprehensively,deeply,and scientifically evaluated from the aspects of air pollution characteristics,causes,and influences of meteorological conditions and anthropogenic emissions.It is also suggested that a threeyear moving average be introduced as one of the evaluation indexes of long-term change of pollutants.Additionally,both temporal and spatial differences should be considered when removing confounding meteorological factors.

Scalable rolling-structured triboelectric nanogenerator with high power density for water wave energy harvesting toward marine environmental monitoring

In the context of advocating a green and low-carbon era,ocean energy,as a renewable strategic resource,is an important part of planning and building a new energy system.Triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)arrays provide feasible and efficient routes for large-scale harvesting of ocean energy.In previous work,a spherical rolling-structured TENG with three-dimensional(3D)electrodes based on rolling motion of dielectric pellets was designed and fabricated for effectively harvesting low-frequency water wave energy.In this work,the external shape of the scalable rolling-structured TENG(SR-TENG)and internal filling amount of pellets were mainly optimized,achieving an average power density of 10.08 W∙m^(−3)under regular triggering.In actual water waves,the SR-TENG can deliver a maximum peak power density of 80.29 W∙m^(−3)and an average power density of 6.02 W∙m^(−3),which are much greater than those of most water wave-driven TENGs.Finally,through a power management,an SR-TENG array with eight units was demonstrated to successfully power portable electronic devices for monitoring the marine environment.The SR-TENGs could promote the development and utilization of ocean blue energy,providing a new paradigm for realizing the carbon neutrality goal.

AlphaMobileSensing:A virtual testbed for mobile environmental monitoring

Environmental monitoring plays a critical role in creating and maintaining a comfortable,productive,and healthy environment.Built upon the advancements of robotics and data processing,mobile sensing demonstrates its potential to address problems regarding cost,deployment,and resolution that stationary monitoring encounters,which therefore has attracted increasing research attentions recently.To facilitate mobile sensing,two key algorithms are needed:the field reconstruction algorithm and the route planning algorithm.The field reconstruction algorithm is to reconstruct the entire environment field from spatially-and temporally-discrete measurements collected by the mobile sensors.The route planning algorithm is to instruct the mobile sensors where the mobile sensor needs to move to for the next measurements.The performance of mobile sensors highly depends on these two algorithms.However,developing and testing those algorithms in the real world is expensive,challenging,and time-consuming.To address these issues,we proposed and implemented an open-source virtual testbed,AlphaMobileSensing,that can be used to develop,test,and benchmark mobile sensing algorithms.AlphaMobileSensing aims to help users more easily develop and test the field reconstruction and route planning algorithms for mobile sensing solutions,without worrying about hardware fault,test accidents(such as collision during the test),etc.The separation of concerns can significantly reduce the cost of developing software solutions for mobile sensing.For versatility and flexibility,AlphaMobileSensing was wrapped up using the standardized interface of OpenAI Gym,and it also provides an interface for loading physical fields that were generated by numerical simulations as virtual test sites to perform mobile sensing and retrieving monitoring data.We demonstrated applications of the virtual testbed by implementing and testing algorithms for physical field reconstruction in both static and dynamic indoor thermal environments.AlphaMobileSensing provides a novel and flexible platform to develop,test,and benchmark mobile sensing algorithms more easily,conveniently,and efficiently.AlphaMobileSensing is open sourced at https://github.com/kishuqizhou/AlphaMobileSensing.

IoT-Enabled Plant Monitoring System with Power Optimization and Secure Authentication

Global food security is a pressing issue that affects the stability and well-being of communities worldwide.While existing Internet of Things(IoT)enabled plant monitoring systems have made significant strides in agricultural monitoring,they often face limitations such as high power consumption,restricted mobility,complex deployment requirements,and inadequate security measures for data access.This paper introduces an enhanced IoT application for agricultural monitoring systems that address these critical shortcomings.Our system strategically combines power efficiency,portability,and secure access capabilities,assisting farmers in monitoring and tracking crop environmental conditions.The proposed system includes a remote camera that captures images of surrounding plants and a sensor module that regularly monitors various environmental factors,including temperature,humidity,and soil moisture.We implement power management strategies to minimize energy consumption compared to existing solutions.Unlike conventional systems,our implementation utilizes the Amazon Web Services(AWS)cloud platform for reliable data storage and processing while incorporating comprehensive security measures,including Two-Factor Authentication(2FA)and JSON Web Tokens(JWT),features often overlooked in current agricultural IoT solutions.Users can access this secure monitoring system via a developed Android application,providing convenient mobile access to the gathered plant data.We validate our system’s advantages by implementing it with two potted garlic plants on Okayama University’s rooftop.Our evaluation demonstrates high sensor reliabil-ity,with strong correlations between sensor readings and reference data,achieving determination coefficients(R2)of 0.979 for temperature and 0.750 for humidity measurements.The implemented power management strategies extend battery life to 10 days on a single charge,significantly outperforming existing systems that typically require daily recharging.Furthermore,our dual-layer security implementation utilizing 2FA and JWT successfully protects sensitive agricultural data from unauthorized access.

Design of IoT-based Volatile Organic Compounds Monitoring System

Volatile organic compounds(VOC)gas detection devices based on semiconductor sensors have become a common method due to their low cost,simple principle,and small size.However,with the continuous development of materials science,various new materials have been applied in the fabrication of gas sensors,but these new materials have more stringent requirements for operating temperature,which cannot be met by existing sensor modules on the market.Therefore,this paper proposes a temperature-adjustable sensor module and designs an environmental monitoring system based on the STM32F103RET6 microprocessor.This system primarily utilizes multiple semiconductor gas sensors to monitor and record the concentrations of various harmful gases in different environments.It can also monitor real-time temperature,humidity,and latitude and longitude in the current environment,and upload the data to the Internet of Things via 4G communication.This system has the advantages of small size,portability,and low cost.Experimental results show that the sensor module can achieve precise control of operating temperature to a certain extent,with an average temperature error of approximately 3%.The monitoring system demonstrates a certain level of accuracy in detecting target gases and can promptly upload the data to a cloud platform for storage and processing.A comparison with professional testing equipment shows that the sensitivity curves of each sensor exhibit similarity.This study provides engineering and technical references for the application of VOC gas sensors.

Key Environmental Factors Monitoring System of Low-power Greenhouse Based on WSN Technology

A low-power environmental monitoring system based on WSN technology is proposed to effectively monitor the environmental status and ensure the healthy growth of greenhouse crops in the greenhouse. The system performs dynamic mon- itoring on the environmental data of temperature, humidity, illumination, soil tempera- ture and humidity of the greenhouse, and it reduces the energy consumption by us- ing solar energy and lithium battery as the power supply mode and dynamic power management algorithm combined with improved routing protocol. Stable and reliable, the system could effectively monitor the key environmental factors in the green- house, making it of certain promotion value.

Nanozyme:A promising tool from clinical diagnosis and environmental monitoring to wastewater treatment

Natural enzymes,owing to their outstanding catalytic efficiency and substrate specificity,have been used in a variety of applications including clinical diagnosis,environmental monitoring and wastewater treatment.However,they face inevitable problems such as relatively high cost and lack of stability,dramatically hindering their practical applications in the industry.Recently,a class of nanomaterial that possesses intrinsic enzyme-like properties,nanozyme,has emerged exhibiting numerous advantages over its natural counterpart and has been used as a viable enzyme alternative.In the past decade there are many reviews on nanozyme.The previous discussions tend to view nanozyme as a type of nanomaterial rather than an enzyme.However,it is the enzyme-like activity of nanozymes that provides foundation for their application and nanozymes with the same enzymatic activity usually have some regularity in application.Herein,in this review,we attempt to classify nanozymes by their enzyme-like activity to explain the application principle and relevant cases of nanozymes in clinical diagnosis,environmental monitoring and wastewater treatment,expecting to promote deeper thinking of nanozymes as enzyme mimics and provide useful guidance for future research.

Advances in Biosensing and Environmental Monitoring Based on Electrospun Nanofbers

Electrospun nanofbers(NFs)are directly produced by electrospinning technology.They are useful in a series of applications such as excellent performance in biosensing and environmental monitoring,due to their large specifc surface area and high porosity.The wide range of materials used provide a solid foundation and core guarantee for electrospun NFs to sense,which are used in a variety of polymers,small molecules,colloidal particles,and composites.Biosensing primarily aims at small biomolecules,biomacromolecules,wearable human motion monitoring,and food safety testing.Environmental monitoring encompasses the detection of gases,humidity,volatile organic compounds,and monitoring the degradation of heavy metal ions.We aim to sort out some recent research for electrospun NFs in the sensing area,which may inspire emerging smart sensing devices and bring a novel approach for biomedical development and environmental remediation.We highlight the powerful applications of electrospun NFs in the rapidly growing feld of wearable electronic devices,which may spur the industry’s novel perspectives on the development of wearables.Finally,we point out some unresolved difculties in the sensing feld for electrospun NFs and propose possible and novel ideas for this development.