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Effects of erect panicle genotype and environment interactions on rice yield and yield components
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作者 WANG Yuan-zheng Olusegun IDOWU +5 位作者 WANG Yun HOMMA Koki NAKAZAKI Tetsuya ZHENG Wen-jing XU Zheng-jin SHIRAIWA Tatsuhiko 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第3期716-726,共11页
The dense and erect panicle (EP) genotype conferred by DEP1 has been widely used in the breeding of high-yield Chinese japonica rice varieties.However,the breeding value of the EP genotype has rarely been determined a... The dense and erect panicle (EP) genotype conferred by DEP1 has been widely used in the breeding of high-yield Chinese japonica rice varieties.However,the breeding value of the EP genotype has rarely been determined at the plant population level.Therefore,the effects of the interaction of EP genotype and the environment at different locations and times on rice yield and its various components were investigated in this study.Two sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs)of EP and non-EP (NEP) genotypes with Liaojing 5 (LG5) and Akitakomachi (AKI) backgrounds were grown in the field in 2016 and 2017 in Shenyang,China,and Kyoto,Japan.In 2018,these sets were grown only in Kyoto,Japan.The average yields of the EP and NEP genotypes were 6.67 and 6.13 t ha^(-1)for the AKI background,and 6.66 and 6.58 t ha^(-1)for the LG5 background,respectively.The EP genotype positively affected panicle number (PN) and grain number per square meter (GNPM),mostly resulting in a positive effect on harvest index (HI).In contrast,the EP genotype exerted a negative effect on thousand-grain weight (KGW).The ratio of the performance of the EP genotype relative to the NEP genotype in terms of yield and total biomass correlated positively with mean daily solar radiation during a 40-day period around heading.These results indicate that the effectiveness of the EP genotype depends on the availability of solar radiation,and the effect of this genotype is consistently positive for sink formation,conditional in terms of source capacity,and positive in a high-radiation environment. 展开更多
关键词 erect panicle genotype by environment interaction rice(Oryza sativa L.) solar radiation YIELD
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Preliminary Research of the Regular Pattern between Flavonoids Content and the Age of Erect Type Ophiopogon jaonicus 被引量:14
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作者 郭星 程方叙 +3 位作者 廖政 张兴国 曹原湘 文便便 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2008年第5期142-144,共3页
[Objective] The experiment aimed to inquire into the regular pattern of the flavonoids content in erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus preliminarily.[Methods]In the main Ophiopogon jaonicus-producing area,we use the method ... [Objective] The experiment aimed to inquire into the regular pattern of the flavonoids content in erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus preliminarily.[Methods]In the main Ophiopogon jaonicus-producing area,we use the method of home position dynamic method to gather sample for experiments,use UV to determine the flavonoids content in Ophiopogon jaonicus and use correlation and regression method to analyze the relation between flavonoids content and the growth period of Ophiopogon jaonicus.[Results]The relation between flavonoids content(y1)and the growth period(x∥d)of erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus is:y=1.235 6lnx-4.748 9(n=7,50≤x≤730,0≤y≤3.128,r0.001=0.950 7,r=0.954 2).[Conclusion]During a determinate time(50≤x≤730),positive correlation exists between flavonoids content and the growth period of Ophiopogon jaonicus.Our research has a great importance in directing the scientific harvest and GAP production of erect type Ophiopogon jaonicus. 展开更多
关键词 erect TYPE Ophiopogon jaonicus Growth PERIOD FLAVONOIDS UV-method Correlation and regression METHOD
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Regaining of morning erection and sexual confidence in patients with erectile dysfunction 被引量:9
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作者 Sae-Chul Kim 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第6期703-708,共6页
Aim: To investigate how erectile dysfunction (ED) medications affect morning erection in patients with ED and how they respond to the return of morning erection. Methods: This study was conducted in 120 patients w... Aim: To investigate how erectile dysfunction (ED) medications affect morning erection in patients with ED and how they respond to the return of morning erection. Methods: This study was conducted in 120 patients who experienced successful intercourse with either tadalafil or sildenafil. Using a random face-to-face interview and a questionnaire (about the quality and number of days getting morning erection after using the two medications), the impact of the medications on the morning erections was investigated, and the participants were asked about their feelings on regaining morning erection. Results: Of the respondents, 81% (68% of those with sildenafil and 99% of those with tadalafil) experienced morning erections after taking an oral ED medication. The men who took tadalafil mainly for 2 days with one dose, while those who took sildenafil experienced morning erections mainly for 1 day. The major sentiment upon regaining a morning erection was, "having more confidence as a man" (74%). Among the 96 respondents who experienced morning erections with tadalafil, 52% preferred tadalafil over sildenafil, not only because of freedom from concerns about a specific time to have relations, but also regaining morning erection. Conclusion: Regaining a morning erection affects the recovery of confidence as a man and influences the preference for tadalafil over sildenafil. 展开更多
关键词 morning erection sexual confidence SILDENAFIL TADALAFIL erectile dysfunction
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Characteristics of sildenafil erections in healthy young men 被引量:2
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作者 Onder Yaman Zafer Tokatli +2 位作者 Murat Akand Atilla H. Elhan Kadri Anafarta 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第4期395-398, ,共4页
Aim: To determine the effect of sildenafil citrate on the nocturnal penile erections (i.e. time to onset, the duration of erection, and the interval between first and second erections) of healthy young men. Methods... Aim: To determine the effect of sildenafil citrate on the nocturnal penile erections (i.e. time to onset, the duration of erection, and the interval between first and second erections) of healthy young men. Methods: Twenty-two potent men, 23-29 years old, were recruited for the study. All subjects completed three sessions over consecutive nights using the RigiScan monitoring device (Dacomed, Minneapolis, USA). After a first night of adaptation, night 2 records were their baseline values, and on night 3 they received 100 mg of sildenafil citrate. Statistical comparisons were done between the second and third night data. Results: The mean time to onset of the first erection with sildenafil citrate was (34 ± 18) min, whereas it was (74 ± 24) min (P 〈 0.001) without sildenafil citrate. The number of erections observed during the first 5 h after sildenafil citrate medication was 3.6 ± 0.5 in contrast to 2.4 ± 0.5 with no medica- tion (P = 0.001). The interval between first and second erections was shorter with sildenafil citrate: (52 ± 26) min vs. (85 ± 34) min (P = 0.01). The duration of the last erection was statistically significantly longer with the sildenafil citrate: (64 ± 33) min vs. (42 ± 28) min (P 〈 0.01). Conclusion: Healthy young men achieved erection within 34 min after sildenafil citrate administration, which is shorter than the 1 h interval proposed by the manufacturer. The interval between the first and second erections was shorter and the duration of the last nocturnal erection was longer. 展开更多
关键词 sildenafil citrate nocturnal erection nocturnal penile tumescence rigidity testing erectile dysfunction
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A 35-Year-Old Man Presenting Sleep-Related Painful Erections (Erpes): A Case Report and Review of Literature 被引量:3
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作者 Daniel de Freitas G. Soares Ernani Luis Rhoden 《Advances in Sexual Medicine》 2014年第1期6-10,共5页
Introduction: Erectile episodes occurring in the night time are considered normal and are usually related to the REM sleep. Spontaneous painful erections are unusual but they can have a great impact in the patient’s ... Introduction: Erectile episodes occurring in the night time are considered normal and are usually related to the REM sleep. Spontaneous painful erections are unusual but they can have a great impact in the patient’s quality of sleep and, for consequence, quality of life. Report: We present a patient who has been presenting painful erections which wake him up almost every night. We discuss the workup and treatment offered to the patient, as well as the short-time response and two months follow-up. Discussion: Although studies still do not explain this relationship, nocturnal erections occur only during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which can be confirmed by polysomnography accompanied by Nocturnal Penile Tumescence testing or RigiScan test. However, diagnosis can be established based exclusively on clinical aspects. Based on all literature reviewed, the initial treatment should safely consist in improvement in sleep architecture and pelvis muscles relaxation. Conclusion: After the first suspicion, polysomnography with rigidity measurements of nocturnal erections should be considered although clinical diagnosis and therapeutic test may be acceptable. The management we suggest is usually effective, well tolerated and sustained. 展开更多
关键词 PAINFUL erectION PRIAPISM NOCTURNAL erections REM-Sleep
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Canopy Light Interception of a Conventional and an Erect Leafed Sorghum 被引量:1
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作者 Dennis C. Gitz III Zhanguo Xin +2 位作者 Jeffrey T. Baker Robert J. Lascano John J. Burke 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2015年第16期2576-2584,共9页
Two sorghum lines, an erect leafed mutant sorghum and the wild type from which the mutant was generated, were field grown in rectilinear arrays at low (10 plants m-2) and high (23 plants m-2) population densities. Can... Two sorghum lines, an erect leafed mutant sorghum and the wild type from which the mutant was generated, were field grown in rectilinear arrays at low (10 plants m-2) and high (23 plants m-2) population densities. Canopy light interception, biomass accretion and yield were measured. Photosynthetically active radiation under the canopy at ground level and midway through the canopy were higher in the erect leafed line, as compared to the normal leafed line. Planting density had less effect on mean grain yield and biomass in the erect leaf line than in the wild type. Though not conclusive, when taken together, the results suggested that optimal planting densities are higher for the erect leaf line and that the erect leaf trait could be useful for incorporation into breeding programs. 展开更多
关键词 SORGHUM erectophile MUTANT erect LEAF
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Age-Specific Clinical Features of Erectile Dysfunction
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作者 Liuhong Cai Manbo Jiang +3 位作者 Minhui Zeng Weijie Xing Yanfei Wen Bin Zhang 《Health》 2014年第10期938-942,共5页
Sexual health can be considered as a mirror of general health and, in turn, general health is a prerequisite for sexual heath. The aim of this study was to compare the different clinical features of erectile dysfuncti... Sexual health can be considered as a mirror of general health and, in turn, general health is a prerequisite for sexual heath. The aim of this study was to compare the different clinical features of erectile dysfunction (ED) in young and elderly males. From June 2011 to December 2011, 224 patients were included and divided into two groups. Elderly ED group consisted of 120 patients with ED and all were 61 - 90 years old, and young ED group consisted of 104 patients with ED and all were 21 - 45 years old. Questionnaires, physical examination, blood sample test, ultrasound monitor, time of achieving erection (TAE), intra-vaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT), ECG and penis-brachial blood pressure index (PBI) were investigated. There were significant differences between the two groups, regarding the top three complications, the body mass index (BMI), International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) scores, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) total scores, TAE, IELT and PBI. We concluded that clinical features of ED were age-specific, which will be helpful for treatment strategies and evaluation of the treatment efficacy. 展开更多
关键词 Elderly Male erectile DYSFUNCTION The TIME of Achieving erectION Intra-Vaginal Ejaculatory LATENCY TIME Depression
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Rice DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE 2 is essential for determining panicle outgrowth and elongation 被引量:55
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作者 Feng Li Wenbo Liu +7 位作者 Jiuyou Tang Jinfeng Chen Hongning Tong Bin Hu Chunlai Li Jun Fang Mingsheng Chen Chengcai Chu 《Cell Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第7期838-849,共12页
The architecture of the panicle, including grain size and panicle morphology, directly determines grain yield. Panicle erectness, which is selected for achieving ideal plant arehitecture in the northern part of China,... The architecture of the panicle, including grain size and panicle morphology, directly determines grain yield. Panicle erectness, which is selected for achieving ideal plant arehitecture in the northern part of China, has drawn increasing attention of rice breeders. Here, dense and erect panicle 2 (dep2) mutant, which shows a dense and erect panicle phenotype, was identified. DEP2 encodes a plant-specific protein without any known functional domain. Expression profiling of DEP2 revealed that it is highly expressed in young tissues, with most abundance in young panicles. Morphological and expression analysis indicated that mutation in DEP2 mainly affects the rapid elongation of rachis and primary and secondary branches, but does not impair the initiation or formation of panicle primordia. Further analysis suggests that decrease of panicle length in dep2 is caused by a defect in cell proliferation during the exponential elongation of panicle. Despite a more compact plant type in the dep2 mutant, no significant alteration in grain production was found between wild type and dep2 mutant. Therefore, the study of DEP2 not only strengthens our understanding of the molecular genetic basis of panicle architecture but also has important implications for rice breeding. 展开更多
关键词 panicle architecture dense and erect panicle RICE
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Study of the efficacy of Korean Red Ginseng in the treatment of erectile dysfunction 被引量:8
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作者 Enrico de Andrade Alexandre A. de Mesquita +4 位作者 Joaquim de Almeida Claro Priscila M. de Andrade Valdemar Ortiz Mário Paranhos Miguel Srougi 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第2期241-244,共4页
Aim: To examine the treatment efficacy of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in impotent men with erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods: A total of 60 patients presenting mild or mild to moderate ED were enrolled in a double... Aim: To examine the treatment efficacy of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) in impotent men with erectile dysfunction (ED). Methods: A total of 60 patients presenting mild or mild to moderate ED were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which the efficacies of KRG and a placebo were compared. The patients received either 1 000 mg (3 times daily) of KRG or a placebo. Results: The five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) score after the treatment was significantly higher in the KRG group compared with that before the treatment (from 16.4±2.9 to 21.0±6.3, P 〈 0.0001). In contrast, there was no difference before and after the treatment in the placebo group (from 17.0±3.1 to 17.7±5.6, P 〉 0.05). In the KRG group, 20 patients (66.6%), reported improved erection, significant in the global efficacy question (P 〈 0.01); in the placebo group there was no significance. Scores on questions 2 (rigidity), 3 (penetration), 4 and 5 (maintenance), were significantly higher for KRG than those for the placebo when those questions were answered after 12 weeks of each treatment (P 〈 0.01). When the score in the KRG group was compared to the placebo group after the treatment, there was a significant improvement in total score (IIEF-5 score) in questions 3 and 5 for the KRG-treated group (P 〈 0.001 and P 〈 0.0001, respectively). The levels of serum testosterone, prolactine and cholesterol after the treatment were not statistically significant different between the KRG and the placebo group (P 〉 0.05). Conclusion: Our data show that KRG can be an effective alternative to the invasive approaches for treating male ED. 展开更多
关键词 PENIS IMPOTENCE GINSENG penile erection
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The effects of androgen on penile reflex, erectile response to electrical stimulation and penile NOS activity in the rat 被引量:7
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作者 Seong Il Seo Soo Woong Kim Jae-Seung Paick 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1999年第4期169-174,共6页
Aim: To investigate the effects of androgen on penile erection through the reflex arc and penile corpus cavernosum,and study the respective roles of testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in penile erection in... Aim: To investigate the effects of androgen on penile erection through the reflex arc and penile corpus cavernosum,and study the respective roles of testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in penile erection in rats. Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were castrated and implanted with silastic brand silicone tube containing T or DHT, with orwithout daily injections of a 5α-reductase inhibitor, MK-434. The penile reflex, erectile response to electrical stimula-tion (ES) of the cavernous nerves and penile nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) activity were observed under varying andro-genic status. Results: Penile reflex erection in the rat was, on the whole, related to serum T levels though the numberof glans engorgements was not. The number of cups and flips was significantly decreased by castration, and restoredto the control level by T supplementation. Erectile response to ES and NOS activity in penile tissue was also related toserum T level. T administered together with a 5α-reductase inhibitor no longer restored the number of reflex erection,erectile responses to ES and NOS activity in the corpus cavernosum. Conclusion: Androgen influenced the penile re-flex arc, corpus cavernosum, and the perineal striated muscles. In reflex erection, erectile response to ES and penileNOS activity in the rat, T seems to be first converted to DHT, the more active androgen modality. (Asian J Androl1999 Dec; 1: 169-174) 展开更多
关键词 ANDROGENS penile erection REFLEX electric stimulation nitric-oxide synthase
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Recent insights into androgen action on the anatomical and physiological substrate of penile erection 被引量:6
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作者 Louis J.G.Gooren Farid Saad 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第1期3-9,共7页
Erectile response is centrally and peripherally regulated by androgens. The original insights into the mechanisms of action of androgens were that androgens particularly exert effects on libido and that erections in r... Erectile response is centrally and peripherally regulated by androgens. The original insights into the mechanisms of action of androgens were that androgens particularly exert effects on libido and that erections in response to erotic stimuli were relatively androgen-independent. It was shown that sexual functions in men required androgen levels at the low end of reference values of testosterone. So it seemed that testosterone was not useful treatment for men with erectile difficulties, particularly following the advent of the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. However, approximately 50% of those treated with PDE5 inhibitors discontinue their treatment. A number of recent developments shed new light on testosterone treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in aging men. (1) A recent insight is that, in contrast to younger men, elderly men might require higher levels of testosterone for normal sexual functioning. (2) Several studies have indicated that PDE5 inhibitors are not always sufficient to restore erectile potency in men, and that testosterone improves the therapeutical response to PDE5 inhibitors considerably. (3) There is growing insight that testosterone has profound effects on tissues of the penis involved in the mechanism of erection and that testosterone deficiency impairs the anatomical and physiological substrate of erectile capacity, reversible upon androgen replacement. The synthesis of PDE5 is upregulated by androgens, and the arterial inflow into the penis is improved by giving androgen. The above invites a re-examination of the merits of giving testosterone to aging men with ED. The beneficial effects of PDE5 inhibitors may only be optimally expressed in a eugonadal environment. (Asian J Androl 2006 Jan; 8: 3-9) 展开更多
关键词 TESTOSTERONE erectION corpus cavernosum phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
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Description of Aphelenchoides besseyi from Abnormal Rice with ‘Small Grains and Erect Panicles’ Symptom in China 被引量:7
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作者 LIN Mao-song DING Xiao-fan +2 位作者 WANG Zi-ming ZHOU Feng-ming LIN Na 《Rice science》 SCIE 2005年第4期289-294,共6页
The abnormal rice with small grains and erect panicles were found on a large scale in China, which showed shortend rice panicle and decreased number of grains in comparison with normal rice, and the grain was small an... The abnormal rice with small grains and erect panicles were found on a large scale in China, which showed shortend rice panicle and decreased number of grains in comparison with normal rice, and the grain was small and black-brown, and some of them were distorted, while the flag leaf was normal. A kind of nematode of Aphelenchoides was isolated from the grains of rice variety Wuyujing 3 which performed 'small grains and erect panicles' symptom. There were 2014 nematodes in one hundred grains infected, and up to 74 in single grain, 92 percent of the grains tested had nematodes in the infested panicles. The diagnosis characters of nematode include lateral fields about one-fourth as wide as body, with 4 incisures. The terminus bears a mucro of diverse shape with 3-4 pointed processes. The female post-vulval uterine sac extends less than 50% of distance from vulva to anus, no sperm in it. Oocytes usually arrange in 2-4 rows. The male spicules have a moderately developed rostrum. Morphological measurements showed it to be conspecific with Aphelenchoides besseyi Christie, 1942. 展开更多
关键词 Aphelenchoides besseyi abnormal rice with small grains and erect panicles identification NEMATODE nematodiasis
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Effects of castration and testosterone replacement on veno-occlusion during penile erection in the rat 被引量:4
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作者 Yu-TianDAI VivienneStopper +1 位作者 RonaldLewis ThomasMills 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1999年第1期53-59,共7页
Aim: To determine if androgens directly regulate veno-occlusion or if androgens act indirectly to maintain the penilestructures which control outflow. Methods: Using CASTRATE and TESTO rats, measurement was made of me... Aim: To determine if androgens directly regulate veno-occlusion or if androgens act indirectly to maintain the penilestructures which control outflow. Methods: Using CASTRATE and TESTO rats, measurement was made of meanarterial pressure (MAP), intracavernosal pressure (CCP), and intracavernosal flow (CCF) during erection resultingfrom stimulation of the autonomic innervation of the penis. CCP and CCF were also measured during saline infusioninto the cavernosal sinuses before and after treatment with sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a nitric oxide donor drag) tofully relax cavernosal smooth muscle. Penile tissue was also collected to measure the content of α actin and proline andhydroxyproline to determine if brief withdrawal of androgenic support led to changes in the number of smooth musclecells or the collagen content of the tissue. Results: Infusion of saline into the cavernosal sinuses demonstrated thatveno-occlusion was defective in CASTRATE rats while reno-occlusion was fully functional in TESTO animals.Furthermore, veno-occlusion could be induced in CASTRATE rats if they were first treated with SNP. Thisobservation suggests that failure of veno-occlusion in the CASTRATE rats is due to a deficiency in the production of NOresulting in a reduction in the degree of relaxation of the penile smooth muscle. The measurements of smooth muscleα actin and proline and hydroxyproline content of collagen showed that both were unaffected by castration and that thebasic structure of the penis did not degenerate after one week without androgenic support. Conclusion: Theseresults can be interpreted to mean that androgens control the veno-occlusive mechanism indirectly via a NO dependentmechanism and not by maintaining the structures of the penis which are essential to reno-occlusion. 展开更多
关键词 CASTRATION TESTOSTERONE cavernous sinus penile erection nitric oxide ANDROGENS
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Erect panicle super rice varieties enhance yield by harvest index advantages in high nitrogen and density conditions 被引量:4
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作者 TANG Liang GAO Hong +5 位作者 Hirooka Yoshihiro Homma Koki Nakazaki Tetsuya LIU Tian-sheng Shiraiwa Tatsuhiko XU Zheng-jin 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第7期1467-1473,共7页
The erect panicle (Ep) type is an important characteristic for japonica super rice in Northeast China and plays a significant role in enhancing yield. The Ep type is considered to be a genetic ideotype resource to t... The erect panicle (Ep) type is an important characteristic for japonica super rice in Northeast China and plays a significant role in enhancing yield. The Ep type is considered to be a genetic ideotype resource to the japonica super rice group by virtue of its agronomic advantages such as grain number per panicle and biomass. This study addresses the effects of nitrogen and planting density conditions on yielding performance regarding panicle type (PT) using the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between an Ep variety Liaogeng 5 and non-Ep variety Wanlun 422. The genetics underlying the Ep type proved to be robust not only for panicle-type optimization but also plant height, panicle length, flag leaf length and seed density. We also found that regardless of nitrogen and density, correlation between harvest index (HI) and plant height was not significant in Ep type whatever the nitrogen and density. The application of Ep type provides a potential strategy for yield improvement by increasing biomass through HI maintainable in rice. 展开更多
关键词 super rice erect panicle harvest index NITROGEN planting density
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Genetical and Physiological Basis of Plant Type Model of Erect and Large Panicle Japonica Super Rice in Northern China 被引量:7
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作者 XU Zheng-jin, CHEN Wen-fu, HUANG Rui-dong, ZHANG Wen-zhong, MA Dian-rong, WANG Jia-yu, XU Hai and ZHAO Ming-hui Key Lab of Northern Japonica Rice Breeding of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, P.R.China 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CSCD 2010年第4期457-462,共6页
The historical changes in rice yields across China were explored. The physiological mechanisms and genetic basis of the erect and large panicle super-high-yield plant type model for breeding japonica super rice were a... The historical changes in rice yields across China were explored. The physiological mechanisms and genetic basis of the erect and large panicle super-high-yield plant type model for breeding japonica super rice were analyzed mainly on the panicle type, number of large vascular bundles (LVB) in the panicle neck, and the panicle type index (PTI). In the production point of view, we suggested that, for the breeding of super-high-yield japonica rice, the erect panicle types with more LVB numbers in the panicle neck and superior upper grains in the secondary branches would be the key factors. The information has potential significance in the rice breeding and productivity not only in China but also throughout the rice production areas of the world. 展开更多
关键词 super rice plant type panicle type erect panicle
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Study on effect of segments erection tolerance and wedge-shaped segment on segment ring in shield tunnel 被引量:6
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作者 CHEN Jun-sheng MO Hai-hong 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第11期1864-1869,共6页
Deformation and dislocations of segments of shield tunnel in construction stage have apparent effect on tunnel structure stress and even cause local cracks and breakage in tunnel. 3D finite element method was used to ... Deformation and dislocations of segments of shield tunnel in construction stage have apparent effect on tunnel structure stress and even cause local cracks and breakage in tunnel. 3D finite element method was used to analyze two segment ring models under uniform injected pressure: (1) segment ring without wedge-shaped segment, which has 16 types of preinstall erection tolerance; (2) segment ring with wedge-shaped segment, which has no preinstall erection tolerance. The analysis results indicate that different erection tolerances can cause irregular deformation in segment ring under uniform injected pressure, and that the tolerance values are enlarged further. Wedge-shaped segment apparently affects the overall deformation of segment ring without erection tolerances. The uniform injected pressure can cause deformation of ring with wedge-shaped segment irregular, and dislocations also appear in this situation. The stress of segment with erection tolerances is much larger than that of segment without erection tolerances. Enlarging the central angle of wedge-shaped segment can make the irregular deformation and dis- locations of segments smaller. The analysis results also provide basis for erection tolerance control and improvement of segment constitution. 展开更多
关键词 Shield tunnel SEGMENT erection tolerance 3D finite element analysis
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Erectile potentials of a new phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, DA-8159, in diet-induced obese rats 被引量:2
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作者 Jae-Young Yu Kyung-Koo Kang Moohi Yoo 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第3期325-329,共5页
Aim: To examine the changes in the erectile function in diet-induced obese rats and investigate the oral efficacy of DA-8159, a new phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, on penile erection in obese rats. Meth... Aim: To examine the changes in the erectile function in diet-induced obese rats and investigate the oral efficacy of DA-8159, a new phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, on penile erection in obese rats. Methods: The rats were fed a high-energy diet for 12 weeks and divided into three groups: an obesity-resistant (OR) control group, an obesity-prone (OP) control group, and an OP-DA-8159 treatment (DA-8159) group. The electrostimulation-induced erectile responses were measured in all groups. The body weight, plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose levels were also measured. Results: In the OP control group, the maximum intracavernous pressure (ICP) and ICP/blood pressure (ICP/BP) ratio after electric stimulation were significantly lower than those in OR control group. The corresponding area under the curve (AUC) of the ICP/BP ratio, the detumescence time and the baseline cavernous pressure were also lower than those in the OR control group, but this difference was not significant. The body weight gain, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride level in the OP group were significantly higher than those in the OR group. After administering the DA-8159, a significant increase in the maximum ICP and the ICP/BP ratio were observed. The corresponding AUCs in the DA-8159 group were also higher than those in the two control groups. Furthermore, the detumescence time was significantly prolonged after treatment with DA-8159. Conclusion: These results demon- strate that diet-induced obesity affects the erectile function in rats and these erectile dysfunction (ED) can be improved by the treatment with DA-8159, indicating DA-8159 might be a treatment option for ED associated with obesity. 展开更多
关键词 phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor penile erection OBESITY DA-8159 intracavemous pressure
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Effect of Cultural Measures on Nutrient Contellts in Rice Plants with Erect Panicles 被引量:3
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作者 WANG BOLUN LIU XINAN +2 位作者 YU GUIRUI WANG SHUI and ZOU BANGJI(Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161 (China))(Institute Of Applied Ecolopy, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyany 110015 (China))(Received November 8, 1998 revised December 21, 1998) 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1999年第3期259-264,共6页
Field experiments were carried out with rice variety of Shennong 91 of short culms and erect panicles to study nutrient contents in high-yielding rice plants and to increase rice yield by appropriate fertilization.Nit... Field experiments were carried out with rice variety of Shennong 91 of short culms and erect panicles to study nutrient contents in high-yielding rice plants and to increase rice yield by appropriate fertilization.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, zinc, manganese, iron and copper contents in rice plants varied with different treatment factors. The relationship between the nutrient contents and treatment factors could be simulated using a multiple quadratic equation. The nutrient contents in plants should be appropriate for high-yielding rice. If the mean nutrient content in rice plants producing 11 t ha-1 or more of grain (μj) was set as the standard value and the standard deviation (σj) was set as the range of variation, the nutrient content in high-yielding rice plants should be μj±1.99σj. Rice leaves were sensitive to the nutrient elements. Heavy nitrogen dressing increased the content of nitrogen in rice plants. Sparse transplanting also increased nitrogen content. Improper application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium could affect the nutrient contents and decrease the grain yield. 展开更多
关键词 high yield nutrient content rice plant with erect panicles
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Erectile dysfunction in Fragile X patients
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作者 Feng Gu Hai-Yin Zhang +3 位作者 Shao-Yi Hu Shang-Zhi Huang Xu Ma Yong-Qing Zhang 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第4期483-487,517-518,共5页
Aim:To study a possible defect in spermatogenesis of Fragile X syndrome(FXS)patients.Methods:Two different polymerase chain reaction(PCR)based methods were used for the molecular diagnosis of FXS.Sperm collection was ... Aim:To study a possible defect in spermatogenesis of Fragile X syndrome(FXS)patients.Methods:Two different polymerase chain reaction(PCR)based methods were used for the molecular diagnosis of FXS.Sperm collection was done mostly according to the laboratory manual of the World Health Organization.Results:We failed to collect sperm samples from five Fragile X subjects aged 18-60 years as a result of an unexpected erectile dysfunction(ED). Multiple examinations of the same subject at different times,and of different subjects from different provinces by different physicians,showed the same result consistently in all five subjects examined.Conclusion:Erectile reflex is an instinctive response in all healthy males.The absence of erection can be caused by hormonal,physical or neuronal malfunction.As hormonal profiles were reported to be generally normal in Fragile X men,we propose that an unknown physical factor or the neuronal circuit,or both,underlying the erection is compromised.The finding of ED in Fragile X patients may help better understand the clinical spectrum and pathogenesis of the disease.(Asian J Androl 2006 Jul;8:483-487) 展开更多
关键词 Fragile X syndrome FMR1 gene macroorchidism erectION FERTILITY erectile dysfuncion
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Effect of sildenafil citrate on penile erection of rhesus macaques 被引量:1
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作者 Xun-BinHuang Cheng-LiangXiong Cheng-GaoYu Jie-LingZhou Ji-YunShen 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第3期233-235,共3页
Aim: To examine the effect of sildenafil citrate on penile erection of male rhesus macaque. Methods: Twenty Macaca mulatta were divided into the sildenafil treated and the control groups of 10 animals each. The penile... Aim: To examine the effect of sildenafil citrate on penile erection of male rhesus macaque. Methods: Twenty Macaca mulatta were divided into the sildenafil treated and the control groups of 10 animals each. The penile size, the corpus cavernosal electromyogram (EMG) and the intra-corpus cavernosal pressure (ICP) were determined. Results: The diameter of penis and the ICP were significantly increased and the corpus cavernosal EMG significantly reduced in the sildenafil group. Conclusion: Sildenafil citrate increases the penile size and ICP and reduces the corpus cavernosal EMG in male rhesus macaque. 展开更多
关键词 SILDENAFIL rhesus macaque ELECTROMYOGRAM corpus cavernosum penile erection
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