Satellite laser ranging （SLR） is one of the major space geodetic instruments, which has various applications in earth science. In this paper, we introduce several issues regarding the key technology implementation o...Satellite laser ranging （SLR） is one of the major space geodetic instruments, which has various applications in earth science. In this paper, we introduce several issues regarding the key technology implementation of high-repetition-rate SLR system. Compared with traditional technology, using kHz and 8ps pulse width laser component, the data quantity and quality of high-repetition-rate satellite laser ranging （SLR） can be significantly improved. The characteristics of high-repetition-rate laser ranging and the key technologies are presented, including the event timer with the precision of picosecond, the generation of range gate signal, and so on. All of them are based on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays （FPGA） and tested on China mobile SLR system-TROS1000. Finally, the observations of satellite Beacon-C are given.展开更多
Owing to the increase in unprecedented accidents with new root causes in almost all operational areas, the importance of risk management has dramatically risen. Risk assessment, one of the most significant aspects of ...Owing to the increase in unprecedented accidents with new root causes in almost all operational areas, the importance of risk management has dramatically risen. Risk assessment, one of the most significant aspects of risk management, has a substantial impact on the system-safety level of organizations, industries, and operations. If the causes of all kinds of failure and the interactions between them are considered, effective risk assessment can be highly accurate. A combination of traditional risk assessment approaches and modern scientific probability methods can help in realizing better quantitative risk assessment methods. Most researchers face the problem of minimal field data with respect to the probability and frequency of each failure. Because of this limitation in the availability of epistemic knowledge, it is important to conduct epistemic estimations by applying the Bayesian theory for identifying plausible outcomes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm and demonstrate its application in a case study for a light-weight lifting operation in the Persian Gulf of Iran. First, we identify potential accident scenarios and present them in an event tree format. Next, excluding human error, we use the event tree to roughly estimate the prior probability of other hazard-promoting factors using a minimal amount of field data. We then use the Success Likelihood Index Method(SLIM) to calculate the probability of human error. On the basis of the proposed event tree, we use the Bayesian network of the provided scenarios to compensate for the lack of data. Finally, we determine the resulting probability of each event based on its evidence in the epistemic estimation format by building on two Bayesian network types: the probability of hazard promotion factors and the Bayesian theory. The study results indicate that despite the lack of available information on the operation of floating objects, a satisfactory result can be achieved using epistemic data.展开更多
目的:探讨原发性血小板增多症(ET)JAK2、CALR、MPL基因突变及阴性突变患者的临床特点。方法:选取2016年01月至2018年12月在南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院血液科住院确诊的66例ET患者,录入患者的性别、年龄、临床症状、有无血栓事件、脾...目的:探讨原发性血小板增多症(ET)JAK2、CALR、MPL基因突变及阴性突变患者的临床特点。方法:选取2016年01月至2018年12月在南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院血液科住院确诊的66例ET患者,录入患者的性别、年龄、临床症状、有无血栓事件、脾大、血小板数(Plt)、白细胞数(WBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、血栓弹力图(TEG)、血钾、血糖(GLU)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)以及JAK2、CALR和MPL基因突变,治疗方案及疗效。对以上数据进行统计分析。结果:所有患者MPL突变阴性,故根据基因突变分为3组,JAK2突变组(46例,69.7%)、CALR突变组(9例,13.6%)和基因阴性组(11例,16.7%)。JAK2突变组患者的平均发病年龄为63.2岁,与CALR突变组(51.8岁)和基因阴性组(50.2岁)相比,具有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。CALR突变组与JAK2突变组、基因阴性组相对比,WBC数低(6.3×10^9/L vs 13.79×10^9/L,P=0.003;6.3×10^9/L vs 9.70×10^9/L,P=0.009);Hb水平较JAK2突变组低(121.22 g/L vs 136.2 g/L,P=0.036);但CALR突变组的肿瘤负荷较基因阴性组高(300.11 U/L vs 227.4 U/L,P=0.033);3组之间的Plt数、血钾水平、GLU及FIB水平无统计学差异(P>0.05)。另外,30.3%(20/66)患者存在血栓及栓塞事件,18.2%(12/66)患者合并高钾血症,且高钾血症与Plt数具有显著的相关性(r=0.518)。34例患者给予TEG检查,其中41.2%(14/34)患者出现TEG异常,55.9%(19/34)同时伴有Plt数>1000×10^9/L,但2者之间无显著的相关性(r=0.134)。66例患者采用常规临床治疗方案后均达部分或完全血液学缓解,但有疾病反复,4.5%(3/66)进展为骨髓纤维化(MF),均为具有JAK2突变患者。暂无进展为急性髓系白血病的病例。结论:伴有JAK2突变的ET患者发病率更高、且年龄偏大,然而CALR突变阳性患者具有更低的WBC数与Hb水平,却具更高的肿瘤负荷。总之,ET患者多样化的基因突变类型具有不同的临床特征,且与患者预后密切相关,这为临床诊疗工作提供了一定的思路。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40774013)
文摘Satellite laser ranging （SLR） is one of the major space geodetic instruments, which has various applications in earth science. In this paper, we introduce several issues regarding the key technology implementation of high-repetition-rate SLR system. Compared with traditional technology, using kHz and 8ps pulse width laser component, the data quantity and quality of high-repetition-rate satellite laser ranging （SLR） can be significantly improved. The characteristics of high-repetition-rate laser ranging and the key technologies are presented, including the event timer with the precision of picosecond, the generation of range gate signal, and so on. All of them are based on the Field Programmable Gate Arrays （FPGA） and tested on China mobile SLR system-TROS1000. Finally, the observations of satellite Beacon-C are given.
文摘Owing to the increase in unprecedented accidents with new root causes in almost all operational areas, the importance of risk management has dramatically risen. Risk assessment, one of the most significant aspects of risk management, has a substantial impact on the system-safety level of organizations, industries, and operations. If the causes of all kinds of failure and the interactions between them are considered, effective risk assessment can be highly accurate. A combination of traditional risk assessment approaches and modern scientific probability methods can help in realizing better quantitative risk assessment methods. Most researchers face the problem of minimal field data with respect to the probability and frequency of each failure. Because of this limitation in the availability of epistemic knowledge, it is important to conduct epistemic estimations by applying the Bayesian theory for identifying plausible outcomes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm and demonstrate its application in a case study for a light-weight lifting operation in the Persian Gulf of Iran. First, we identify potential accident scenarios and present them in an event tree format. Next, excluding human error, we use the event tree to roughly estimate the prior probability of other hazard-promoting factors using a minimal amount of field data. We then use the Success Likelihood Index Method(SLIM) to calculate the probability of human error. On the basis of the proposed event tree, we use the Bayesian network of the provided scenarios to compensate for the lack of data. Finally, we determine the resulting probability of each event based on its evidence in the epistemic estimation format by building on two Bayesian network types: the probability of hazard promotion factors and the Bayesian theory. The study results indicate that despite the lack of available information on the operation of floating objects, a satisfactory result can be achieved using epistemic data.
文摘目的:探讨原发性血小板增多症(ET)JAK2、CALR、MPL基因突变及阴性突变患者的临床特点。方法:选取2016年01月至2018年12月在南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院血液科住院确诊的66例ET患者,录入患者的性别、年龄、临床症状、有无血栓事件、脾大、血小板数(Plt)、白细胞数(WBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、血栓弹力图(TEG)、血钾、血糖(GLU)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)以及JAK2、CALR和MPL基因突变,治疗方案及疗效。对以上数据进行统计分析。结果:所有患者MPL突变阴性,故根据基因突变分为3组,JAK2突变组(46例,69.7%)、CALR突变组(9例,13.6%)和基因阴性组(11例,16.7%)。JAK2突变组患者的平均发病年龄为63.2岁,与CALR突变组(51.8岁)和基因阴性组(50.2岁)相比,具有显著的统计学差异(P<0.05)。CALR突变组与JAK2突变组、基因阴性组相对比,WBC数低(6.3×10^9/L vs 13.79×10^9/L,P=0.003;6.3×10^9/L vs 9.70×10^9/L,P=0.009);Hb水平较JAK2突变组低(121.22 g/L vs 136.2 g/L,P=0.036);但CALR突变组的肿瘤负荷较基因阴性组高(300.11 U/L vs 227.4 U/L,P=0.033);3组之间的Plt数、血钾水平、GLU及FIB水平无统计学差异(P>0.05)。另外,30.3%(20/66)患者存在血栓及栓塞事件,18.2%(12/66)患者合并高钾血症,且高钾血症与Plt数具有显著的相关性(r=0.518)。34例患者给予TEG检查,其中41.2%(14/34)患者出现TEG异常,55.9%(19/34)同时伴有Plt数>1000×10^9/L,但2者之间无显著的相关性(r=0.134)。66例患者采用常规临床治疗方案后均达部分或完全血液学缓解,但有疾病反复,4.5%(3/66)进展为骨髓纤维化(MF),均为具有JAK2突变患者。暂无进展为急性髓系白血病的病例。结论:伴有JAK2突变的ET患者发病率更高、且年龄偏大,然而CALR突变阳性患者具有更低的WBC数与Hb水平,却具更高的肿瘤负荷。总之,ET患者多样化的基因突变类型具有不同的临床特征,且与患者预后密切相关,这为临床诊疗工作提供了一定的思路。
