Spatial-temporal distribution and geochemistry of highly evolved Mesozoic granites in Great Xing’an Range,NE China:Discriminant criteria and geological significance

Highly evolved granite is an important sign of the mature continent crust and closely associated with deposits of rare metals.In this work,the authors undertake systematically zircon U-Pb ages and whole rock elemental data for highly evolved granitic intrusions from the Great Xing’an Range(GXR),NE China,to elucidate their discriminant criteria,spatial-temporal distribution,differentiation and geodynamic mecha-nism.Geochemical data of these highly evolved granites suggest that high w(SiO_(2))(>70%)and differentiation index(DI>88)could be quantified indicators,while strong Eu depletion,high TE_(1,3),lowΣREE and low Zr/Hf,Nb/Ta,K/Rb could only be qualitative indicators.Zircon U-Pb ages suggest that the highly evolved gran-ites in the GXR were mainly formed in Late Mesozoic,which can be divided into two major stages:Late Ju-rassic-early Early Cretaceous(162-136 Ma,peak at 138 Ma),and late Early Cretaceous(136-106 Ma,peak at 126 Ma).The highly evolved granites are mainly distributed in the central-southern GXR,and display a weakly trend of getting younger from northwest to southeast,meanwhile indicating the metallogenic potential of rare metals within the central GXR.The spatial-temporal distribution,combined with regional geological data,indicates the highly evolved Mesozoic granites in the GXR were emplaced in an extensional environ-ment,of which the Late Jurassic-early Early Cretaceous extension was related to the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate,while the late Early Cretaceous extension was mainly related to the roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate.

HLA Evolved规范研究分析

HLA Evolved作为即将被IEEE通过和接受的下一代HLA规范,代表了HLA体系的最新发展方向。综合比较了HLA 1516-2000与HLA Evolved,概括分析了模块化FOM、动态库兼容API、智能更新率降低、容错处理、Web支持的HLA等重大技术改进和主要变动,揭示了HLA Evolved更为强大的功能和更加健壮的机制。初步研究了HLA Evolved下成员开发和移植工作,为HLAEvolved规范的应用和推广奠定了基础。

基于Surface Evolver模拟液桥断裂距离

目的研究面间液桥断裂距离随着液桥体积、球面半径和固-液接触角的变化规律。方法利用SurfaceEvolver程序模拟介于球形表面和平面间一定体积液桥的拉伸、断裂的演变过程,从模拟结果中得到给定液桥体积、球面半径以及固体表面润湿性质这些参数下的液桥的断裂距离。结果以Lian等和Willett等所给出公式为基础得到液桥断裂距离关于参数液体体积、球面半径和接触角的理论公式,模拟结果与理论预测结果比较,发现当固体表面为亲水性质时,模拟结果与理论结果整体上吻合很好(偏差<4.3%);当固体表面为疏水性质时,模拟结果随着疏水性质的增加与理论估计的偏差会增大。结论 Surface Evolver可以很好地模拟液桥准静态拉伸和断裂过程,从而得到液桥断裂距离。Lian等和Willett等所给出的理论公式是由亲水表面数据拟合出来的,这也是在疏水性质表面上本文所给液桥断裂距离的理论公式预测结果与模拟结果偏差增大的原因。

微重力状态下自由液面构型的Surface Evolver软件计算

以扇柱形贮箱为研究对象,根据微重力状态下液体的毛细现象,基于Surface Evolver软件平台,建立了三维分析模型.利用该模型进行数值模拟,深入研究了微重力状态下扇柱形贮箱内角处自由液面的爬升特性,数值分析结果与实验结果吻合良好,证明了该方法的合理有效性.通过数值分析,详细探讨了接触角及容器中心角对微重力条件下自由液面爬升的影响规律,发现液体与容器壁接触角之和小于90°时,液体会不断爬升;当中心角大于50°时,液体爬升高度变化很小.

Comparison of the Evolvement Structure of Chenopodium album L.under the Stress of Different Saline Environments

[Objective] The aim of this study was to reveal the evolvement structures,especially the crystal characteristics of Chenopodium album L.under saline stress,so as to providing the first-hand data for utilizing biological techniques to control saline environment.[Method] Employing high definition display method of plant crystal structure and paraffin-section method,we performed a comparative study on the evolvement structures of C.album growing in high salinity areas in the coast of Egyptian Red Sea and common salinity areas in the grasslands in Changling County of Jilin Province.[Result] The regionally distributed crystal and the developed assimilating tissue of C.album are the key structural characteristics to antagonize the saline stress during the evolving process.Stem cortex of C.album growing in both the high salinity areas in coast of Egyptian Red Sea and common salinity areas in the grasslands in Changling County of Jilin Province has similar discontinuous crystal rings.Assimilating tissue in C.album growing in high salinity areas is highly developed than that in common salinity environment.Comparative analysis indicates that the developed stratum corneum and marrow is also the key structural characteristics to antagonize the saline stress.[Conclusion] Our results provide a valuable approach to study the salt-tolerance mechanism of plant using structural botanical techniques,i.e.,crystal may become the identification characteristics of salt tolerant plant.

基于Surface Evolver的小电流CO_2焊熔滴自由过渡的数值模拟

为实现小电流CO2焊熔滴自由可控过渡,需对此条件下熔滴的受力状态和临界过渡尺寸及其影响因素进行研究.为此在主要考虑斑点电磁阻力、重力和表面张力的前提下,建立了基于Surface Evolver的CO2焊熔滴形态的数值模型,依据能量最小原理仿真获得了静力平衡状态下自由过渡熔滴的形态.进而重点研究了斑点电磁阻力对熔滴过渡临界尺寸的影响.结果表明,电流负脉冲可消除斑点阻力使熔滴由托起状态转为自然下垂,为下一步实现附加外力小电流的熔滴自由过渡提供了依据.

Adaptive evolvement of information age C^4ISR structure

Command, control, communication, computing, intel- ligence, surveillance and reconnaissance （C^4ISR） in information age is a complex system whose structure always changes ac- tively or passively during the warfare. Therefore, it is important to optimize the structure, especially in ambiguous and quick-tempo modern warfare. This paper proposes an adaptive evolvement mechanism for the C^4ISR structure to survive the changeable warfare. Firstly, the information age C^4ISR structure is defined and modeled based on the complex network theory. Secondly, taking the observe, orient, decide and act （OODA） model into consideration, four kinds of loops in the C^4ISR structure are pro- posed and their coefficient of networked effects （CNE） is further defined. Then, the adaptive evolvement mechanisms of the four kinds of loops are presented respectively. Finally, taking the joint air-defense C^4ISR as an example, simulation experiments are im- plemented, which validate the evolvement mechanism and show that the information age C41SR structure has some characteristics of small-world network and scale-free network.

EVOLVEMENT AND CONTROL OF VULNERABLE ECOLOGICAL REGION—A Case Study in Ongniud Banner and Aohan Banner,Inner Mongolia

The evolvement of a vulnerable ecological region is a dynamic process, which is affected by various factors. During the evolvement process, human activities have a decisive effect. The purpose of studying vulnerable ecological region is to control human economic activities and to develop a negative feedback modulation mechanism.This paper established a model of vulnerable ecological region's evolvement by considering four synthetic variables.These synthetic variables are ecological carrying capacity, ecological resilience, economic development intensity, and economic development velocity. Finally, Ongniud Banner and Aohan Banner in North China were taken as study cases to simulate the evolvement processes of vulnerable ecological regions under different conditions of economic development. The results show that human activities have an important influence on the evolvement trend of vulnerable ecological region.

Product Model Evolvement and Configuration Knowledge Reuse Method

Configuration knowledge is a dynamic information set which is evolving and enriching on and on. Product model is the instantiation of configuration knowledge and the evolution of configuration knowledge is the essential inherent reason which causes the models dynamic evolvement. In the traditional model evolvement process, the inheriting and reuse of configuration knowledge was always ignored. Aim at solving the above problem, the multistage rhombus evolution mode of configuration knowledge is discussed in this paper. The product model based on configuration knowledge is put forward in different levels to achieve the models dynamic evolvement and automatic upgrading. The evolving configuration knowledge drives the product model to evolve directly according to the rule of up-layer evolvement. Furthermore, a new configuration knowledge reuse and optimization technology is presented to inheriting and reuse the foregone configuration knowledge in the course of model evolvement. At last, the air separation equipment which is related with the project is taken as an example to illuminate that the presented model evolvement and configuration knowledge reuse technology are validity and practical.

基于Surface Evolver的推进剂贮箱气液界面分析

推进剂贮箱是航天器系统的重要部件,用于实现推进剂的管理与输运.在空间微重力条件下,贮箱内部液面呈弯曲状,掌握其液面分布特性是保证贮箱正常工作的前提.针对球形推进剂贮箱,采用Surface Evolver软件对其内部气液自由界面分布特性展开研究,分析充液比、接触角、Bond数等参数对贮箱液面的影响,得到液面分布随各参数的变化规律.研究结果表明,球形贮箱液面曲率随充液比的增大而增大,随接触角或Bond数的增大而减小.研究结果有助于实现推进剂贮箱液面快速分析,为贮箱及推进剂管理装置设计提供参考.

High level architecture evolved modular federation object model

To improve the agility, dynamics, composability, reusability, and development efficiency restricted by monolithic federation object model （FOM）, a modular FOM is proposed by high level architecture （HLA） evolved product development group. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of HLA evolved modular FOM. In particular, related concepts, the overall impact on HLA standards, extension principles, and merging processes are discussed. Also permitted and restricted combinations, and merging rules are provided, and the influence on HLA interface specification is given. The comparison between modular FOM and base object model （BOM） is performed to illustrate the importance of their combination. The applications of modular FOM are summarized. Finally, the significance to facilitate compoable simulation both in academia and practice is presented and future directions are pointed out.

Evolved Algorithm and Vibration Stability for Nonlinear Disturbed Security Systems

In this paper,a method sustaining system stability after decomposition is proposed.Based on the stability criterion derived from the energy function,a set of intelligent controllers is synthesized which is used to maintain the stability of the system.The sustainable stability problem can be reformulated as a Linear Matrix Inequalities(LMI)problem.The key to guaranteeing the stability of the system as a whole is to find a common symmetrically positive definite matrix for all subsystems.Furthermore,the Evolved Bat Algorithm(EBA)is employed to replace the pole assignment method and the conventional mathematical methods for solving the LMI.The EBA is utilized to find feasible solutions in terms of the energy equation.The experimental results show that the EBA is capable of providing proper solutions,which satisfy the sustainability and stability criteria,after a short period of recursive computing.

EVOLVEMENT OF URBAN SPATIAL STRUCTURE AND MAIN DRIVES IN WUXI, CHINA

With the quick development of urbanization, urban expansion has been paid more and more attention to by researchers from westem countries and China. Here Wuxi City of China is selected as a case study. Located in the core-area of Changjiang （Yangtze） River Delta, as the sources of Chinese township enterprise, Wu culture, and national industry, Wuxi has experienced great change in the urban spatial structure, especially in the land use structure, and urban shape and scale. The ratio of industrial land was about one-third of the construction land in 2003. Residential and public infrastructure land had decreased a little from 1956 to 2003, but it remains to be the main construction land at present. Green land has increased at the highest speed due to the demand of sustainable development. After the reform and opening to the outside world, this kind of evolvement of urban spatial expansion is helpful for sustainable development. Economic development, transportation, and administrative planning are the main reasons for these changes. During different periods, the main drives are different. Economic development is the basic factor that influences urban expansion. Transportation influences urban evolvement in different times, but now the importance is not as great as 30 years ago, because administrative force plays an important function in urban planning of China and influences urban evolvement.

Progress in Environmental Evolvement and Environmental Archaeology Study in the Yangtze Delta （China）

A review was conducted on the environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research since the 1980s in the Yangtze Delta. Former environmental evolvement and environmental archaeological research results can be summed up into 4 aspects： 1） Formation and evolution of the Taihu Lake; 2） Transgression and sea-level changes in the Holocene epoch; 3） Reconstruction of the pre-historical environment; and 4） Impacts of environmental variations on the rise and fall of human civilization （formation of the cultural interruptions）. Based on this review, some limitations in the present research methods and possible outcomes are pointed out in this paper.

Evolvement of the System Complexity Degree under Different Time Scalings:an Illustration of the Traffic Flow System

It is investigable how the system scaling affects the system complexity degree. The traffic flow system is taken in this paper as an illustration to study this question. First, the Lempel-Ziv algorithm is introduced for accurate depiction of the complexity degree of the traffic flow system. We gain 3 actual sequences and 20s period traffic flow sequences on the basis of the measure of the traffic flow data; we gain 5 traffic flow sequences whose periods are between 1-5min by simulating the traffic flow system. By calculating the complicacy of the 11 sequences, we obtain two hypothesis: the complicacies of the same system are different under different time scalings; negative correlation exists between the complicacy and the time scaling of the system.

How Central Asian Orogeny Evolves:New Insights from End-Permian to Middle Triassic Magmatic Record along the Solonker Suture Zone

Objective The modem Earth is characterized by two types of orogens： collisional orogen and accretionary orogen. It is widely accepted that the Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB） is made up of widespread multiple ancient archipelagos. It has been recognized as a non-collisional orogen, contrasting with the archetypical Alpine- Himalayan-type collisional orogens. Although the CAOB is traditionally compared to subduction-accretion systems that have been well studied, all accretionary orogens ultimately passed into a collisional phase at the end of the orogenic Wilson cycle due to ocean closure and termination of subduction, which will lead to subsequent crustal shortening, thickening and reworking. Therefore, the archipelago-type CAOB may also preserve a terminal collision record, although this is not a classic continental collision at all.

Seafloor topography and landform characteristics of Zengmu Shoal waters and their evolvement

The topography data of the Zengmu Shoal and its adjacent area are acquired by the SeaBat-8111 multibeam system. The full survey covering over the Zengmu Shoal area gives us new knowledge about the area. It is a flat underwater platform consisting of coral reefs, its fathom line is like a trap in near SN direction and its shape is like an isosceles triangle with the acute angle pointing to the north. The east and west sides of the shoal are steep while its south side is more gentle. As viewed from geological evolution, the Zengmu Shoal is a typical biologic coral landform caused by tectonic uplift.

Trust evolvement method of Web service combination based on network behavior

Based on the problem that the service entity only has the partial field of vision in the network environment,a trust evolvement method of the macro self-organization for Web service combination was proposed.In the method,the control rule of the trust degree in the Dempster-Shafer(D-S)rule was utilized based on the entity network interactive behavior,and a proportion trust control rule was put up.The control rule could make the Web service self-adaptively study so as to gradually form a proper trust connection with its cooperative entities and to improve the security performance of the whole system.The experimental results show that the historical successful experience is saved during the service combination alliance,and the method can greatly improve the reliability and success rate of Web service combination.

Evolvement regularity of signal control parameters of urban road in cold region

In snow-icy road environment, the survey data indicate that the largest decrease in traffic flow running characters occurs when snow and ice begin to accumulate on the road surface. Saturation flow is decreased by 16% , speed is decreased by 30% , and start-up lost time is increased by 27%. Based on the signal control theory of HCM and Webster, the character values of traffic flow in different urban road environments were investigated, and the evolvement regularity of signal control parameters such as cycle, split, green time, offset, yellow time and red time in snow-icy road environment was analyzed. The impact factors and the changes in the scope of signal control parameters were achieved. Simulation results and practical application show that the signal control plan of road enviromnent without snow and ice will increase the vehicle delay, stop length and traffic congestion in snow-icy road environment. Thus, the traffic signal control system should address a suitable signal control plan based on different road environments.

Model evolvement and reuse technology of injection molding machine based on performance knowledge

To illuminate the necessity of model evolvement and reuse, dynamics of injection molding machine＇s product models are analyzed. The performance knowledge is used to support the model evolvement and reuse. The driven factors of mechanical product model are concluded. The dynamic characteristics of reuse. Finally, HT1800X1N series injection molding machines are taken as examples to illuminate that the arithmetic is correct and practical.