The filling and exhausting processes in a pneumatic system are involved with many factors, and numerical solutions of many partial differential equations are always adapted in the study of those processes, which have ...The filling and exhausting processes in a pneumatic system are involved with many factors, and numerical solutions of many partial differential equations are always adapted in the study of those processes, which have been proved to be troublesome and less intuitive. Analytical solutions based on loss-less tube model and average friction tube model are found respectively by using fluid net theory, and they fit the experimental results well. The research work shows that： Fluid net theory can be used to solve the analytical solution of filling and exhausting processes of pneumatic system, and the result of loss-less tube model is close to that of average friction model, so loss-less tube model is recommended since it is simpler, and the difference between filling time and exhausting time is determined by initial and final pressures, the volume of container and the section area of tube, and has nothing to do with the length of the tube.展开更多
以稳态燃烧器为热动力的车载式烟雾机针对农林业病虫害防治具有防治效率高、用药量少、防治成本低等突出优点，烟化管结构参数是影响油溶剂农药能否有效烟化的关键因素。该文设定3种药喷头类型、6个喷头放置位置、3种喷头结构参数以及3...以稳态燃烧器为热动力的车载式烟雾机针对农林业病虫害防治具有防治效率高、用药量少、防治成本低等突出优点，烟化管结构参数是影响油溶剂农药能否有效烟化的关键因素。该文设定3种药喷头类型、6个喷头放置位置、3种喷头结构参数以及3个不同直径的双层喷管，分别进行烟化效果试验及分析。结果表明环形喷头烟化效果最好，圆锥形喷头和圆柱形实心锥喷头则出现喷管出口滴液及烟雾中存在明火等烟化不良问题，圆锥形喷头烟化效果好于圆柱形喷头；热雾剂在Φ70 mm喷管内能完全烟化，烟雾雾滴均匀细小，而Φ90和Φ110 mm 2种喷管则会产生较小烟雾和较大雾滴2个分布区，烟化效果不良；环形喷头置于喷管内距喷管喷口250～350 mm的范围内，可获得较好的烟化效果；环形喷头的结构参数如药液出口方向、喷药孔径和孔数对热雾剂的烟化效果影响非常小，均能使热雾剂得到完全烟化。说明药喷头类型和喷管直径是影响稳态燃烧烟雾机烟化效果的关键因素，喷头放置位置是影响的主要因素，而环形喷头结构参数是影响的次要因素。展开更多
加装文丘里管的高压废气再循环(Exhaust gas re-circulation,EGR)进气系统,在兼顾柴油机经济性、动力性的前提下,研究该进气系统对NO_x排放的影响。根据一款柴油机的基本结构建立柴油机一维仿真计算模型和燃烧室的三维仿真计算模型。在...加装文丘里管的高压废气再循环(Exhaust gas re-circulation,EGR)进气系统,在兼顾柴油机经济性、动力性的前提下,研究该进气系统对NO_x排放的影响。根据一款柴油机的基本结构建立柴油机一维仿真计算模型和燃烧室的三维仿真计算模型。在对模型进行标定和对柴油机原机性能仿真计算的基础上,为进气系统引入文丘里管装置并对其结构参数进行优化设计。应用所建立的一维和三维柴油机模型,对文丘里管EGR系统柴油机的经济性、NO_x和Soot排放特性进行仿真计算研究,并对计算结果进行试验验证。研究结果表明,优化设计的文丘里管EGR系统可使柴油机在欧洲稳态循环(European steady state cycle,ESC)各工况下实现较为理想的EGR率,并在不明显影响柴油机燃油经济性的前提下,使NO_x排放量下降了约28.4%。文丘里管进气系统可以实现较为理想的高压EGR循环,在柴油机ESC工况下(怠速除外)能够达到较为理想的EGR率。展开更多
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50575209).
文摘The filling and exhausting processes in a pneumatic system are involved with many factors, and numerical solutions of many partial differential equations are always adapted in the study of those processes, which have been proved to be troublesome and less intuitive. Analytical solutions based on loss-less tube model and average friction tube model are found respectively by using fluid net theory, and they fit the experimental results well. The research work shows that： Fluid net theory can be used to solve the analytical solution of filling and exhausting processes of pneumatic system, and the result of loss-less tube model is close to that of average friction model, so loss-less tube model is recommended since it is simpler, and the difference between filling time and exhausting time is determined by initial and final pressures, the volume of container and the section area of tube, and has nothing to do with the length of the tube.
基金Jiangsu Technological Research Project(BE2001391)National"948"Project(2005-4-16).The main contents of the paper has been presented in 2005 ASAE Annual meeting.
文摘以稳态燃烧器为热动力的车载式烟雾机针对农林业病虫害防治具有防治效率高、用药量少、防治成本低等突出优点，烟化管结构参数是影响油溶剂农药能否有效烟化的关键因素。该文设定3种药喷头类型、6个喷头放置位置、3种喷头结构参数以及3个不同直径的双层喷管，分别进行烟化效果试验及分析。结果表明环形喷头烟化效果最好，圆锥形喷头和圆柱形实心锥喷头则出现喷管出口滴液及烟雾中存在明火等烟化不良问题，圆锥形喷头烟化效果好于圆柱形喷头；热雾剂在Φ70 mm喷管内能完全烟化，烟雾雾滴均匀细小，而Φ90和Φ110 mm 2种喷管则会产生较小烟雾和较大雾滴2个分布区，烟化效果不良；环形喷头置于喷管内距喷管喷口250～350 mm的范围内，可获得较好的烟化效果；环形喷头的结构参数如药液出口方向、喷药孔径和孔数对热雾剂的烟化效果影响非常小，均能使热雾剂得到完全烟化。说明药喷头类型和喷管直径是影响稳态燃烧烟雾机烟化效果的关键因素，喷头放置位置是影响的主要因素，而环形喷头结构参数是影响的次要因素。
文摘加装文丘里管的高压废气再循环(Exhaust gas re-circulation,EGR)进气系统,在兼顾柴油机经济性、动力性的前提下,研究该进气系统对NO_x排放的影响。根据一款柴油机的基本结构建立柴油机一维仿真计算模型和燃烧室的三维仿真计算模型。在对模型进行标定和对柴油机原机性能仿真计算的基础上,为进气系统引入文丘里管装置并对其结构参数进行优化设计。应用所建立的一维和三维柴油机模型,对文丘里管EGR系统柴油机的经济性、NO_x和Soot排放特性进行仿真计算研究,并对计算结果进行试验验证。研究结果表明,优化设计的文丘里管EGR系统可使柴油机在欧洲稳态循环(European steady state cycle,ESC)各工况下实现较为理想的EGR率,并在不明显影响柴油机燃油经济性的前提下,使NO_x排放量下降了约28.4%。文丘里管进气系统可以实现较为理想的高压EGR循环,在柴油机ESC工况下(怠速除外)能够达到较为理想的EGR率。
