Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal trafficking.However,it remains unclear whether protein ...Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal trafficking.However,it remains unclear whether protein arginine methyl transferase-6 modifies neuropathic pain and,if so,what the mechanisms of this effect.In this study,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression levels and its effect on neuropathic pain were investigated in the spared nerve injury model,chronic constriction injury model and bone cancer pain model,using immunohistochemistry,western blotting,immunoprecipitation,and label-free proteomic analysis.The results showed that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 mostly co-localized withβ-tubulinⅢin the dorsal root ganglion,and that its expression decreased following spared nerve injury,chronic constriction injury and bone cancer pain.In addition,PRMT6 knockout(Prmt6~(-/-))mice exhibited pain hypersensitivity.Furthermore,the development of spared nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical pain was attenuated by blocking the decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression.Moreover,when protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression was downregulated in the dorsal root ganglion in mice without spared nerve injury,increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases were observed in the ipsilateral dorsal horn,and the response to mechanical stimuli was enhanced.Mechanistically,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 appeared to contribute to spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F.Additionally,protein arginine methyltransfe rase-6-mediated modulation of hete rogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression required amino atids 319 to 388,but not classical H3R2 methylation.These findings indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 is a potential therapeutic target fo r the treatment of peripheral neuro pathic pain.展开更多
Aqueous film-forming foams(AFFFs)are the primary source of toxic perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)in wastewater.Thus,it is urgent to develop a facile and fast method for identifying fluorosurfactants...Aqueous film-forming foams(AFFFs)are the primary source of toxic perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)in wastewater.Thus,it is urgent to develop a facile and fast method for identifying fluorosurfactants in commercially available AFFFs.In this work,fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance(^(19)F NMR)spectroscopy was optimized to measure AFFFs directly with the extra addition of 5%D_(2)O as the locking reagent,and high-quality spectra could be acquired within 4 min(0.1%fluorosurfactant content).Recovery experiments demonstrated that the use of different AFFFs had no marked influence on the quantitative analysis of fluorosurfactants.Such method works with low-field NMR spectroscopy(1.4 T)as well.Two-dimensional(2D)^(19)F COSY NMR was used to make signal assignments for different fluorosurfactant derivatives.The optimized ^(19)F NMR could quantify the commercially available fluorosurfactants in different AFFFs,identify them being in either the perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)or fluorotelomer sulfonic acid(FTS)categories,and distinguish the head-group of PFOS and FTS derivatives,which exhibits great potentials in the developments of relevant commercial detections.展开更多
This study aims to discuss anisotropic solutions that are spherically symmetric in the quintessence field,which describe compact stellar objects in the modified Rastall teleparallel theory of gravity.To achieve this g...This study aims to discuss anisotropic solutions that are spherically symmetric in the quintessence field,which describe compact stellar objects in the modified Rastall teleparallel theory of gravity.To achieve this goal,the Krori and Barua arrangement for spherically symmetric components of the line element is incorporated.We explore the field equations by selecting appropriate off-diagonal tetrad fields.Born-Infeld function of torsion f(T)=β√λT+1-1 and power law form h(T)=δTn are used.The Born-Infeld gravity was the first modified teleparallel gravity to discuss inflation.We use the linear equation of state pr=ξρto separate the quintessence density.After obtaining the field equations,we investigate different physical parameters that demonstrate the stability and physical acceptability of the stellar models.We use observational data,such as the mass and radius of the compact star candidates PSRJ 1416-2230,Cen X-3,&4U 1820-30,to ensure the physical plausibility of our findings.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a leading cause of death worldwide.Current therapies are effective for HCC patients with early disease,but many patients suffer recurrence after surgery and have a poor response to chem...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a leading cause of death worldwide.Current therapies are effective for HCC patients with early disease,but many patients suffer recurrence after surgery and have a poor response to chemotherapy.Therefore,new therapeutic targets are needed.We analyzed gene expression profiles between HCC tissues and normal adjacent tissues from public databases and found that the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism was significantly different.The analysis showed that AKR1C3 was upregulated in tumors,and high AKR1C3 expression was associated with a poorer prognosis in HCC patients.In vitro,assays demonstrated that the knockdown of AKR1C3 or the addition of the AKR1C3 inhibitor indomethacin suppressed the growth and colony formation of HCC cell lines.Knockdown of AKR1C3 in Huh7 cells reduced tumor growth in vivo.To explore the mechanism,we performed pathway enrichment analysis,and the results linked the expression of AKR1C3 with prostaglandin F2 alpha(PGF2a)downstream target genes.Suppression of AKR1C3 activity reduced the production of PGF2a,and supplementation with PGF2a restored the growth of indomethacin-treated Huh7 cells.Knockdown of the PGF receptor(PTGFR)and treatment with a PTGFR inhibitor significantly reduced HCC growth.We showed that indomethacin potentiated the sensitivity of Huh7 cells to sorafenib.In summary,our results indicate that AKR1C3 upregulation may promote HCC growth by promoting the production of PGF2α,and suppression of PTGFR limited HCC growth.Therefore,targeting the AKR1C3-PGF2a-PTGFR axis may be a new strategy for the treatment of HCC.展开更多
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant pathological alte ration that occurs in Parkinson's disease(PD),and the Thr61lle(T61I)mutation in coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain containing 2(CHCHD2),a crucia...Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant pathological alte ration that occurs in Parkinson's disease(PD),and the Thr61lle(T61I)mutation in coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain containing 2(CHCHD2),a crucial mitochondrial protein,has been reported to cause Parkinson's disease.FIFO-ATPase participates in the synthesis of cellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and plays a central role in mitochondrial energy metabolism.However,the specific roles of wild-type(WT)CHCHD2 and T611-mutant CHCHD2 in regulating F1FO-ATPase activity in Parkinson's disease,as well as whether CHCHD2 or CHCHD2 T61I affects mitochondrial function through regulating F1FO-ATPase activity,remain unclea r.Therefore,in this study,we expressed WT CHCHD2 and T61l-mutant CHCHD2 in an MPP^(+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model of PD.We found that CHCHD2 protected mitochondria from developing MPP^(+)-induced dysfunction.Under normal conditions,ove rexpression of WT CHCHD2 promoted F1FO-ATPase assembly,while T61I-mutant CHCHD2 appeared to have lost the ability to regulate F1FO-ATPase assembly.In addition,mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation showed that there was an interaction between CHCHD2 and F1FO-ATPase.Three weeks after transfection with AAV-CHCHD2 T61I,we intraperitoneally injected 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine into mice to establish an animal model of chronic Parkinson's disease and found that exogenous expression of the mutant protein worsened the behavioral deficits and dopaminergic neurodegeneration seen in this model.These findings suggest that WT CHCHD2 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction in PD by maintaining F1F0-ATPase structure and function.展开更多
KFeSO_(4)F(KFSF)is considered a potential cathode due to the large capacity and low cost.However,the inferior electronic conductivity leads to poor electrochemical performance.Defect engineering can facilitate the ele...KFeSO_(4)F(KFSF)is considered a potential cathode due to the large capacity and low cost.However,the inferior electronic conductivity leads to poor electrochemical performance.Defect engineering can facilitate the electron/ion transfer by tuning electronic structure,thus providing favorable electrochemical performance.Herein,through the regulation of surface defect engineering in reduced graphene oxide(rGO),the Fe–C bonds were formed between KFSF and rGO.The Fe–C bonds formed work in regulating the Fe-3d orbital as well as promoting the migration ability of K ions and increasing the electronic conductivity of KFSF.Thus,the KFSF@rGO delivers a high capacity of 119.6 mAh g^(-1).When matched with a graphite@pitch-derived S-doped carbon anode,the full cell delivers an energy density of 250.5 Wh kg^(-1) and a capacity retention of 81.5%after 400 cycles.This work offers a simple and valid method to develop high-performance cathodes by tuning defect sites.展开更多
As a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical,bisphenol F(BPF)may cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-like changes,but the mechanisms under its pathogenesis as well as the intervention strategies remain uncle...As a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical,bisphenol F(BPF)may cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-like changes,but the mechanisms under its pathogenesis as well as the intervention strategies remain unclear.Using the electron microscopy technology,along with LipidTOX Deep Red neutral and Bodipy 493/503 staining assays,we observed that BPF treatment elicited a striking accumulation of lipid droplets in HepG2 cells,accompanied by an increased total level of triglycerides.At the molecular level,the lipogenesis-associated mRNAs and proteins,including acetyl-CoA carboxylase,fatty acid synthase,stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma,and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins,increased significantly via the AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling regulation in both in vitro and in vivo studies.Furthermore,the immunofluorescence results also showed the robust lipogenesis induced by BPF,evident in its ability to promote the translocation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c from the cytoplasm to the nuclei.To investigate the intervention strategies for BPF-induced NAFLD-like changes,we demonstrated that bellidifolin,isolated and purified from Swertia chirayita,significantly attenuated BPF-induced lipid droplet deposition in HepG2 cells and NAFLD-like changes in mice by blocking the expression of lipogenesis-associated proteins.Therefore,the present study elucidates the mechanisms underlying the BPF-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells,while also highlighting the potential of bellidifolin to mitigate BPF-induced NAFLD-like changes.展开更多
Improving the energy conversion efficiency in metallic fuel(e.g.,Al)combustion is always desirable but challenging,which often involves redox reactions of aluminum(Al)with various mixed oxidizing environments.For inst...Improving the energy conversion efficiency in metallic fuel(e.g.,Al)combustion is always desirable but challenging,which often involves redox reactions of aluminum(Al)with various mixed oxidizing environments.For instance,Al-O reaction is the most common pathway to release limited energy while Al-F reaction has received much attentions to enhance Al combustion efficiency.However,microscopic understanding of the Al-O/Al-F reaction dynamics remains unsolved,which is fundamentally necessary to further improve Al combustion efficiency.In this work,for the first time,Al-O/Al-F reaction dynamic effects on the combustion of aluminum nanoparticles(n-Al)in oxygen/fluorine containing environments have been revealed via reactive molecular dynamics(RMD)simulations meshing together combustion experiments.Three RMD simulation systems of Al core/O_(2)/HF,n-Al/O_(2)/HF,and n-Al/O_(2)/CF4 with oxygen percentage ranging from 0%to 100%have been performed.The n-Al combustion in mixed O_(2)/CF_4 environments have been conducted by constant volume combustion experiments.RMD results show that Al-O reaction exhibits kinetic benefits while Al-F reaction owns thermodynamic benefits for n-Al combustion.In n-Al/O_(2)/HF,Al-O reaction gives faster energy release rate than Al-F reaction(1.1 times).The optimal energy release efficiency can be achieved with suitable oxygen percentage of 10%and 50%for n-Al/O_(2)/HF and n-Al/O_(2)/CF_4,respectively.In combustion experiments,90%of oxygen percentage can optimally enhance the peak pressure,pressurization rate and combustion heat.Importantly,Al-O reaction prefers to occur on the surface regions while Al-F reaction prefers to proceed in the interior regions of n-Al,confirming the kinetic/thermodynamic benefits of Al-O/Al-F reactions.The synergistic effect of Al-O/Al-F reaction for greatly enhancing n-Al combustion efficiency is demonstrated at atomicscale,which is beneficial for optimizing the combustion performance of metallic fuel.展开更多
Bivalve aquaculture plays a crucial role in the aquaculture industry due to the economic value of many bivalve species.Understanding the underlying genetic basis of bivalve growth regulation is essential for enhancing...Bivalve aquaculture plays a crucial role in the aquaculture industry due to the economic value of many bivalve species.Understanding the underlying genetic basis of bivalve growth regulation is essential for enhancing germplasm innovation and ensuring sustainable development of the industry.Though numerous candidate genes have been identified,their functional validation remains challenging.Fortunately,the dwarf surf clam(Mulinia lateralis)serves as a promising model organism for investigating genetic mechanisms underlying growth regulation in bivalves.The GWAS study in the Yesso scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis)has pinpointed the E2F3 gene as a key regulator of growth-related traits.However,the specific role of E2F3 in bivalve growth remains unclear.This study aimed to further confirm the regulatory function of the E2F3 gene in the dwarf surf clam through RNA interference experiments.Our results revealed several genes are associated with individual growth and development,including CTS7,HSP70B2,and PGLYRP3,as well as genes involved in lipid metabolism such as FABP2 and FASN.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that E2F3 primarily modulates critical processes like amino acid and lipid metabolism.These findings suggest that E2F3 likely regulates growth in the dwarf surf clam by influencing amino acid and lipid metabolism.Overall,this study advances our understanding on the function of E2F3 gene in growth regulation in bivalves,providing valuable insights for future research in this field.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82001178(to LW),81901129(to LH),82001175(to FX)Shanghai Sailing Program,No.20YF1439200(to LW)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China,No.23ZR1450800(to LH)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.YG2023LC15(to ZX)。
文摘Protein arginine methyltransferase-6 participates in a range of biological functions,particularly RNA processing,transcription,chromatin remodeling,and endosomal trafficking.However,it remains unclear whether protein arginine methyl transferase-6 modifies neuropathic pain and,if so,what the mechanisms of this effect.In this study,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression levels and its effect on neuropathic pain were investigated in the spared nerve injury model,chronic constriction injury model and bone cancer pain model,using immunohistochemistry,western blotting,immunoprecipitation,and label-free proteomic analysis.The results showed that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 mostly co-localized withβ-tubulinⅢin the dorsal root ganglion,and that its expression decreased following spared nerve injury,chronic constriction injury and bone cancer pain.In addition,PRMT6 knockout(Prmt6~(-/-))mice exhibited pain hypersensitivity.Furthermore,the development of spared nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity to mechanical pain was attenuated by blocking the decrease in protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression.Moreover,when protein arginine methyltransferase-6 expression was downregulated in the dorsal root ganglion in mice without spared nerve injury,increased levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases were observed in the ipsilateral dorsal horn,and the response to mechanical stimuli was enhanced.Mechanistically,protein arginine methyltransferase-6 appeared to contribute to spared nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by regulating the expression of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F.Additionally,protein arginine methyltransfe rase-6-mediated modulation of hete rogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-F expression required amino atids 319 to 388,but not classical H3R2 methylation.These findings indicated that protein arginine methyltransferase-6 is a potential therapeutic target fo r the treatment of peripheral neuro pathic pain.
基金financially supported by the“National Key R&D Program of China”(No.2022YFC3004900)“Basic Research Fund of TFRI”(No.2022SJ07)。
文摘Aqueous film-forming foams(AFFFs)are the primary source of toxic perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)in wastewater.Thus,it is urgent to develop a facile and fast method for identifying fluorosurfactants in commercially available AFFFs.In this work,fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance(^(19)F NMR)spectroscopy was optimized to measure AFFFs directly with the extra addition of 5%D_(2)O as the locking reagent,and high-quality spectra could be acquired within 4 min(0.1%fluorosurfactant content).Recovery experiments demonstrated that the use of different AFFFs had no marked influence on the quantitative analysis of fluorosurfactants.Such method works with low-field NMR spectroscopy(1.4 T)as well.Two-dimensional(2D)^(19)F COSY NMR was used to make signal assignments for different fluorosurfactant derivatives.The optimized ^(19)F NMR could quantify the commercially available fluorosurfactants in different AFFFs,identify them being in either the perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)or fluorotelomer sulfonic acid(FTS)categories,and distinguish the head-group of PFOS and FTS derivatives,which exhibits great potentials in the developments of relevant commercial detections.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11975145)
文摘This study aims to discuss anisotropic solutions that are spherically symmetric in the quintessence field,which describe compact stellar objects in the modified Rastall teleparallel theory of gravity.To achieve this goal,the Krori and Barua arrangement for spherically symmetric components of the line element is incorporated.We explore the field equations by selecting appropriate off-diagonal tetrad fields.Born-Infeld function of torsion f(T)=β√λT+1-1 and power law form h(T)=δTn are used.The Born-Infeld gravity was the first modified teleparallel gravity to discuss inflation.We use the linear equation of state pr=ξρto separate the quintessence density.After obtaining the field equations,we investigate different physical parameters that demonstrate the stability and physical acceptability of the stellar models.We use observational data,such as the mass and radius of the compact star candidates PSRJ 1416-2230,Cen X-3,&4U 1820-30,to ensure the physical plausibility of our findings.
基金National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Far Eastern Memorial Hospital Joint Research Programs(NYCU-FEMH 109DN03,110DN06,111DN04,112DN05).
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a leading cause of death worldwide.Current therapies are effective for HCC patients with early disease,but many patients suffer recurrence after surgery and have a poor response to chemotherapy.Therefore,new therapeutic targets are needed.We analyzed gene expression profiles between HCC tissues and normal adjacent tissues from public databases and found that the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism was significantly different.The analysis showed that AKR1C3 was upregulated in tumors,and high AKR1C3 expression was associated with a poorer prognosis in HCC patients.In vitro,assays demonstrated that the knockdown of AKR1C3 or the addition of the AKR1C3 inhibitor indomethacin suppressed the growth and colony formation of HCC cell lines.Knockdown of AKR1C3 in Huh7 cells reduced tumor growth in vivo.To explore the mechanism,we performed pathway enrichment analysis,and the results linked the expression of AKR1C3 with prostaglandin F2 alpha(PGF2a)downstream target genes.Suppression of AKR1C3 activity reduced the production of PGF2a,and supplementation with PGF2a restored the growth of indomethacin-treated Huh7 cells.Knockdown of the PGF receptor(PTGFR)and treatment with a PTGFR inhibitor significantly reduced HCC growth.We showed that indomethacin potentiated the sensitivity of Huh7 cells to sorafenib.In summary,our results indicate that AKR1C3 upregulation may promote HCC growth by promoting the production of PGF2α,and suppression of PTGFR limited HCC growth.Therefore,targeting the AKR1C3-PGF2a-PTGFR axis may be a new strategy for the treatment of HCC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Youth Program),No.81901282(to XC)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81401416(to PX),81870992(to PX),81870856(to XC and MZ)+3 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation the Science Foundation,No.2019A1515011189(to XC)Central Government Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Projects,No.ZYYD2022C17(to PX)Key Project of Guangzhou Health Commission,No.2019-ZD-09(to PX)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangzhou,Nos.202102020029(to XC),202102010010(to PX)。
文摘Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant pathological alte ration that occurs in Parkinson's disease(PD),and the Thr61lle(T61I)mutation in coiled-coil helix coiled-coil helix domain containing 2(CHCHD2),a crucial mitochondrial protein,has been reported to cause Parkinson's disease.FIFO-ATPase participates in the synthesis of cellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and plays a central role in mitochondrial energy metabolism.However,the specific roles of wild-type(WT)CHCHD2 and T611-mutant CHCHD2 in regulating F1FO-ATPase activity in Parkinson's disease,as well as whether CHCHD2 or CHCHD2 T61I affects mitochondrial function through regulating F1FO-ATPase activity,remain unclea r.Therefore,in this study,we expressed WT CHCHD2 and T61l-mutant CHCHD2 in an MPP^(+)-induced SH-SY5Y cell model of PD.We found that CHCHD2 protected mitochondria from developing MPP^(+)-induced dysfunction.Under normal conditions,ove rexpression of WT CHCHD2 promoted F1FO-ATPase assembly,while T61I-mutant CHCHD2 appeared to have lost the ability to regulate F1FO-ATPase assembly.In addition,mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation showed that there was an interaction between CHCHD2 and F1FO-ATPase.Three weeks after transfection with AAV-CHCHD2 T61I,we intraperitoneally injected 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine into mice to establish an animal model of chronic Parkinson's disease and found that exogenous expression of the mutant protein worsened the behavioral deficits and dopaminergic neurodegeneration seen in this model.These findings suggest that WT CHCHD2 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction in PD by maintaining F1F0-ATPase structure and function.
基金support from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFE0202000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52102213)Science Technology Program of Jilin Province(Grant No.20230101128JC).
文摘KFeSO_(4)F(KFSF)is considered a potential cathode due to the large capacity and low cost.However,the inferior electronic conductivity leads to poor electrochemical performance.Defect engineering can facilitate the electron/ion transfer by tuning electronic structure,thus providing favorable electrochemical performance.Herein,through the regulation of surface defect engineering in reduced graphene oxide(rGO),the Fe–C bonds were formed between KFSF and rGO.The Fe–C bonds formed work in regulating the Fe-3d orbital as well as promoting the migration ability of K ions and increasing the electronic conductivity of KFSF.Thus,the KFSF@rGO delivers a high capacity of 119.6 mAh g^(-1).When matched with a graphite@pitch-derived S-doped carbon anode,the full cell delivers an energy density of 250.5 Wh kg^(-1) and a capacity retention of 81.5%after 400 cycles.This work offers a simple and valid method to develop high-performance cathodes by tuning defect sites.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant No.21KJA330002)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20211252)+3 种基金Young and Middle-aged Academic Leaders of the"Blue Project"in Jiangsu Universities(2022-2)Jiangsu Health and Family Planning Commission Medical Research Program(Grant No.Z2018035)Project of Public Health Research Center of Jiangnan University(Grant No.JUPH201842)Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine(Grant No.XZR2020021).
文摘As a potential endocrine-disrupting chemical,bisphenol F(BPF)may cause nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)-like changes,but the mechanisms under its pathogenesis as well as the intervention strategies remain unclear.Using the electron microscopy technology,along with LipidTOX Deep Red neutral and Bodipy 493/503 staining assays,we observed that BPF treatment elicited a striking accumulation of lipid droplets in HepG2 cells,accompanied by an increased total level of triglycerides.At the molecular level,the lipogenesis-associated mRNAs and proteins,including acetyl-CoA carboxylase,fatty acid synthase,stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma,and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins,increased significantly via the AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling regulation in both in vitro and in vivo studies.Furthermore,the immunofluorescence results also showed the robust lipogenesis induced by BPF,evident in its ability to promote the translocation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c from the cytoplasm to the nuclei.To investigate the intervention strategies for BPF-induced NAFLD-like changes,we demonstrated that bellidifolin,isolated and purified from Swertia chirayita,significantly attenuated BPF-induced lipid droplet deposition in HepG2 cells and NAFLD-like changes in mice by blocking the expression of lipogenesis-associated proteins.Therefore,the present study elucidates the mechanisms underlying the BPF-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells,while also highlighting the potential of bellidifolin to mitigate BPF-induced NAFLD-like changes.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant Nos.12002324,12372341,12172342)。
文摘Improving the energy conversion efficiency in metallic fuel(e.g.,Al)combustion is always desirable but challenging,which often involves redox reactions of aluminum(Al)with various mixed oxidizing environments.For instance,Al-O reaction is the most common pathway to release limited energy while Al-F reaction has received much attentions to enhance Al combustion efficiency.However,microscopic understanding of the Al-O/Al-F reaction dynamics remains unsolved,which is fundamentally necessary to further improve Al combustion efficiency.In this work,for the first time,Al-O/Al-F reaction dynamic effects on the combustion of aluminum nanoparticles(n-Al)in oxygen/fluorine containing environments have been revealed via reactive molecular dynamics(RMD)simulations meshing together combustion experiments.Three RMD simulation systems of Al core/O_(2)/HF,n-Al/O_(2)/HF,and n-Al/O_(2)/CF4 with oxygen percentage ranging from 0%to 100%have been performed.The n-Al combustion in mixed O_(2)/CF_4 environments have been conducted by constant volume combustion experiments.RMD results show that Al-O reaction exhibits kinetic benefits while Al-F reaction owns thermodynamic benefits for n-Al combustion.In n-Al/O_(2)/HF,Al-O reaction gives faster energy release rate than Al-F reaction(1.1 times).The optimal energy release efficiency can be achieved with suitable oxygen percentage of 10%and 50%for n-Al/O_(2)/HF and n-Al/O_(2)/CF_4,respectively.In combustion experiments,90%of oxygen percentage can optimally enhance the peak pressure,pressurization rate and combustion heat.Importantly,Al-O reaction prefers to occur on the surface regions while Al-F reaction prefers to proceed in the interior regions of n-Al,confirming the kinetic/thermodynamic benefits of Al-O/Al-F reactions.The synergistic effect of Al-O/Al-F reaction for greatly enhancing n-Al combustion efficiency is demonstrated at atomicscale,which is beneficial for optimizing the combustion performance of metallic fuel.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U2106231)the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province (No. 2021 ZLGX03)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFD2400303)
文摘Bivalve aquaculture plays a crucial role in the aquaculture industry due to the economic value of many bivalve species.Understanding the underlying genetic basis of bivalve growth regulation is essential for enhancing germplasm innovation and ensuring sustainable development of the industry.Though numerous candidate genes have been identified,their functional validation remains challenging.Fortunately,the dwarf surf clam(Mulinia lateralis)serves as a promising model organism for investigating genetic mechanisms underlying growth regulation in bivalves.The GWAS study in the Yesso scallop(Patinopecten yessoensis)has pinpointed the E2F3 gene as a key regulator of growth-related traits.However,the specific role of E2F3 in bivalve growth remains unclear.This study aimed to further confirm the regulatory function of the E2F3 gene in the dwarf surf clam through RNA interference experiments.Our results revealed several genes are associated with individual growth and development,including CTS7,HSP70B2,and PGLYRP3,as well as genes involved in lipid metabolism such as FABP2 and FASN.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that E2F3 primarily modulates critical processes like amino acid and lipid metabolism.These findings suggest that E2F3 likely regulates growth in the dwarf surf clam by influencing amino acid and lipid metabolism.Overall,this study advances our understanding on the function of E2F3 gene in growth regulation in bivalves,providing valuable insights for future research in this field.