Numerical and experimental study on the falling film flow characteristics with the effect of co-current gas flow in hydrogen liquefaction process

Liquid hydrogen storage and transportation is an effective method for large-scale transportation and utilization of hydrogen energy. Revealing the flow mechanism of cryogenic working fluid is the key to optimize heat exchanger structure and hydrogen liquefaction process(LH2). The methods of cryogenic visualization experiment, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation are conducted to study the falling film flow characteristics with the effect of co-current gas flow in LH2spiral wound heat exchanger.The results show that the flow rate of mixed refrigerant has a great influence on liquid film spreading process, falling film flow pattern and heat transfer performance. The liquid film of LH2mixed refrigerant with column flow pattern can not uniformly and completely cover the tube wall surface. As liquid flow rate increases, the falling film flow pattern evolves into sheet-column flow and sheet flow, and liquid film completely covers the surface of tube wall. With the increase of shear effect of gas-phase mixed refrigerant in the same direction, the liquid film gradually becomes unstable, and the flow pattern eventually evolves into a mist flow.

Effect of structured nurse-patient conversation on preventing falls among patients in an acute care hospital:A mixed study

Objectives:Inpatient falls are a major patient safety issue in acute care hospitals.Multifactorial inhospital fall prevention programs have shown reductions in falls and related risks.One common element of successful programs is active patient involvement.This study objective was to explore patients’and nurses’experiences with a structured intervention to foster patient involvement.Methods:This study was conducted between September 2020 and April 2021 in a university hospital neurological ward.The studied intervention consisted of a falls information leaflet,and a structured nurse-patient conversation about fall risk-reduction activities.Nurses were trained to deliver the intervention and supported throughout the study.Nurses’and patients’experiences regarding personal involvement,satisfaction,and confidence were surveyed and analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.Results:Fifty-six patients recruited by ward nurses received the intervention.After receiving the intervention,patients reported high levels of satisfaction with the in-hospital fall prevention conversation.Twenty-one nurses indicated that they would use the leaflet and communication aid.Twenty-one nurses commented on intervention facilitators and barriers.More specific facilitators included their shared perception that“handing out the leaflet to patients was not problematic”and that the leaflet was seen as“applicable in many patient situations.”Their comments indicated two particularly prominent barriers to conducting the intervention in clinical practice:1)“finding the time for the implementation in the daily clinical routine and workload”and 2)“environmental factors like a noisy and busy atmosphere on the ward.”Conclusions:This study provides insights into a patient involvement intervention featuring a structured nurse-patient discussion about fall risks.The accompanying information leaflet and communication guide require adaptations to facilitate sustainable implementation into the hospital’s fall prevention program,but proved useful.

Fuzzy inference system using genetic algorithm and pattern search for predicting roof fall rate in underground coal mines

One of the most dangerous safety hazard in underground coal mines is roof falls during retreat mining.Roof falls may cause life-threatening and non-fatal injuries to miners and impede mining and transportation operations.As a result,a reliable roof fall prediction model is essential to tackle such challenges.Different parameters that substantially impact roof falls are ill-defined and intangible,making this an uncertain and challenging research issue.The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health assembled a national database of roof performance from 37 coal mines to explore the factors contributing to roof falls.Data acquired for 37 mines is limited due to several restrictions,which increased the likelihood of incompleteness.Fuzzy logic is a technique for coping with ambiguity,incompleteness,and uncertainty.Therefore,In this paper,the fuzzy inference method is presented,which employs a genetic algorithm to create fuzzy rules based on 109 records of roof fall data and pattern search to refine the membership functions of parameters.The performance of the deployed model is evaluated using statistical measures such as the Root-Mean-Square Error,Mean-Absolute-Error,and coefficient of determination(R_(2)).Based on these criteria,the suggested model outperforms the existing models to precisely predict roof fall rates using fewer fuzzy rules.

A Novel Fall Detection Framework Using Skip-DSCGAN Based on Inertial Sensor Data

With the widespread use of Internet of Things(IoT)technology in daily life and the considerable safety risks of falls for elderly individuals,research on IoT-based fall detection systems has gainedmuch attention.This paper proposes an IoT-based spatiotemporal data processing framework based on a depthwise separable convolution generative adversarial network using skip-connection(Skip-DSCGAN)for fall detection.The method uses spatiotemporal data from accelerometers and gyroscopes in inertial sensors as input data.A semisupervised learning approach is adopted to train the model using only activities of daily living(ADL)data,which can avoid data imbalance problems.Furthermore,a quantile-based approach is employed to determine the fall threshold,which makes the fall detection frameworkmore robust.This proposed fall detection framework is evaluated against four other generative adversarial network(GAN)models with superior anomaly detection performance using two fall public datasets(SisFall&MobiAct).The test results show that the proposed method achieves better results,reaching 96.93% and 92.75% accuracy on the above two test datasets,respectively.At the same time,the proposed method also achieves satisfactory results in terms ofmodel size and inference delay time,making it suitable for deployment on wearable devices with limited resources.In addition,this paper also compares GAN-based semisupervised learning methods with supervised learning methods commonly used in fall detection.It clarifies the advantages of GAN-based semisupervised learning methods in fall detection.

Ambulance Records as an Information Source to Document and Prevent Fall Injuries in Sweden

In Sweden, there has been only limited documentation for injuries requiring ambulance responses. The main objective of this study is, through the use of historic data, to assess the suitability of ambulance records to describe circumstances with fall injuries. Methods: The injury events data around patients were sourced from the ambulance data register. Descriptive statistics were used to describe injured patients based on age group, type of injury, place of injury, injury mechanism and consequence of an injury event. Two-group comparison was performed with Pearson’s chi-squared. Predictors of transport to hospital were identified using logistic regression analyses. Result: Ambulance provides unique data on all injury events, with direct implications for translational research, public policy and clinical practice (safety promotion). In 2002 ambulance attended 3964 injured people which represents 14% of ambulance attended workload in Värmland county, Sweden. The most common trauma location was the traffic area followed by residential area and nursing home. These three injury sites account for 2320 cases (61.6%). The most common cause of injury was falls (63.9%) followed by contact with another person (26.5%). Contact with another person is the most common site of injury in the traffic area (79.5%), and men aged 25-66 years are overrepresented. Conclusion: Logistic regression found that, age-group and place code were significant predictor for being attended by ambulance. Traffic, home and nursing homes were over-represented injury environments (61.6%) that require special attention. Most injury cases occur in the home and nursing homes among people over 67 years of age. Surprisingly, most of the injury events in the traffic environment are about hitting another person. Paramedics can provide rich and valuable data on injury events. Registration of such data is entirely possible and desirable, and can be used in preventive work.

Factors associated with the incidence of patient falls in hospitals:A scoping review

When a patient falls within a hospital setting,there is a significant increase in the risk of severe injury or health complications.Recognizing factors associated with such falls is crucial to mitigate their impact on patient safety.This review seeks to analyze the factors contributing to patient falls in hospitals.The main goal is to enhance our understanding of the reasons behind these falls,enabling hospitals to devise more effective prevention strategies.This study reviewed literature published from 2013 to 2022,using the Arksey and O’Malley methodology for a scoping review.The research literature was searched from seven databases,namely,PubMed,ScienceDirect,Wiley Library,Garuda,Global Index Medicus,Emerald Insight,and Google Scholar.The inclusion criteria comprised both qualitative and quantitative primary and secondary data studies centered on hospitalized patients.Out of the 893 studies analyzed,23 met the criteria and were included in this review.Although there is not an abundance of relevant literature,this review identified several factors associated with falls in hospitals.These encompass environmental,patient,staff,and medical factors.This study offers valuable insights for hospitals and medical personnel aiming to enhance fall prevention practices.Effective prevention efforts should prioritize early identification of patient risk factors,enhancement of the care environment,thorough training for care staff,and vigilant supervision of high-risk patients.By comprehending the factors that contribute to patient falls,hospitals can bolster patient safety and mitigate the adverse effects of falls within the health-care setting.

A Double-Interactively Recurrent Fuzzy Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller Model Combined with an Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Method for Fall Detection

In many Eastern and Western countries,falling birth rates have led to the gradual aging of society.Older adults are often left alone at home or live in a long-term care center,which results in them being susceptible to unsafe events(such as falls)that can have disastrous consequences.However,automatically detecting falls fromvideo data is challenging,and automatic fall detection methods usually require large volumes of training data,which can be difficult to acquire.To address this problem,video kinematic data can be used as training data,thereby avoiding the requirement of creating a large fall data set.This study integrated an improved particle swarm optimization method into a double interactively recurrent fuzzy cerebellar model articulation controller model to develop a costeffective and accurate fall detection system.First,it obtained an optical flow(OF)trajectory diagram from image sequences by using the OF method,and it solved problems related to focal length and object offset by employing the discrete Fourier transform(DFT)algorithm.Second,this study developed the D-IRFCMAC model,which combines spatial and temporal(recurrent)information.Third,it designed an IPSO(Improved Particle Swarm Optimization)algorithm that effectively strengthens the exploratory capabilities of the proposed D-IRFCMAC(Double-Interactively Recurrent Fuzzy Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller)model in the global search space.The proposed approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of action recognition accuracy on the UR-Fall,UP-Fall,and PRECIS HAR data sets.The UCF11 dataset had an average accuracy of 93.13%,whereas the UCF101 dataset had an average accuracy of 92.19%.The UR-Fall dataset had an accuracy of 100%,the UP-Fall dataset had an accuracy of 99.25%,and the PRECIS HAR dataset had an accuracy of 99.07%.

Analysis of the Clinical Interventions for Falls in Elderly Patients in the Community From 2002 To 2022:A Bibliometric Analysis

Objective:To analyze and provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients in the community.Methods:The search for publications related to clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients in the community from 2002 to 2022 was conducted on the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)database.VOSviewers,CiteSpace,and the R package“bibliometrix”were used to conduct this bibliometric analysis.Results:2091 articles from 70 countries,primarily the United States and Australia,were included.The number of publications related to clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients is increasing yearly.The main research institutions in this field were the University of Sydney,Harvard University,and the University of California.BioMed Central(BMC)Geriatrics was the most popular journal in this field and Journals of the American Geriatrics Society was the most co-cited journal.These publications came from 8984 authors among which author Lord SR had published the most papers and author Tinetti Me had the most co-citations.The main keywords in this research field were“balance,”“exercise,”and“risk factor.”Conclusion:This was the first bibliometric study that comprehensively summarized the research hot spots and development of clinical interventions for falls in elderly patients in the community.This paper aims to provide a reference for scholars and researchers in this particular field.

The study of pesticide-fertilizer combination prepared with biochar and chlorantraniliprole and its effectiveness in controlling fall armyworms

In this research,a pesticide-fertilizer combination(PFC)was fabricated using chlorantraniliprole and biochar.The PFC had a spherical shape,smooth surface,uniform particles,relatively dense structure and good compression resistance.The adsorption propertie of biochar to chlorantraniliprole was investigated.During the preparation of pelleted granules,the types and concentrations of corefillers and adhesives were screened and optimized.Besides,the safety to maize and effectiveness against fall armyworms of PFC had been investigated.Meanwhile,The PFC could promoted growth of maize significantly and control fall armyworm effectively.This work provides a promising approach to slow the release of chlorantraniliprole,which has a potential application to enhance the pesticides efficiency.

Construction and verification of a model for predicting fall risk in patients with maintenance hemodialysis

Objective:To construct a risk prediction model for fall in patients with maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)and to verify the prediction effect of the model.Methods:From June 2020 to December 2020,307 patients who underwent MHD in a tertiary hospital in Chengdu were divided into a fall group(32 cases)and a non-fall group(275 cases).Logistic regression analysis model was used to establish the influencing factors of the subjects.Hosmer–Lemeshow and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were used to test the goodness of fit and predictive effect of the model,and 104 patients were again included in the application research of the model.Results:The risk factors for fall were history of falls in the past year(OR=3.951),dialysis-related hypotension(OR=6.949),time up and go(TUG)test(OR=4.630),serum albumin(OR=0.661),frailty(OR=7.770),and fasting blood glucose(OR=1.141).Hosmer–Lemeshow test was P=0.475;the area under the ROC curve was 0.907;the Youden index was 0.642;the sensitivity was 0.843;and the specificity was 0.799.Conclusions:The risk prediction model constructed in this study has a good effect and can provide references for clinical screening of fall risks in patients with MHD.

Effectiveness of Extended Care in Preventing Falls in Disabled Elderly and Its Impact on Quality of Life

Objective:To analyze the value of extended care interventions for disabled elderly in preventing falls and optimizing quality of life.Methods:A sample of 60 cases of disabled elderly in a tertiary hospital from May 2022 to May 2023 was selected and grouped by the random number table method.The observation group received extended care,while the control group adopted routine care.The differences in complication rate,fall rate,36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36)score,health knowledge awareness score,and nursing satisfaction were compared.Results:The complication rate and fall rate of the disabled elderly in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,P<0.05;the SF-36 score,health knowledge score,and nursing satisfaction of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Extended care for the disabled elderly can reduce the risk of falls and complications related to disability,as well as optimize their cognition and improve their quality of life,which is efficient and feasible.

Hourly Rounding and Fall Prevention among the Elderly in Long Term Care: A change Process

Long term care facilities have a rising rate of falls and fall related injuries with increasing cost and more hospitalization.Hourly rounding®is an evidenced based intervention that is proactive for nursing staff to be able to identify patient’s needs.This helps with positive fall prevention out­come.This project focused on process improvement efforts for 10 weeks and examining the education and implementation of an evidenced-based hourly rounding program that assisted in reducing the number of falls in the pilot unit.The implementation of the intervention took place in a long-term care facility located in Dallas,Georgia.The hourly rounding tools used in this project were the Studer Group hourly rounding log and competency checklist with permission.Twenty staff members were in­cluded in the sample,age 18 years and 60 years.The unit has 41 residents who were included in the pilot case study design.Staff members were first educated regarding hourly rounding and documentation on the hourly rounding log was done two days before implementation and the pre and post fall rate was retrieved from the facilities fall database.Competency checklist was completed prior to implementation and post implementa­tion to evaluate staff understanding of the main tenets of the 4 P’s(potty,pain,possession,and position).For this project,descriptive statistics was used to help determine fall rates.Minitab was used to analyzed data and to determine if it was clinically significant.In the ten weeks following the hourly rounding implementation,participants performed hourly rounding by incorporating it to each resident’s daily routine and documented their rounds on the log sheet.The results indicated that it is statistically signifi­cant and with a P-values=-<0.0001 and t-value=-5.81.

Some kinds of falling fuzzy filters of lattice implication algebras

In this paper, the concepts of falling fuzzy(implicative, associative) filters of lattice implication algebras based on the theory of falling shadows and fuzzy sets are presented at first. And then the relations between fuzzy(implicative, associative) filters and falling fuzzy(implicative, associative) filters are provided. In particular, we put forward an open question on a kind of falling fuzzy filters of lattice implication algebras. Finally, we apply falling fuzzy inference relations to lattice implication algebras and obtain some related results.

Biomass, litterfall and the nutrient fluxes in Chinese fir stands of different age in subtropical China

Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.), a fast-growing, ever-green conifer tree with high yield and excellent quality, is the most important tree species of timber plantations in subtropical China. We investigated the characteristics of biomass, litterfall and nutrient fluxes in the 8, 14 and 24 year-old stands, representing the young, middle-aged and mature stands. The results showed that Chinese fir plantations in central Fujian province had high productivity, and the proportion of stem mass in total biomass was between 50%-70%. Chinese fir was low nutrient-return tree species with litterfall. Nutrient withdrawal from senescing needles was a strong age-dependence for nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in Chinese fir. With a management system of such short-rotation and continuously pure-crop planting, harvesting timber can lead to great nutrient loss, which may be one of the causes for site degradation.

人抗菌肽FALL-39突变分子的特性和抗菌功能的比较

目的对人抗菌肽FALL-39不同突变分子蛋白的特性及抗菌功能进行初步的比较。方法应用AU-PAGE电泳、RP-HPLC、Om iga蛋白分析软件,比较FALL-39及其突变蛋白FALL-39-Lys24、FALL-39-Lys32、FALL-39-Lys24′32的特性;测定M IC、MEC和MBC值,并比较抗菌作用。结果突变蛋白AU-PAGE电泳迁移速率较快,RP-HPLC出峰时间未见改变,蛋白的亲疏水性、α螺旋结构、抗原性等蛋白特性无明显改变。M IC、MEC和MBC值表明FALL-39突变肽对大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的抗菌活性有所增强。结论突变蛋白在增加正电荷的同时,虽未改变蛋白的特性,但抗菌活性增强。

Numerical study on dehumidifying process in falling film dehumidifier

A counter flow model of simultaneous heat and mass transfer of a vapor absorption process in a falling film dehumidifier is developed. The governing equations with appropriate boundaries and interfacial conditions describing the dehumidifying process are set up. Calcium chloride is applied as the desiccant. The dehumidifying process between falling liquid desiccant film and process air is analyzed and calculated by the control volume approach. Velocity field, temperature distribution and outlet parameters for both the process air and desiccant solution are obtained. The effects of inlet conditions and vertical wall height on the dehumidification process are also predicted. The results show that the humidity ratio, temperature and mass fraction of salt decrease rapidly at the inlet region but slowly at the outlet region along the vertical wall height. The dehumidification processes can be enhanced by increasing the vertical wall height, desiccant solution flow rates or inlet salt concentration in the desiccant solution, respectively. Similarly, the dehumidification process can be improved by decreasing the inlet humidity ratio or flow rates of the process air. The obtained results can improve the performance of the dehumidifier and provide the theoretical basis for the optimization design, and the ooeration and modulation of the solar liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems.

人抗菌肽FALL-39基因定点突变体的构建及其大肠杆菌表达产物的抗菌活性研究

目的 构建人抗菌肽 FAL L - 3 9定点突变子及研究其抗菌活性。方法 采用 PCR体外定点突变技术( PCR- SDM) ,设计两对引物 ,引入一个突变点 ,通过重叠延伸法两次 PCR扩增 ,使 FAL L - 3 9第 3 2位密码子由AAT突变为 AAG,将扩增片段克隆入 PGEXλ1T质粒中 ,转化大肠杆菌 JM10 9,并用 IPTG诱导 ,表达的 FAL L -3 9- lys3 2经纯化后与 FAL L - 3 9进行抗菌活性比较。结果 DNA测序结果表明在预期位点发生突变 ,突变后的FAL L - 3 9- lys3 2蛋白对大肠杆菌 ML - 3 5 p的抗菌活性明显增强 ,其最低抑菌浓度 ( MIC)和最低杀菌浓度 ( MBC)分别由 FAL L - 3 9蛋白的 18.75和 3 7.5 0μg/ m l降低为 FAL L - 3 9- L ys- 3 2的 10 .94和 2 1.88μg/ m l,对绿脓杆菌ATCC2 785 3的 MIC和 MBC值分别为 FAL L - 3 9蛋白的 3 1.2 5和 3 7.5 0μg/ m l降低为 FAL L - 3 9- L ys- 3 2的 18.75和 3 1.2 5μg/ ml。两种蛋白均在含 Medium E的 L B培养基中表现出较高活性 ,在 L B培养基中抗菌活性最低 ,但在同一种培养基中 FAL L - 3 9- L ys- 3 2蛋白抗菌活性要高于 FAL L - 3 9蛋白。结论 用两步 PCR定点突变技术获得一个 FAL L - 3 9- L ys3 2突变子 ,其表达分子的抗菌活性明显增强 ,提示在 FAL L - 3 9分子中增加碱性?

Falls Lake水库内溶解物输运模拟

溶解物在水库内的输运过程受人为因素影响较大。为研究水库内物质输运的过程和机制,以美国北卡罗来纳州的Falls Lake水库为研究对象,运用EFDC三维数值模型对物质在水库内的输运过程进行模拟研究,分析示踪物平均年龄和滞留时间的分布以及变化。结果显示:理想状态下,流量决定溶解物的输运过程;实际情况中,除流量外,水库的即时蓄水量是影响输运过程的另一个重要因素;水库结构和径流分布是导致示踪物在各区域局地滞留时间存在差异的主要因素。

头孢他定与FALL-39用于脓毒血症的疗效

目的观察FALL-39和头孢他定（CFZ）治疗脓毒血症的疗效。方法从pGEX-1λT-FALL-39转染的E.coli JM109中提纯FALL-39，检测FALL-39对绿脓杆菌（PAG）的杀菌活性。采用更生霉素（AMD）增强BALB／c小鼠对PAG感染的敏感性，建立脓毒血症模型，观察FALL-39和CFZ治疗脓毒血症的疗效。结果FALL-39分子量约5kDa，纯化量约600-650μg，对PAG的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）、最低有效浓度（MEC）、最低杀菌浓度（MBC）分别为25、100、50μg／ml。盐水组、脓毒血症组、CFZ治疗组、FALL-39治疗组和CFZ＋FALL-39治疗组小鼠死亡率分别为0％、75％、62．5％、37．5％和12．5％。结论FALL-39治疗脓毒血症比CFZ更为有效，两者联用效果则更佳。