A Triple Nexus Water-Energy-Housing (WEH) Framework Modelling towards Improved Decision-Making in Humanitarian Operations

Given the challenges facing most humanitarian operations worldwide, a change of approach is needed to ensure greater sustainability of humanitarian settlements right from the planning stage. Some studies attribute unsustainability to inadequate provision of basic resources and highlight the apparent bottlenecks that prevent access to the meaningful data needed to plan and remedy problems. Most operations have relied on an “ad hoc ism” approach, employing parallel and disconnected data processing methods, resulting in a wide range of data being collected without subsequent prioritization to optimize interconnections that could enhance performance. There have been little efforts to study the trade-offs potentially at stake. This work proposes a new framework enabling all subsystems to operate in a single system and focusing on data processing perspective. To achieve this, this paper proposes a Triple Nexus Framework as an attempt to integrate water, energy, and housing sector data derived from a specific sub-system within the overall system in the application of Model-Based Systems Engineering. Understanding the synergies between water, energy, and housing, Systems Engineering characterizes the triple nexus framework and identifies opportunities for improved decision-making in processing operational data from these sectors. Two scenarios illustrate how an integrated platform could be a gateway to access meaningful operational data in the system and a starting point for modeling integrated human settlement systems. Upon execution, the model is tested for nexus megadata processing, and the optimization simulation yielded 67% satisfactory results, demonstrating that an integrated system could improve sustainability, and that capacity building in service delivery is more than beneficial.

Dynamic evaluation of water resources carrying capacity of the Dianchi Lake Basin in 2005-2015,based on DSPERM framework model and simulated annealing-projection pursuit model

With the intensi fed impact of human activities,most lakes have been severely disturbed and the lake ecosystem has been seriously damaged,which exerted a great impact on the living envi-ronment of human beings in the lake basins.The health of the lake ecosystem has gradually become one of the hot issues in recent years.In this study,the water resources carrying capacity(WRCC)was used to reveal the chain rel ationship between human activities and water environ-ment in the economic dewelopment of the Dianchi Lake Basin in Kunming City of China during 2005-2015.Specifically,we chose 25 ewaluation indicators related to the water environment and socialeconomic activities,classified them into six subsystems,Le,the driwing force subsystem(D),the water resources si tuation and consumption subsystem(S),the water resources pressure subsystem(P),the water environmental situation subsystem(E),the response subsystem(R),and the management subsystem(M),and built a comprehensive assessment system-DSPERM frame-work model.Si mulated annealing-projection pursuit model which reflects the structure or feature of high-dimensional data was adopted to calculate the WRCC of the Dianchi Lake Basin during 2005-2015 by weighting each evaluation indicator and each subsystem of the DSPERM frame work model.The resuls show that the WRCC of the Dlanchi Lake Basin was in level II(medium carying capacity)from 2005 to 2012.Since 2013,the WRCC has been at level II(strong carying capacity),and from 2005 to 2015,it showed a gradual upward trend.The evaluation indicators of each subsystem varied greatly and exhibited different development trends.The indicators of the water resources pressure subsystem had the greatest impact on the WRCC,followed by the in-dicators of the water environmental si tuation subsystem and the water resources situation and consumption subsystem.We recommend that the DSPERM framework model and the simulated anneal ing-projection pursuit model constructed in this work can be used to analyze the dynamic changes of the WRCC over the years.They have the advantages of practicability and feasibilty,and can provide the basis for the scienti fic decision-making and comprehensive management of regional water environment planning.

Framework to Model User Request Access Patterns in the World Wide Web

In this paper, we present a novel approach to model user request patterns in the World Wide Web. Instead of focusing on the user traffic for web pages, we capture the user interaction at the object level of the web pages. Our framework model consists of three sub-models: one for user file access, one for web pages, and one for storage servers. Web pages are assumed to consist of different types and sizes of objects, which are characterized using several categories: articles, media, and mosaics. The model is implemented with a discrete event simulation and then used to investigate the performance of our system over a variety of parameters in our model. Our performance measure of choice is mean response time and by varying the composition of web pages through our categories, we find that our framework model is able to capture a wide range of conditions that serve as a basis for generating a variety of user request patterns. In addition, we are able to establish a set of parameters that can be used as base cases. One of the goals of this research is for the framework model to be general enough that the parameters can be varied such that it can serve as input for investigating other distributed applications that require the generation of user request access patterns.

Developing a GIS Audit Framework in the Context of Information Technology though a Reductive Model Approach

A GIS audit framework is necessary considering the diverse nature of GIS with regard to components, applications and industry. In practice, checklists are generated during the audit process based on specific objectives. There is no standardized list of items that can be used as a reference. The purpose of this study was to develop a GIS audit framework as a foundation for GIS audits. The framework provides that comprehensive approach to various GIS aspects during the audit process. The design builds on a developed conceptual framework where most significant categories of GIS audit parameters namely data quality, software utilization, GIS competency and procedures (work flows) were identified. The study adopted a reductive model approach to simplify the complexity associated with each category of GIS audit parameter. The resultant audit elements for each category are organized in a matrix that forms an integral part of the framework. The columns comprise audit goal, audit questions and audit subjects as indicators which are qualitatively measured. The rows comprise the parameters (data quality, software utilization, personnel competency and procedure (workflows)). To use the framework, an auditor only needs to create an audit checklist that consists of particular parameters and indicators from the framework depending on audit objective. As part of an on-going research, the next step will involve validating the framework through a mock testing process.

Vue框架下V-model指令的应用研究

V-model是Vue框架中的一种内置API指令,本质上是一种语法糖,负责监听用户的输入事件以更新数据,主要用于表单元素的双向数据绑定。通过V-model指令,可以实现前端与后端数据的同步更新,大幅简化了前端表单处理的工作流程。

Precambrian Geochronology, Chronotectonic Framework and Model of Chronocrustal Structure of the Zhongtiao Mountains

The Zhongtiao Mountains, a typical exposure area of Precambrian rocks, are a concentration area of vari-ous types of copper deposit. The rocks were dated using several dating methods. Based on the age data ob-tained by means of three methods, several aspects are dealt with: (1) the dating results obtained by differentmethods and their geological implications have been compared; (2) a chronotectonic framework has been con-structed by means of these reliable ages, which indicates that the ages of the rocks of the Proterozoic mobilebelt fall in a time span of 2400 to 2000 Ma during which global magmatic records are lacking and reflects theages of important events in the mobile belt; (3) according to the ages of inherited zircons, neodymium modelage of the depleted mantle sources (T_(DM)) and geochemical and geological data, a model of Precambrianchronocrustal structure has been constructed, representing a typical for the North China craton.

Multi-objective Optimization Design of Wing Structure with the Model Management Framework

Evolutionary algorithm is time-consuming because of the large number of evolutions and much times of finite element analysis, when it is used to optimize the wing structure of a certain high altitude long endurance unmanned aviation vehicle（UAV）. In order to improve efficiency it is proposed to construct a model management framework to perform the multi-objective optimization design of wing structure. The sufficient accurate approximation models of objective and constraint functions in the wing structure optimization model are built when using the model management framework, therefore in the evolutionary algorithm a number of finite element analyses can he avoided and the satisfactory multi-objective optimization results of the wing structure of the high altitude long endurance UAV are obtained.

Dynamical Framework of IAP Nine-Level Atmospheric General Circulation Model

The dynamical framework of the nine-level version of the IAP AGCM is presented in this paper. The emphasis of the model's description is put on the following two aspects:(1) A model's standard atmosphere, which is a satisfactory approximation to the observed troposphere and lower stratosphere standard atmosphere, is introduced into the equations of the model to permit a more accurate calculation of the vertical transport terms, especially near the tropopause; (2) The vertical levels of the model are carefully selected to guarantee a smooth dependence of layer thickness upon pressure in order to reduce the truncation error involved in the unequal interval vertical finite-differencing. For testing the model, two kinds of linear baroclinic Rossby-Haurwitz waves, one of which has a dynamically stable vertical structure and the other has a relatively unstable one, are constructed to provide initial conditions for numerical experiments. The two waves have been integrated for more than 300 days and 100 days respectively by using the model and both of them are propagating westward with almost identical phase-speed during the time period of the integrations. No obvious change of the wave patterns is found at the levels in the model's troposphere. The amplitudes of both two waves at the uppermost level, however, exhibit rather significant oscillation with time, of which the periods are exactly 20 days and 25 days espectively.The explanation of this interesting phenomena is still under investigation.

Framework of Distributed Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean-Wave Modeling System

In order to research the interactions between the atmosphere and ocean as well as their important role in the intensive weather systems of coastal areas, and to improve the forecasting ability of the hazardous weather processes of coastal areas, a coupled atmosphere-ocean-wave modeling system has been developed. The agent-based environment framework for linking models allows flexible and dynamic information exchange between models. For the purpose of flexibility, portability and scalability, the framework of the whole system takes a multi-layer architecture that includes a user interface layer, computational layer and service-enabling layer. The numerical experiment presented in this paper demonstrates the performance of the distributed coupled modeling system.

A Unified Framework of the Cloud Computing Service Model

After a comprehensive literature review and analysis, a unified cloud computing framework is proposed, which comprises MapReduce, a vertual machine, Hadoop distributed file system （HDFS）, Hbase, Hadoop, and virtualization. This study also compares Microsoft, Trend Micro, and the proposed unified cloud computing architecture to show that the proposed unified framework of the cloud computing service model is comprehensive and appropriate for the current complexities of businesses. The findings of this study can contribute to the knowledge for academics and practitioners to understand, assess, and analyze a cloud computing service application.

Modeling of cognitive framework in time-stressed decision making

An approach for modeling a human cognitive framework in time-stressed decision making is presented. The recognitive and metacognitive processes that represent the cognitive framework are modeled by the colored Petri nets （CPNs）. A structural and behavioral analysis method is adopted to obtain the static and dynamic property used to verify the CPNs model of the cognitive framework. Finally, an example from the command and control radar recognition system is used to evaluate the feasibility and availability of the CPNs model adopted in practical systems.

Developing a Framework to Measure Watershed Sustainability by Using Hydrological/Water Quality Model

A framework is built, wherein hydrological/water quality model is used to measure watershed sustainability. For this framework, watershed sustainability has been defined and quantified by defining social, environmental and biodiversity indicators. By providing weightage to these indicators, a “River Basin Sustainability Index” is built. The watershed sustainability is then calculated based on the concepts of reliability, resilience and vulnerability. The framework is then applied to a case study, where, based on watershed management principles, four land use scenarios are created in GIS. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used as a hydrology/water quality model. Based on the results the land uses are ranked for sustainability and policy implications have been discussed. This results show that landuse (both type and location) impact watershed sustainability. The existing land use is weak in environmental sustainability. Also, riparian zones play a critical role in watershed sustainability, although beyond certain width their contribution is not significant.

高职设计人才数字素养框架模型与课程改革实践

数字素养是数字时代高级技术技能人才必备能力之一。高职生数字素养将与未来生活、学习和工作密切相关。基于全球数字素养框架能力条目和设计人才培养具体要求的共通性,探索设计学科的跨学科特性与数字素养教育的结合。尝试建立高职设计人才的数字素养培育目标体系,改革数字素养融入设计人才培养各阶段的课程体系,建议数字素养培育生态体系。设计专业课程的改革实践为高等技能人才在专业背景下如何提升数字素养提供了实践方向。

结合数字孪生的斜拉桥系统更新和响应预测

由于传统建模方法难以反馈桥梁系统参数和响应的细微变化,为此提出了以数字孪生体作为结构系统的高保真映射模型。首先,定义数字孪生体包含物理孪生层、数字孪生层和信息交互媒介3部分,数字孪生层的孪生模型是对斜拉桥物理实体的虚拟映射,通过信息交互媒介实现不同层间信息的实时传递;其次,针对具体应用提出了结构信息化、信息数据化和数据模型化3条建模准则,实现对斜拉桥物理实体的信息勾勒和可视化过程,建立高保真的斜拉桥数字孪生模型;最后,以一座实桥端锚索的监测数据为感知信息,将变化的索参数实时反馈给孪生模型,实现模型更新和响应预测。研究结果表明,所提出的数字孪生建模方法能及时反馈实桥的参数变化,并预测由此造成的索力、塔顶偏位及主梁跨中挠度的细微改变。

智情技术赋能的情境教学研究

智情技术可为情境教学提供保障、增加导引、加深理解,使其获得沉浸式多模态教学感官,然智情素养、教学资源、教学条件等因素影响了智情技术在情境教学中的综合应用。阐述了智情技术和情境教学的概念、影响与驱动;从资源、参与和评估三个方面探索情境教学困境和赋能路径;以情境、过程和保障为基本要素,立足真实、专业、展示、复习、协同、交流、辅导、评价八个角度,构建智情技术赋能的情境教学框架与模型;最终以《人机情感》课程为对象,设定情境,设计过程,提出保障策略,旨在为智能技术赋能情境教学提供借鉴。

城市规划健康影响评估理论框架构建

健康影响评估为预测城市发展、城市规划方案和项目的健康效益提供框架,但在融入我国城市规划中仍面临内容体系不清、技术流程不明、模型体系未建立和工作方法缺失等问题。本文构建了城市规划健康影响评估理论框架,系统性地明确了面向城市规划的健康影响评估内容体系、技术流程、模型体系和工作方法。面向城市规划的健康影响评估可从“健康风险控制影响评估”“健康资源支撑保障评估”和“健康行为促进效益评估”3个方面开展;主要技术流程包括参照对象确定、评估范围界定、评估框架构建、评估方法选取和评估开展5个步骤;模型体系由核心模型、相关模型和外围模型构成;最后,规划编制团队与健康影响评估团队可协作推进健康影响评估“全过程”融入规划。本文可为面向城市规划开展健康影响评估提供基本的理论、方法和机制指导。

面向高等教育教师的数据素养分析框架开发和评估:结构方程建模方法

随着信息和通信技术的快速发展,教师数据素养已成为现代教育领域的一个重要趋势.该文基于高等教育教师数据素养的现状和需求,提出一种基于结构方程建模方法的教师数据素养分析框架,旨在探索一种可行的方法来提高教师数据素养水平.通过研究教师的技术整合自我效能感、技术知识水平、对技术的态度以及使用社交网络的目的与他们数据素养水平之间的关系,阐明和分析了数据素养水平与这些变量之间的关系.使用结构方程模型对来自415名教师的数据进行分析,查看变量之间的相关性,并确定哪些预测因素对教师数据素养能力影响最大.同时,通过对定量数据结果进行分析,验证和评估该文所提出的分析框架.采用关系筛选模型,在研究结果审查的模型中检测到教师的技术整合自我效能感是最重要的变量,对数据素养水平的预测具有重要影响.该文结果有助于指导并提升教师数据素养水平,达到提高教育教学质量和效果的目的.

3P学习分析框架下大学生在线学习参与度的影响因素及提升策略——基于NVivo12的质性研究

随着在线学习从个别化参与走向全员参与,如何消解学习者在线学习中的不良情绪、提升在线学习参与度、为学习者的终身学习奠定基础成为亟待解决的问题。通过深度访谈采集数据,并以此为原始资料,采用扎根理论的质性研究方法对访谈资料进行三级编码,提取主要概念和范畴,进而构建影响因素理论模型。研究发现,在线学习中学习参与度受个体学习特点、教师能力要素、课程基本属性、在线学习环境、教学过程体验的影响,在此基础上基于3P学习分析框架构建“学习预备—学习过程—学习结果”的影响因素作用机制模型。研究表明,未来高校在线学习的开展需要充分关注学习者的学习背景,注重学习者信息素养的提升,为有效学习的发生创造条件。在此基础上,教师应进一步完善在线学习活动设计,优化在线学习评价模式,主动变革教学过程中所使用的技术工具,为收集学生全过程的学习数据,提供精准化、个性化的学习反馈创造条件,从而提升人才培养的质量。

“高效办成一件事”的系统内涵、实施逻辑与能力体系

“高效办成一件事”是对“一件事一次办”“一网通办”“跨省通办”等综合政务类政策的集成与升级,其实质是加快实现从“事能办”到“事好办”的转变,其关键在于区县层级政务部门的有效落实。为此,本文立足基层典型的经验反思,着眼“高效办成一件事”的实践推进,从学理层面初步提出其系统内涵、实施逻辑与能力体系。系统内涵:结合物理-事理-人理系统方法论思想,认为“高效办成一件事”相应指向“事项”“办理”“体验”三个维度,且贯序统一于“事好办”。实施逻辑:包括事项维度的生命周期与颗粒度逻辑,办理维度的时间与空间逻辑,以及体验维度的服务设计逻辑。能力体系:涵盖环境认知、理念调适与组织变革,服务支撑、服务运行与服务创新,多方合作与知识提升共三个层次的八项能力,同时其与所处的服务生态共生互促。最后,归纳得到“三维度、五逻辑、八能力”的政务服务框架模型,以期对“高效办成一件事”的实践有所助益。

整体性教学设计:多元模式解析与建构

“整体性教学设计”是教学设计世纪转型中出现的一种思潮,也就是在整体论框架下考察“教学设计”。其特点是以整体任务为依托,指向现实生活和职业领域中的综合能力培养的有序教学设计,达到帮助学习者运用综合能去解决实际生活或工作中遇到的问题。该文从问题设计、解决方法和设计过程等方面来解读当代国际四种整体性教学设计——综合学习设计模式、首要教学原理、认知学徒模式、基于目标场景模式的共通基础。我们希望从代表性的模式和理论中汲取基础的处方性要素,提出自己的整体性教学设计模式框架。