Small heat shock proteins encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins, which play key roles in protecting organisms from various stressors. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of two small heat shock ...Small heat shock proteins encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins, which play key roles in protecting organisms from various stressors. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of two small heat shock proteins （MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1） were cloned from Mytilus galloprovincialis, which encoded peptides of 181 and 247 amino acids, respectively. Both MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1 were detected in all tissues examined by real-time PCR, with the highest expression being observed in muscle and gonad tissues. The real-time PCR results revealed that Cd significantly inhibited MgsHSP22 expression at 24 h and MgsHSP24.1 at 24 and 48 h under 5 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure. MgsHSP24.1 expression was also significantly inhibited after 50 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure for 48 h. With regard to antioxidant enzymes, increased GPx and CAT activity were detected under Cd2＋ stress （5 and 50 ug/L）, while no significant difference in SOD activity was observed throughout the experiment. Overall, both MgsHsps and antioxidant enzymes revealed their potential as Cd stress biomarkers in M. galloprovincialis.展开更多
In this study, a programmable freezing technique has been developed for strip spawned sperm in the blue mussel, M ytilus galloprovincialis. The optimized key parameters include cooling rate, endpoint temperature, thaw...In this study, a programmable freezing technique has been developed for strip spawned sperm in the blue mussel, M ytilus galloprovincialis. The optimized key parameters include cooling rate, endpoint temperature, thawing temperature, sugar addition and sperm to oocyte ratio. The sperm quality was assessed by the fertilization rate or the integrity of sperm component and organelle. The highest post-thaw sperm fertilization rate was 91%, which was produced with sperm cryopreserved in 8% dimethyl sulfoxide at the cooling rate of-4°C/min from 2°C to-30°C before being plunged into liquid nitrogen for at least 12 h, thawed in a 20°C seawater bath and fertilized at sperm to egg ratio of 50 000:1. The addition of glucose, sucrose or trehalose to 8% dimethyl sulfoxide could not further improve fertilization rates. The fluorescent assessments showed that the post-thaw sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly damaged in comparison with fresh sperm.展开更多
Mussel samples from the Dakar coast (Senegal) were analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Microwave acid digestion was also employed for metals (Mn, Pb, Cd, As) determination. Dakar coas...Mussel samples from the Dakar coast (Senegal) were analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Microwave acid digestion was also employed for metals (Mn, Pb, Cd, As) determination. Dakar coast usually receives numerous domestic and industrial discharges without prior treatment. The contents of Arsenic were, in all cases, higher than other metals. However, the bivalve molluscs present themselves as effective bio-monitors when assessing marine aquatic pollution by contaminants in the Dakar coast. The ANOVA analysis allows concluding that significant differences were found between mussels from different sampling points. In all cases, the February samples have in all cases a higher content than those collected in October.展开更多
Butyltin compounds (BTs) including tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation product (DBT) and concentrations of heavy metals (Sn, Cu and Zn) were determined in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from some West...Butyltin compounds (BTs) including tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation product (DBT) and concentrations of heavy metals (Sn, Cu and Zn) were determined in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from some West Algerian harbours. BTs were detected in all the mussels. Quanti?cation of BTs and heavy metals was carried respectively by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, flame AAS. Concentrations of total butyltin (BTs: DBT + TBT) in mussels ranged from 0.49 to 2438 ng/g wet wt. The concentrations (μg/g wet wt) of heavy metals ranged from 0.40 to 3.55 for Sn, 9.62 to 67.03 for Cu, and 87.13 to 731.51 for Zn. Total of tin in mussels ranged from 0.2 to 1054.78 ng/g. Higher concentrations of butyltin compounds were found in mussels collected from Mers El Kebir shipyard, Arzew, a petroleum harbour (industrial), and Beni Saf fishing harbour. This suggested that maritime activities nearby the harbours play a major role as the source of BTs. Indeed, harbour of Arzew is frequented by voluminous tanker. TBT was the predominant compound in mussels collected from almost all the sampling locations;indicate the fresh input of TBT in harbours.展开更多
Mussels close their shell as a protective strategy and the quantification of this behavioral marker may represent an alarm signal when they are exposed to environmental stressors.In the present study,we investigated t...Mussels close their shell as a protective strategy and the quantification of this behavioral marker may represent an alarm signal when they are exposed to environmental stressors.In the present study,we investigated the ability of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to recover and then the resilience or inertia of valve activity after a pulsing exposition to diverse levels of salinity(5,10,20,and 35 PSU as reference value).The trial simulated an event of drastic and sudden reduction of seawater salinity thus mimicking an event of flash flood from intense rain.Valve gaping and movements were measured in continuous cycle for 10 days using a customized magnetoelectric device which uses Hall sensors.Results showed that under normal conditions of salinity(35 PSU),the general pattern of valve movements was a continuously open state with sporadic spikes indicating a closing motion.At salinity of 5,PSU mussels reacted by closing their valves,leading to a 77%mortality on the 4th day.At salinity of 10,PSU animals were observed with closed valves for the entire duration of the exposure and no mortality occurred,they showed a significant reduction in the valve activity once the reference value of salinity was reestablished.In contrast,salinity of 20 PSU did not trigger a significant behavioral response.Interestingly,there no define rhythms of valve movements were recorded during salinity challenges.展开更多
Objective:To investigate plasmid DNA profiles and the antibiotic resistance of a total of 41 strains of Escherichia coli(E.coli)isolated from seawater and mussel collected from 15 different sampling stations in Sinop,...Objective:To investigate plasmid DNA profiles and the antibiotic resistance of a total of 41 strains of Escherichia coli(E.coli)isolated from seawater and mussel collected from 15 different sampling stations in Sinop,Turkey.Methods:Most probable number technique was used for detection of E.coli.Antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were determined by the disc diffusion method.Plasmid DNA of the strains was extracted by the alkaline lyses procedure.Results:According to morphological and physiological properties,it was determined that the isolates belonged to E.coli species.Antibiotic susceptibility of the strains was determined against seven standard drugs using disc diffusion method.All isolates were resistant to bacitracin(100%),novobiocin(100%),ampicillin(12.5%),tetracycline(7.5%),ceftazidime(5%)and imipenem(2.5%),respectively,whereas the strains were susceptible to polymyxin B(100%).The multiple antibiotic resistance values for the strains were found in range from 0.28 to 0.57.In addition,plasmid DNA analyses results confirmed that 22 strains harbored a single or more than two plasmids sized approximately between 24.500 to 1.618 bp.The high-size plasmid(14.700 bp)was observed as common in 21 of all strains.Conclusions:As a result,our study indicated that the presence of antibiotic resistant E.coli strains in seawater and mussel might be potential risk for public health issue.展开更多
基金Supported by the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41206105)the Key Deployment Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZZD-EW-14-03)
文摘Small heat shock proteins encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins, which play key roles in protecting organisms from various stressors. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of two small heat shock proteins （MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1） were cloned from Mytilus galloprovincialis, which encoded peptides of 181 and 247 amino acids, respectively. Both MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1 were detected in all tissues examined by real-time PCR, with the highest expression being observed in muscle and gonad tissues. The real-time PCR results revealed that Cd significantly inhibited MgsHSP22 expression at 24 h and MgsHSP24.1 at 24 and 48 h under 5 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure. MgsHSP24.1 expression was also significantly inhibited after 50 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure for 48 h. With regard to antioxidant enzymes, increased GPx and CAT activity were detected under Cd2＋ stress （5 and 50 ug/L）, while no significant difference in SOD activity was observed throughout the experiment. Overall, both MgsHsps and antioxidant enzymes revealed their potential as Cd stress biomarkers in M. galloprovincialis.
基金Supported by the China Scholarship Council and South Australian Research and Development Institute(SARDI)
文摘In this study, a programmable freezing technique has been developed for strip spawned sperm in the blue mussel, M ytilus galloprovincialis. The optimized key parameters include cooling rate, endpoint temperature, thawing temperature, sugar addition and sperm to oocyte ratio. The sperm quality was assessed by the fertilization rate or the integrity of sperm component and organelle. The highest post-thaw sperm fertilization rate was 91%, which was produced with sperm cryopreserved in 8% dimethyl sulfoxide at the cooling rate of-4°C/min from 2°C to-30°C before being plunged into liquid nitrogen for at least 12 h, thawed in a 20°C seawater bath and fertilized at sperm to egg ratio of 50 000:1. The addition of glucose, sucrose or trehalose to 8% dimethyl sulfoxide could not further improve fertilization rates. The fluorescent assessments showed that the post-thaw sperm plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly damaged in comparison with fresh sperm.
文摘Mussel samples from the Dakar coast (Senegal) were analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Microwave acid digestion was also employed for metals (Mn, Pb, Cd, As) determination. Dakar coast usually receives numerous domestic and industrial discharges without prior treatment. The contents of Arsenic were, in all cases, higher than other metals. However, the bivalve molluscs present themselves as effective bio-monitors when assessing marine aquatic pollution by contaminants in the Dakar coast. The ANOVA analysis allows concluding that significant differences were found between mussels from different sampling points. In all cases, the February samples have in all cases a higher content than those collected in October.
文摘Butyltin compounds (BTs) including tributyltin (TBT) and its degradation product (DBT) and concentrations of heavy metals (Sn, Cu and Zn) were determined in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from some West Algerian harbours. BTs were detected in all the mussels. Quanti?cation of BTs and heavy metals was carried respectively by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, flame AAS. Concentrations of total butyltin (BTs: DBT + TBT) in mussels ranged from 0.49 to 2438 ng/g wet wt. The concentrations (μg/g wet wt) of heavy metals ranged from 0.40 to 3.55 for Sn, 9.62 to 67.03 for Cu, and 87.13 to 731.51 for Zn. Total of tin in mussels ranged from 0.2 to 1054.78 ng/g. Higher concentrations of butyltin compounds were found in mussels collected from Mers El Kebir shipyard, Arzew, a petroleum harbour (industrial), and Beni Saf fishing harbour. This suggested that maritime activities nearby the harbours play a major role as the source of BTs. Indeed, harbour of Arzew is frequented by voluminous tanker. TBT was the predominant compound in mussels collected from almost all the sampling locations;indicate the fresh input of TBT in harbours.
基金This study is part of the project“Effects of climate environmental shifts on species,communities and ecosystems,”funded by the Fondazione di Sardegna(2018).
文摘Mussels close their shell as a protective strategy and the quantification of this behavioral marker may represent an alarm signal when they are exposed to environmental stressors.In the present study,we investigated the ability of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to recover and then the resilience or inertia of valve activity after a pulsing exposition to diverse levels of salinity(5,10,20,and 35 PSU as reference value).The trial simulated an event of drastic and sudden reduction of seawater salinity thus mimicking an event of flash flood from intense rain.Valve gaping and movements were measured in continuous cycle for 10 days using a customized magnetoelectric device which uses Hall sensors.Results showed that under normal conditions of salinity(35 PSU),the general pattern of valve movements was a continuously open state with sporadic spikes indicating a closing motion.At salinity of 5,PSU mussels reacted by closing their valves,leading to a 77%mortality on the 4th day.At salinity of 10,PSU animals were observed with closed valves for the entire duration of the exposure and no mortality occurred,they showed a significant reduction in the valve activity once the reference value of salinity was reestablished.In contrast,salinity of 20 PSU did not trigger a significant behavioral response.Interestingly,there no define rhythms of valve movements were recorded during salinity challenges.
文摘Objective:To investigate plasmid DNA profiles and the antibiotic resistance of a total of 41 strains of Escherichia coli(E.coli)isolated from seawater and mussel collected from 15 different sampling stations in Sinop,Turkey.Methods:Most probable number technique was used for detection of E.coli.Antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates were determined by the disc diffusion method.Plasmid DNA of the strains was extracted by the alkaline lyses procedure.Results:According to morphological and physiological properties,it was determined that the isolates belonged to E.coli species.Antibiotic susceptibility of the strains was determined against seven standard drugs using disc diffusion method.All isolates were resistant to bacitracin(100%),novobiocin(100%),ampicillin(12.5%),tetracycline(7.5%),ceftazidime(5%)and imipenem(2.5%),respectively,whereas the strains were susceptible to polymyxin B(100%).The multiple antibiotic resistance values for the strains were found in range from 0.28 to 0.57.In addition,plasmid DNA analyses results confirmed that 22 strains harbored a single or more than two plasmids sized approximately between 24.500 to 1.618 bp.The high-size plasmid(14.700 bp)was observed as common in 21 of all strains.Conclusions:As a result,our study indicated that the presence of antibiotic resistant E.coli strains in seawater and mussel might be potential risk for public health issue.
