Effects of the <i>Camellia oleifera </i>Shell Substrate on the Yield and Nutritional Composition of <i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i>

Pleurotus geesteranus was cultivated on the substrates blended with different ratios of treated and untreated Camellia oleifera shells using cottonseed hull as the control substrate. The mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition, ash and heavy metals of the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on these substrates were compared. The results suggest that the Camellia oleifera shell in substrate can accelerate the mycelial growth and increase the yield, nutrients and the contents of protein, ash, crude fiber and amino acid of Pleurotus geesteranus. It was found that the contents of tannin and saponin in Camellia oleifera shell affected the mycelial growth rate. The optimal C/N of the substrate for the growth of Pleurotus geesteranus was determined to be 27 ± 0.7. The C/N ratios higher than 30 reduced the protein, fat and soluble sugar contents of the cultivated Pleurotus geesteranus. The contents of heavy metals including Hg, As, Cd and Pb were found in Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on the substrates containing Camellia oleifera shell complex.

Effect of <i>Carya cathayensis Sarg</i>Shell Substrate on Yield and Nutrient Amount of <i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i>

Using cottonseed hull as the control substrate, different proportions of the untreated and treated Carya cathayensis Sarg shells were added to cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition and contents of heavy metals of the Pleurotus geesteranus cultivated on these substrates were determined. The results suggest that added to treated Carya cathayensis Sarg shell promoted the mycelial growth and increased the yield, biological efficiency and the contents of crude fiber, ash, amino acids and essential amino acids of Pleurotus geesteranus. In addition, the fat content and soluble sugar contents of Pleurotus geesteranus were decreased with the increase of the Carya cathayensis Sarg shell content in substrate, but their contents of heavy metals including mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were higher than that obtained on control substrate.

Effects of the <i>Castanea mollissima Blume</i>Shell Cultivation Substrate on the Yield and Nutritional Composition of <i>Pleurotus geesteranus</i>

Cottonseed hull substrates blended with different ratios of Castanea mollissima Blume shell were prepared and used for the cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus. The effects of the chestnut shell content on the mycelial growth rate, yield, nutritional composition and contents of heavy metals of the cultivated Pleurotus geesteranus were investigated. The results suggest that the Castanea mollissima Blume shell in substrate can increase the mycelial growth rate, yield, biological efficiency and the contents of protein, crude fiber, amino acids and essential amino acids of Pleurotus geesteranus. Further investigation suggests that the tannin and saponin in Castanea mollissima Blume shell and the C/N ratio of substrate significantly influence the mycelial growth rate. The crude fat content of Pleurotus geesteranus decreased, while the contents of heavy metals including mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) increased with the increase of the Castanea mollissima Blume shell content in substrate. Based on these results, the content of Castanea mollissima Blume shell was optimized to be less than 30% for the cultivation of Pleurotus geesteranus.

秀珍菇废菌糠中漆酶制剂的制备工艺

以秀珍菇(Pleurotus geesteranus)废菌糠为试验材料,采用浸提法提取漆酶,在单因素试验的基础上,结合正交试验利用喷雾干燥技术将获得的粗酶液制成酶制剂,研究漆酶提取及其酶制剂制备的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,最佳提取条件为磨料30 s,料液比1∶10(g∶mL),提取时间30 min,转速160 r/min,温度25℃。优化后喷雾干燥条件为进风温度95℃,热风流量3.5 m^3/min,进料速度20 mL/min。该工艺可为大规模利用秀珍菇废菌糠生产制备漆酶酶制剂提供参考。

秀珍菇富硒多糖的制备及体外抗氧化活性研究

经液体富硒发酵培养秀珍菇(Pleurotus geesteranus)硒菌丝体,以此为原料制备富硒多糖(SPMP),通过对羟基自由基、DPPH自由基、亚硝酸盐的清除作用及还原力的测定,研究SPMP的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,SPMP具有一定的清除羟基自由基、DPPH自由基、亚硝酸盐能力和较强的还原能力,且与多糖的浓度呈明显的量效关系,其清除效果和还原能力均比秀珍菇多糖(PMP)高。由此可见,SPMP具有一定的体外抗氧化活性。