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May Protein Be as the Genetic Information Carrier?
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作者 刘次全 黄京飞 王莹 《Zoological Research》 CAS CSCD 1993年第S1期128-139,152,共13页
The 'central dogma 'of molecular biology indicated that the direction of the genetic information flow is from DNA - RNA - protein. However, up to now, the central dogma has not obtained a sufficient theoretica... The 'central dogma 'of molecular biology indicated that the direction of the genetic information flow is from DNA - RNA - protein. However, up to now, the central dogma has not obtained a sufficient theoretical support from cybernetics and information theory. In addition, some special cases in biology, such as, although the scrapie prion is irreversibly inactivated by alkali, five procedures with more specificity for modifying nucleic acids failed to cause inactivation and when a resting cell is activated by some factors and division occurs, protein synthesis has begun before DNA synthesis etc., are also very difficult to explain clearly by the central dogma. A broad outline of a mechanism for reverse translation can easily be 'designed', based on the normal translation process, and this serves both to prove that there is no fundamental theoretical reason for the central dogma, and to illustrate why the redundancy of genetic code is not a problem.This paper, based on some previous research work of authors, from the view of cybernetics, information theory and theoretical biology, explored the possibility of protein as a genetic information carrier, the probable pairing ways between ammo acids-codons, and the direction of genetic information flows etc., at theory, by comparing and analyzing theoretically the characteristics of information carriers existing in DNA and protein. The authors inferred that perhaps protein may join the informational transferring as a genetic information carrier; the direction of genetic information flows, besides the way described by the central dogma, seem also to have another type, that is, genetic information flowing from protein - DNA (RNA) - protein, which also includes the genetic information flow in the central dogma. Undoubtedly, the research on problems about the position and roles of protein during the genetic information transferring will have an important effect on the investigation and development of molecular biology, molecular genetics and gene engineering. 展开更多
关键词 genetic information flows Central dogma information carrier information transfer
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Investigations and thoughts of the ethics in genetic discrimination 被引量:1
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作者 DUAN Guoli ZHAI Xiao +3 位作者 HE Qianyun LI Junqiang LIU Jie ZHANG Yan 《Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China)》 CAS 2013年第1期46-53,共8页
A questionnaire research in ethics was conducted to get the view of students of medical universities in Shanghai on genomics and genetic discrimination. We find that 66% respondents indicated their willingness to unde... A questionnaire research in ethics was conducted to get the view of students of medical universities in Shanghai on genomics and genetic discrimination. We find that 66% respondents indicated their willingness to understand the genetic information and 79% of respondents mind their own genetic information be aware of by other people. In contrast, 77% of the respondents believe that medical organization are not able to protect personal genetic information from disclose. Hence, it is significant to take some measures to preserve citizen's genetic information privacy. Depending on our results, we put forward our suggestion to this problem. 展开更多
关键词 Genomics epoch ETHICS genetic information genetic discrimination QUESTIONNAIRE
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Solution to the Mind-Body Relation Problem: Information 被引量:3
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作者 Florin Gaiseanu 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2021年第1期42-55,共14页
In this paper it is analyzed from the informational perspective the relation between mind and body, an ancientphilosophic issue defined as a problem, which still did not receive up to date an adequate solution. Byintr... In this paper it is analyzed from the informational perspective the relation between mind and body, an ancientphilosophic issue defined as a problem, which still did not receive up to date an adequate solution. Byintroducing/using the concept of information, it is shown that this concept includes two facets, one of themreferring to the common communications and another one referring to a hidden/structuring matter-relatedinformation, effectively acting in the human body and in the living systems, which determines the dynamicinter-change of information between specific structures of the organism by electric/electronic/chemical agents andgenetic/epigenetic processes. It is shown that the maintenance of body, permanently and obligatory depending onthe external matter (foods, air, water) resources, needed to provide both the structuring/restructuring basic materialand energy, determines the necessary existence of an info-managing system, administrating the internalmechano-chemical/physical processes. As a natural consequence, such a system should organize and assure ownsurvival by an effective informational operability to detect the external food resources, to select the appropriateinterest information and to decide as a function of circumstances. One important component in such aninformational system is memory, allowing to dispose of the reference informational data for analysis/comparisonand the selection between good and bad binary possible decisions. The memory receives and stores thereforesignals from external reality and from the body itself, referring to the emotional reaction, digestion status, creation,and inherited predilections, within specific info-neural communication circuits between the brain and bodyexecution/sensitive organs, the human body appearing as an integrated info-matter self-managed dynamic system.The specific body components memorize information with different degrees of info-integration: short/long-termintegration, emotive/action reaction, info-abilities, culminating with the integration in the chromosomal structuresby epigenetic processes. The new acquired information is transgenerationally transmissible, and is manifested asnew traits, showing the adaptation capability of the human and close relation between mind and body. Analyzingthe results of such a mind-body informational model in comparison with the earlier assumed/proposed/assertedarchaic, Greek and Occidental philosophies, which represent only partial aspects of this relation, it is shown thatthis informational model, elaborated in terms of information on the basis of scientific reasons and arguments,constitutes a general, realist, and coherent model of the mind-body relation, able to integrate and/or explain most ofthe others. 展开更多
关键词 mind-body relation philosophic concepts information/informational systems info-operability and memory hidden/structuring information genetic/epigenetic information
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Genetic evaluation and testing for hereditary forms of cancer in the era of next-generation sequencing 被引量:1
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作者 Christine Stanislaw Yuan Xue William R.Wilcox 《Cancer Biology & Medicine》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第1期55-67,共13页
The introduction of next-generation sequencing(NGS) technology in testing for hereditary cancer susceptibility allows testing of multiple cancer susceptibility genes simultaneously. While there are many potential bene... The introduction of next-generation sequencing(NGS) technology in testing for hereditary cancer susceptibility allows testing of multiple cancer susceptibility genes simultaneously. While there are many potential benefits to utilizing this technology in the hereditary cancer clinic, including efficiency of time and cost, there are also important limitations that must be considered. The best panel for the given clinical situation should be selected to minimize the number of variants of unknown significance. The inclusion in panels of low penetrance or newly identified genes without specific actionability can be problematic for interpretation.Genetic counselors are an essential part of the hereditary cancer risk assessment team, helping the medical team select the most appropriate test and interpret the often complex results. Genetic counselors obtain an extended family history, counsel patients on the available tests and the potential implications of results for themselves and their family members(pre-test counseling), explain to patients the implications of the test results(post-test counseling), and assist in testing family members at risk. 展开更多
关键词 genetic counseling genetic testing informed consent high-throughput nucleotide sequencing neoplastic syndromes HEREDITARY
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Using Individual, ApoE Genotype-Based Dietary and Physical Activity Advice to Promote Healthy Lifestyles in Finland—Impacts on Cardiovascular Risk Markers
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作者 Hanna-Leena Hietaranta-Luoma Kari Akerman +2 位作者 Raija Tahvonen Hannu Puolijoki Anu Hopia 《Open Journal of Preventive Medicine》 2015年第5期206-217,共12页
Aim: There is increasing demand for individualized health advice. The aim of this study was to assess the effects on cardiovascular risk markers of receiving personal genetic health information, using apoE genotypes a... Aim: There is increasing demand for individualized health advice. The aim of this study was to assess the effects on cardiovascular risk markers of receiving personal genetic health information, using apoE genotypes as a tool for promoting lifestyle changes. ApoE was chosen because it had a significant impact on lipid metabolism and cholesterol absorption, all factors for CVD. Methods: This study was a one-year explanatory intervention study for healthy adults, aged between 20 - 67 years old (n = 106). Their clinical markers (serum lipids, blood glucose, blood pressure, Body Mass Index, body fat percentage and waist circumference) were measured three times during the intervention. The clinical effects were assessed for three groups: a high risk group (ε 4+, n = 16);a low-risk group (&#949?4-, n = 35);and a control group (n = 55). Results: The triglyceride values and waist circumference lowered more in &#949?4+ compared with the control group (p < 0.05;alpha value 0.005) during the intervention. Conclusion: The personal genetic information, based on apoE, may have positive effects on cardiovascular risk markers (e.g., improvement in triglyceride values). The individual health information, based on genotyping could be a potential option in the prevention of CVD. More research is required on how to utilize genotype-based health information in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. 展开更多
关键词 genetic information APOE INTERVENTION Healthy Lifestyle Cardiovascular Risk Markers
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基于改进的IFM-NSGAⅢ模型的武汉市土地利用优化配置 被引量:2
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作者 周玲慧 王海军 曾浩然 《测绘地理信息》 CSCD 2023年第5期104-110,共7页
提出改进的信息反馈模型-第三代非支配排序遗传算法(information feedback model-non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅢ,IFM-NSGAⅢ),并将其用于土地利用优化:在NSGAⅢ基础上耦合IFM以实现多个目标的平衡。以武汉市为研究区,制定... 提出改进的信息反馈模型-第三代非支配排序遗传算法(information feedback model-non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅢ,IFM-NSGAⅢ),并将其用于土地利用优化:在NSGAⅢ基础上耦合IFM以实现多个目标的平衡。以武汉市为研究区,制定经济效益、生态效益、转换成本、不相容性、紧凑性共5个优化目标,检验模型的适用性。结果表明,模型能够生成多样化的土地利用模式满足不同发展需求,在生态效益优先的模式1中,与现状相比,其生态效益和经济效益分别提升了0.10%和6.24%。 展开更多
关键词 土地利用 多目标优化 信息反馈模型-第三代非支配排序遗传算法(information feedback model-non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅢ IFM-NSGAⅢ) 武汉市
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