The aim is to analyse the situation of Brazilian creative workers in the gig economy during the COVID-19 pandemic.The main argument indicates that,despite the opportunities for entrepreneurship brought by gig economy ...The aim is to analyse the situation of Brazilian creative workers in the gig economy during the COVID-19 pandemic.The main argument indicates that,despite the opportunities for entrepreneurship brought by gig economy during the COVID-19 pandemic,Brazilian creative workers may be open to exploitation and lower wages and show lower levels of satisfaction compared to the creative activities they used to have before the pandemic.The workers became even more exposed to the lack of long-standing protections-such as a minimum wage,safety and health regulation,retirement income,health insurance,and worker compensation-and risks that were previously shouldered by employers and the state,including responsibility for bodily injury,damage to tools and assets,coverage between paid gigs,financial malfeasance by customers,and harassment.展开更多
Due to the new flexible employment mode of the gig economy,many workers in the gig economy cannot be classified according to the traditional dualistic division of labor relations and non-labor relations,and their righ...Due to the new flexible employment mode of the gig economy,many workers in the gig economy cannot be classified according to the traditional dualistic division of labor relations and non-labor relations,and their rights are basically under no protection.As human beings making a living through their labor,the workers in the gig economy should be entitled to basic human rights,among which the most directly related is social rights.The concept and theoretical framework of"independent workers"put forward by American scholars is more conducive to the protection of their social rights.This theory not only has the legal basis of international law,but also conforms to the legislative purpose of striking a balance between the protection of workers and the sustainable development of the gig economy.It is also practical.Based on this theory,China’s national conditions,and the core conventions of the International Labour Organization,we propose a new way to protect"the third kind of workers"in the gig economy.展开更多
The rapid ascent of digital platforms and the gig economy has prompted concerns about the gender pay gap.The results show that in the gig economy,gender continues to be a crucial determinant of workers'earnings,wi...The rapid ascent of digital platforms and the gig economy has prompted concerns about the gender pay gap.The results show that in the gig economy,gender continues to be a crucial determinant of workers'earnings,with women earning 85%of what men earn on a monthly basis.Nevertheless,in comparison to the traditional waged employment during the same period,the gender pay gap in the gig economy has narrowed.While some gig jobs(e.g.,ride-hailing services,delivery services,online education)exhibit certain occupational segregation,women in gig economy work are no longer concentrated in low-paying roles,thereby challenging the occupational crowding hypothesis prevalent in traditional employment.In the gig economy,the vast majority of the gender pay gaps arise from factors within occupations,and occupational segregation only has a very limited impact on the earnings gap.Additionally,the gender pay gap among platform gig workers can be mostly explained by observable factors,which implies that compared to traditional employment,the gig economy exhibits a lower level of implicit gender discrimination in China.Finally,we investigate new factors that determine the gender pay gap in the gig economy.Women exhibit a stronger aversion to algorithmic control,a preference for job flexibility,and a tendency toward more isolated and less socially interactive work environmentsall of which serve to widen the gender pay gap that might have otherwise narrowed.The results of this research suggest that despite the criticisms surrounding the gig economy,it continues to exert a positive influence on China's labor market。展开更多
Labor shortages caused by an aging population and falling fertility present an obstacle to China’s modernization drive.Since the limited labor resources take time to increase,employee-sharing as a collaborative and i...Labor shortages caused by an aging population and falling fertility present an obstacle to China’s modernization drive.Since the limited labor resources take time to increase,employee-sharing as a collaborative and innovative mode of employment represents a novel strategy for addressing the sharp declines in the working-age population and labor supply.Based on the theories of the sharing economy,gig economy,and skills economy,this paper develops a systematic framework for employee-sharing and explains its significance for the country,employers,and individuals in light of flexible employment and employee-sharing practices.At the national level,we advocate transforming the identity of employees from“corporate assets”to“social assets”,their labor relationship from“dependence on employers”to“independent social members”,and their teams from“corporate governance”to“labor union governance”.At the corporate level,we recommend that businesses streamline fixed-term workforce and transform themselves into platform-connected social entities.At the individual level,we establish a basic framework for employee-sharing to expand employee income sources and improve the social protection system,and elaborate on its significance for the country,employers,and individuals.The employee-sharing mechanism can be adopted step by step by resolving issues such as employee labor contract termination and management of shared employees.This gradualist strategy seeks to create a mode of employee-sharing that is feasible and in line with current trends for the benefit of the country,employers,and employees,and to contribute a Chinese solution and perspective to the global question of labor recruitment.展开更多
This study aims to quantitatively explore the multifaceted determinants that influence earnings in the translation industry.Using a dataset comprising 45000 translator profiles,the study focusses on delineating dispar...This study aims to quantitatively explore the multifaceted determinants that influence earnings in the translation industry.Using a dataset comprising 45000 translator profiles,the study focusses on delineating disparities correlated with demographic variables such as age,gender,home country wealth,and language pairs.The study uses a random forest regression model to delineate the complex interaction between gender,the economic standing of a translator’s domicile country,age,and linguistic proficiency,as they relate to earnings.Our findings substantiate and,in many ways,extend existing qualitative and anecdotal evidence that has shaped the discourse in this sector.The rigorous empirical framework employed here can be replicated or adapted to study other sectors within the gig economy,thus contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of labour dynamics in the digital age.展开更多
文摘The aim is to analyse the situation of Brazilian creative workers in the gig economy during the COVID-19 pandemic.The main argument indicates that,despite the opportunities for entrepreneurship brought by gig economy during the COVID-19 pandemic,Brazilian creative workers may be open to exploitation and lower wages and show lower levels of satisfaction compared to the creative activities they used to have before the pandemic.The workers became even more exposed to the lack of long-standing protections-such as a minimum wage,safety and health regulation,retirement income,health insurance,and worker compensation-and risks that were previously shouldered by employers and the state,including responsibility for bodily injury,damage to tools and assets,coverage between paid gigs,financial malfeasance by customers,and harassment.
基金a phased outcome of the project under the Research Fund of Renmin University of China(Project No 20XNQ009)
文摘Due to the new flexible employment mode of the gig economy,many workers in the gig economy cannot be classified according to the traditional dualistic division of labor relations and non-labor relations,and their rights are basically under no protection.As human beings making a living through their labor,the workers in the gig economy should be entitled to basic human rights,among which the most directly related is social rights.The concept and theoretical framework of"independent workers"put forward by American scholars is more conducive to the protection of their social rights.This theory not only has the legal basis of international law,but also conforms to the legislative purpose of striking a balance between the protection of workers and the sustainable development of the gig economy.It is also practical.Based on this theory,China’s national conditions,and the core conventions of the International Labour Organization,we propose a new way to protect"the third kind of workers"in the gig economy.
文摘The rapid ascent of digital platforms and the gig economy has prompted concerns about the gender pay gap.The results show that in the gig economy,gender continues to be a crucial determinant of workers'earnings,with women earning 85%of what men earn on a monthly basis.Nevertheless,in comparison to the traditional waged employment during the same period,the gender pay gap in the gig economy has narrowed.While some gig jobs(e.g.,ride-hailing services,delivery services,online education)exhibit certain occupational segregation,women in gig economy work are no longer concentrated in low-paying roles,thereby challenging the occupational crowding hypothesis prevalent in traditional employment.In the gig economy,the vast majority of the gender pay gaps arise from factors within occupations,and occupational segregation only has a very limited impact on the earnings gap.Additionally,the gender pay gap among platform gig workers can be mostly explained by observable factors,which implies that compared to traditional employment,the gig economy exhibits a lower level of implicit gender discrimination in China.Finally,we investigate new factors that determine the gender pay gap in the gig economy.Women exhibit a stronger aversion to algorithmic control,a preference for job flexibility,and a tendency toward more isolated and less socially interactive work environmentsall of which serve to widen the gender pay gap that might have otherwise narrowed.The results of this research suggest that despite the criticisms surrounding the gig economy,it continues to exert a positive influence on China's labor market。
基金sponsored by the research project conducted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS)on behalf of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions(ACFTU)under the subject of“Study on the Innovation,Entrepreneurship and Development of Chinese Industrial Workers in the New Era”.
文摘Labor shortages caused by an aging population and falling fertility present an obstacle to China’s modernization drive.Since the limited labor resources take time to increase,employee-sharing as a collaborative and innovative mode of employment represents a novel strategy for addressing the sharp declines in the working-age population and labor supply.Based on the theories of the sharing economy,gig economy,and skills economy,this paper develops a systematic framework for employee-sharing and explains its significance for the country,employers,and individuals in light of flexible employment and employee-sharing practices.At the national level,we advocate transforming the identity of employees from“corporate assets”to“social assets”,their labor relationship from“dependence on employers”to“independent social members”,and their teams from“corporate governance”to“labor union governance”.At the corporate level,we recommend that businesses streamline fixed-term workforce and transform themselves into platform-connected social entities.At the individual level,we establish a basic framework for employee-sharing to expand employee income sources and improve the social protection system,and elaborate on its significance for the country,employers,and individuals.The employee-sharing mechanism can be adopted step by step by resolving issues such as employee labor contract termination and management of shared employees.This gradualist strategy seeks to create a mode of employee-sharing that is feasible and in line with current trends for the benefit of the country,employers,and employees,and to contribute a Chinese solution and perspective to the global question of labor recruitment.
文摘This study aims to quantitatively explore the multifaceted determinants that influence earnings in the translation industry.Using a dataset comprising 45000 translator profiles,the study focusses on delineating disparities correlated with demographic variables such as age,gender,home country wealth,and language pairs.The study uses a random forest regression model to delineate the complex interaction between gender,the economic standing of a translator’s domicile country,age,and linguistic proficiency,as they relate to earnings.Our findings substantiate and,in many ways,extend existing qualitative and anecdotal evidence that has shaped the discourse in this sector.The rigorous empirical framework employed here can be replicated or adapted to study other sectors within the gig economy,thus contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of labour dynamics in the digital age.