Three materials(agar,konjac glucomannan(KGM)andκ-carrageenan)were used to prepare ternary systems,i.e.,sol-gels and their dried composites conditioned at varied relative humidity(RH)(33%,54%and 75%).Combined methods,...Three materials(agar,konjac glucomannan(KGM)andκ-carrageenan)were used to prepare ternary systems,i.e.,sol-gels and their dried composites conditioned at varied relative humidity(RH)(33%,54%and 75%).Combined methods,e.g.,scanning electron microscopy,small-angle X-ray scattering,infrared spectroscopy(IR)and X-ray diffraction(XRD),were used to disclose howκ-carrageenan addition tailors the features of agar/KGM/κ-carrageenan ternary system.As affirmed by IR and XRD,the ternary systems withκ-carrageenan below 25%(agar/KGM/carrageenan,50:25:25,m/m)displayed proper component interactions,which increased the sol-gel transition temperature and the hardness of obtained gels.For instance,the ternary composites could show hardness about 3 to 4 times higher than that for binary counterpart.These gels were dehydrated to acquire ternary composites.Compared to agar/KGM composite,the ternary composites showed fewer crystallites and nanoscale orders,and newly-formed nanoscale structures from chain assembly.Such multi-scale structures,for composites withκ-carrageenan below 25%,showed weaker changes with RH,as revealed by especially morphologic and crystalline features.Consequently,the ternary composites with lessκ-carrageenan(below 25%)exhibited stabilized elongation at break and hydrophilicity at different RHs.This hints to us that agar/KGM/κ-carrageenan composite systems can display series applications with improved features,e.g.,increased sol-gel transition point.展开更多
The stability against various environmental stresses of the curcumin-loaded secondary and tertiary emulsions that was emulsified by whey protein isolate(WPI)and coated by chitosan(CHI),carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan...The stability against various environmental stresses of the curcumin-loaded secondary and tertiary emulsions that was emulsified by whey protein isolate(WPI)and coated by chitosan(CHI),carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan(CMKGM),or their combination through layer-by-layer assembly was investigated.Generally,the multilayered emulsions were destabilized in high Na Cl concentrations or medium p H that could interrupt the electrostatic interaction between the three polyelectrolytes or deprotonate CHI,indicating that electrostatic interaction played an important role in the stability of emulsions.Compared with the primary emulsion that was solely stabilized by WPI,extra coating with CHI and CMKGM generally increased the stability of the emulsion against repeated freezing-thawing,improved the retention of curcumin against heating,UV irradiation,and long-term storage,and the effects were more remarkable in the tertiary emulsion with CMKGM locating in the outmost layer.Since CMKGM has shown the colon-targeted delivery potency,the multilayered emulsions assembled by layer-by-layer deposition,especially the tertiary emulsion,could be used as an effective carrier for the targeted delivery of curcumin.展开更多
为改善乳清分离蛋白凝胶性能并提高其营养特性,将氧化魔芋葡甘露聚糖(oxidized konjac glucomannan,OKGM)与乳清分离蛋白(whey protein isolate,WPI)混合制备复合凝胶,研究OKGM添加量(1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%)对WPI凝胶的持水性、质构...为改善乳清分离蛋白凝胶性能并提高其营养特性,将氧化魔芋葡甘露聚糖(oxidized konjac glucomannan,OKGM)与乳清分离蛋白(whey protein isolate,WPI)混合制备复合凝胶,研究OKGM添加量(1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%)对WPI凝胶的持水性、质构、流变特性、热稳定性的影响,并对复合凝胶的形成机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,OKGM的添加使复合凝胶的持水性(65.59%~93.42%)显著高于纯蛋白凝胶(53.58%);质构分析发现OKGM添加量为2%时凝胶的硬度、胶着性、咀嚼性达到最大值;流变分析发现复合凝胶是弱凝胶,对高频率和高温具有更高的依赖性;热重分析表明OKGM添加量≤1.5%时,OKGM-WPI复合凝胶的热稳定性均高于纯乳清分离蛋白凝胶;表面疏水性和游离巯基分析发现OKGM的添加降低了表面疏水性和游离巯基含量,说明OKGM与WPI发生交联和聚集形成复合凝胶;扫描电镜观察发现复合凝胶结构更为致密、有序。综上,可以通过添加OKGM改善WPI凝胶性能及稳定性。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172240)BL19U2 beamline of National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai(NFPS)at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility,for their assistance during data collection。
文摘Three materials(agar,konjac glucomannan(KGM)andκ-carrageenan)were used to prepare ternary systems,i.e.,sol-gels and their dried composites conditioned at varied relative humidity(RH)(33%,54%and 75%).Combined methods,e.g.,scanning electron microscopy,small-angle X-ray scattering,infrared spectroscopy(IR)and X-ray diffraction(XRD),were used to disclose howκ-carrageenan addition tailors the features of agar/KGM/κ-carrageenan ternary system.As affirmed by IR and XRD,the ternary systems withκ-carrageenan below 25%(agar/KGM/carrageenan,50:25:25,m/m)displayed proper component interactions,which increased the sol-gel transition temperature and the hardness of obtained gels.For instance,the ternary composites could show hardness about 3 to 4 times higher than that for binary counterpart.These gels were dehydrated to acquire ternary composites.Compared to agar/KGM composite,the ternary composites showed fewer crystallites and nanoscale orders,and newly-formed nanoscale structures from chain assembly.Such multi-scale structures,for composites withκ-carrageenan below 25%,showed weaker changes with RH,as revealed by especially morphologic and crystalline features.Consequently,the ternary composites with lessκ-carrageenan(below 25%)exhibited stabilized elongation at break and hydrophilicity at different RHs.This hints to us that agar/KGM/κ-carrageenan composite systems can display series applications with improved features,e.g.,increased sol-gel transition point.
基金financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2015CM037)the National Science Foundation of China(31571890)。
文摘The stability against various environmental stresses of the curcumin-loaded secondary and tertiary emulsions that was emulsified by whey protein isolate(WPI)and coated by chitosan(CHI),carboxymethyl konjac glucomannan(CMKGM),or their combination through layer-by-layer assembly was investigated.Generally,the multilayered emulsions were destabilized in high Na Cl concentrations or medium p H that could interrupt the electrostatic interaction between the three polyelectrolytes or deprotonate CHI,indicating that electrostatic interaction played an important role in the stability of emulsions.Compared with the primary emulsion that was solely stabilized by WPI,extra coating with CHI and CMKGM generally increased the stability of the emulsion against repeated freezing-thawing,improved the retention of curcumin against heating,UV irradiation,and long-term storage,and the effects were more remarkable in the tertiary emulsion with CMKGM locating in the outmost layer.Since CMKGM has shown the colon-targeted delivery potency,the multilayered emulsions assembled by layer-by-layer deposition,especially the tertiary emulsion,could be used as an effective carrier for the targeted delivery of curcumin.
文摘为改善乳清分离蛋白凝胶性能并提高其营养特性,将氧化魔芋葡甘露聚糖(oxidized konjac glucomannan,OKGM)与乳清分离蛋白(whey protein isolate,WPI)混合制备复合凝胶,研究OKGM添加量(1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%)对WPI凝胶的持水性、质构、流变特性、热稳定性的影响,并对复合凝胶的形成机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,OKGM的添加使复合凝胶的持水性(65.59%~93.42%)显著高于纯蛋白凝胶(53.58%);质构分析发现OKGM添加量为2%时凝胶的硬度、胶着性、咀嚼性达到最大值;流变分析发现复合凝胶是弱凝胶,对高频率和高温具有更高的依赖性;热重分析表明OKGM添加量≤1.5%时,OKGM-WPI复合凝胶的热稳定性均高于纯乳清分离蛋白凝胶;表面疏水性和游离巯基分析发现OKGM的添加降低了表面疏水性和游离巯基含量,说明OKGM与WPI发生交联和聚集形成复合凝胶;扫描电镜观察发现复合凝胶结构更为致密、有序。综上,可以通过添加OKGM改善WPI凝胶性能及稳定性。
