A Complete Technique in Improving Quality and Production Efficiency of Juglans regia in Gongshan Derung and Nu Autonomous County

We applied water releasing from rootstocks technique and Juglans sigillata in Yangbi was pruned in the shape of opened-heart or round-heart shape. By bal- anced fertilization, survival rate of grafted walnuts can be improved. We reviewed technologies to enhance walnut quality and production efficiency in Gongshan Derung and Nu Autonomous County for reference.

Improving the efficiency of transport systems using simulation

The article describes the possibilities of application of simulation modeling for the analysis of infrastructure and technology of transport services of enterprises. The main technological and possible economic effects for the enterprises arising at performance of modeling of a transport component of their work are resulted.

Respecting Each Other and Being Loyal to ZTE Career Providing Refined Service and Focusing on Customers' Requirements Working Hard to Create Famous ZTE Brand Improving ZTE Efficiency with Scientific Management

ZTE Corporation is China’s largest listedtelecommunications equipment provider spe-cialized in offering a full range of tailor-madesolutions for customers in high-,middle-andlow-end markets.

Enhancement of Cathode Dust Collection and its Application in Improving the Efficiency of Dry Electrostatic Precipitator

As the main equipment of flue gas dedusting in coal fired boiler,electrostatic precipitator(ESP)can meet the requirements of emission standard for air pollutants from coal-fired power plants through improving the efficiency of ESP and combining with desulfurization system while not installing wet ESP(WESP).This paper introduces the modifications of ESP cathode structure to improve the efficiency of dust collection by reducing the secondary dust loss at cathode.The application of cathode dust collection provides a reference for the improvement of ESP dust collection efficiency.

Artificial-intelligent-powered safety and efficiency improvement for controlling and scheduling in integrated railway systems

The multi-mode integrated railway system,anchored by the high-speed railway,caters to the diverse travel requirements both within and between cities,offering safe,comfortable,punctual,and eco-friendly transportation services.With the expansion of the railway networks,enhancing the efficiency and safety of the comprehensive system has become a crucial issue in the advanced development of railway transportation.In light of the prevailing application of artificial intelligence technologies within railway systems,this study leverages large model technology characterized by robust learning capabilities,efficient associative abilities,and linkage analysis to propose an Artificial-intelligent(AI)-powered railway control and dispatching system.This system is elaborately designed with four core functions,including global optimum unattended dispatching,synergetic transportation in multiple modes,high-speed automatic control,and precise maintenance decision and execution.The deployment pathway and essential tasks of the system are further delineated,alongside the challenges and obstacles encountered.The AI-powered system promises a significant enhancement in the operational efficiency and safety of the composite railway system,ensuring a more effective alignment between transportation services and passenger demands.

Design and application of electric oil pump in automatic transmission for efficiency improvement and start–stop function

For the purpose of improving efficiency and realizing start–stop function, an electric oil pump(EOP) is integrated into an 8-speed automatic transmission(AT). A mathematical model is built to calculate the transmission power loss and the hydraulic system leakage. Based on this model, a flow-based control strategy is developed for EOP to satisfy the system flow requirement. This control strategy is verified through the forward driving simulation. The results indicate that there is a best combination for the size of mechanical oil pump(MOP) and EOP in terms of minimum energy consumption. In order to get a quick and smooth starting process, control strategies of the EOP and the on-coming clutch are proposed. The test environment on a prototype vehicle is built to verify the feasibility of the integrated EOP and its control strategies. The results show that the selected EOP can satisfy the flow requirement and a quick and smooth starting performance is achieved in the start–stop function. This research has a high value for the forward design of EOP in automatic transmissions with respect to efficiency improvement and start–stop function.

Efficiency Improvement of PEM Fuel Cells via Humidity Control

PEM （Proton Exchange Membrane） fuel cell is a promising renewable energy source to a wide range of applications for its clean products and high power density. However, controlling its humidity is a challenging problem due to the interdependence of several phenomena contributing in membrane＇s water content. This work deals with efficiency improvement of PEM fuel cells via humidity control. An innovative strategy of control based on the model of Ref. [1] is proposed. It consists on regulating gas humidification rates according to the power demand so that to minimize power losses. The proposed control takes into consideration constraints related to humidification in order to avoid dry out or flooding of the membrane. Simulations results show that time-phasing between hydrogen and oxygen humidification rates plays an important role in minimizing power losses. The proposed control shows significant improvement in the fuel cell＇s efficiency up to 20%.

High⁃Efficiency Two⁃Port Encapsulated Low⁃Contrast Grating with Suppressed Zeroth Order under Normal Incidence

A two⁃port encapsulated low⁃contrast grating with suppressed zeroth order under normal incidence is described in this paper.Based on such grating configuration,the improved efficiency and spectral bandwidth of the first order for TE and TM polarizations with a designed period of 1860 nm can be obtained.On the one hand,some of the accurate grating parameters were numerically optimized utilizing a rigorous coupled⁃wave analysis;on the other hand,the inherent physical mechanism suppressing the zeroth order through an encapsulated fused⁃silica grating was adequately interpreted on account of a simplified modal method.Encapsulated grating with a cover layer cannot be simply considered as adding a coating on it.Compared with reported surface⁃relief grating,all parameters of encapsulated grating should be re⁃optimized and the optimized performances of encapsulated grating were greatly improved.Therefore,the encapsulated grating can be potentially applied in writing fiber Bragg gratings.

Tomato Green Cultivation Technology of Reducing Fertilizer and Pesticide Input and Increasing Fertilizer Efficiency

According to the technical approach of green production and yield increase pattern,green,pollution-free,quality and efficiency improvement can be achieved by reducing nitrogen,controlling phosphorus and stabilizing potassium,replenishing sulfur,zinc,iron,manganese and boron from the aspects of controlling fertilizer,drug and water.The main measures include combination use of organic and inorganic fertilizer,effective control of the amount of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer,reduction of the application amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,and rational crop rotation to reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests,which can improve the yield and quality of tomato.

Efficiency Improvement of PV Generation System by Using Improved P ＆ O Method of MPPT

The conventional P ＆ O （perturb-and-observe） method, which is the most widely used as MPPT （maximum power point tracking） control, has the problem of low efficiency and unstable operation when solar radiation changes drastically. Aiming at this problem, this paper improves the conventional P ＆ O method to reduce the bad effect of solar radiation by shortening the sampling interval of PV module＇s output power while keeping the operating period unchanged. Experiments are conducted to study efficiency gains of improved method when solar radiation changes drastically. The result shows that, by this method, the efficiency of MPPT control can be increased 17% in average when PV module simulator is used and 20% at maximum when actual PV module is used, compared with the conventional P ＆ O method.

A Review of Artificial Waterfalls in Gardens

When artificial waterfalls are built in gardens,leaves from trees or vegetation often fall into the water storage pool and block the pipelines,requiring regular cleaning of pipelines.This not only increases the manpower needed for maintenance but also disrupts the use of the waterfalls.Therefore,it is necessary to design a new type of artificial waterfall that is suitable for gardens.The waterfall should incorporate features that make cleaning easier,including filter plates and water funnels to prevent clogging caused by fallen leaves and debris.

Empowerment of Precise Ideological and Political Education in Higher Education with Educational Digitalization

The study explores how educational digitalization enables the precise development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.Digital transformation enables colleges and universities to accurately define educational objectives,content strategies,effect evaluation,and process management,and realize the precision and intelligence of ideological and political education.The application of big data technology enhances the data-oriented thinking of teachers and students,promotes the accurate application of data,and improves the efficiency of ideological and political education.The research also prospected a new vision of the digital construction of ideological and political courses and clarified the theoretical and practical path of the implementation and evaluation mode of ideological and political courses under digital empowerment.Education digitalization enables precise ideological and political education,which is a key way to promote the innovative development of ideological and political education in colleges and universities and will strongly support the improvement of the overall quality of higher education and the training of excellent talents.

Research on the Construction of Group Elderly Care Service Platform Based on IoT Technology

Internet of Things(IoT)technology is widely used in various fields,and its application in elderly care services has been highlighted in recent years.This study aims to explore how IoT technology can improve the efficiency of group-based elderly care services.The concept,characteristics,and current application status of IoT technology in elderly care services were introduced.Secondly,the characteristics and needs of group elderly care services were analyzed,including advantages and challenges,as well as the expectations and needs of the elderly for elderly care services.The evaluation methods and future development directions of IoT technology in improving the efficiency of group elderly care services were discussed,including data collection and analysis methods,selection and measurement of efficiency evaluation indicators,challenges,and development directions.

Major strategies for improving the performance of perovskite solar cells

Metal halide perovskite solar cell(PSC)has successfully distinguished itself in optoelectronic field by virtue of the sharp rise in power conversion efficiency over the past decade.The remarkable efficiency breakthrough at such a fast speed can be mainly attributed to the comprehensive study on film deposition techniques,especially the effective management of surface and interfacial defects in recent works.Herein,we summarized the current trends in performance enhancement for PSCs,with a focus on the generally applicable strategies in high-performance works,involving deposition methods,compositional engineering,additive engineering,crystallization manipulation,charge transport material selection,interfacial passivation,optical coupling effect and constructing tandem solar cells.Promising directions and perspectives are also provided.

How Does Online Fundraising Platform Promote Public Donation in China？-An Empirical Analysis From Tencent Fundraising Platform

At present, the huge problem that China’s Non-profit Organizations are facing is the low efficiency of public fundraising. However, the newly appeared Online Fundraising Platform indicates some possibilities in overcoming the obstacle for public fundraising. Among which Tencent Online Fundraising Platform becomes the typical and the point cut of exploring Online Fundraising Platform Improving Efficiency Mechanism of public donation. Online Fundraising Platform is similar to the online United Way, relying on the advantages of the Internet and the united fundraising to build a ecosystem of public donation which has professional fundraising system, good charity atmosphere, excellent policy environment and crossover cooperation resources. And in which, many factors get improved in pubic donation influence factors system. For one thing, Charity atmosphere and policy environment can be shaped better. For another, the charities can transmit fundraising information in inexpensive and high-efficiency way, and must ensure the transparency of project and donation. Finally, it will be more convenient for donors to get charitable information, make donations and supervise the nonprofit organizations.

Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice through Enhancing Root Nitrate Uptake Mediated by a Nitrate Transporter, NRT1.1B

Nitrogen （N） is one of most important nutrients for crop production, which makes up 1%-5% of total plant dry matter （Marschner, 2012）. Due to the limited availability of N in soil, application of N fertilizers has been an important agronomic practice to increase crop yield. However, over-application of N fertilizers has caused pollution of N in soil, water and air. It was estimated that the nitrogen use efficiency （NUE, the total biomass or grain yield produced per unit of applied fertilizer N） in cereal crops is as low as 33% （Raun and Johnson, 1999）. Therefore, improving NUE together with reducing application of N fertilizers is an important issue for environment and sustainable production of crops. This is especially important for rice, which is a staple food for half population in the world.

Morphological and physiological traits of large-panicle rice varieties with high filled-grain percentage

financed by the Special Program of Super Rice of Ministry of Agriculture, China （02318802013231）;the National Public Services Sectors （Agricultural） Research Projects, Ministry of Agriculture, China （201303102）;the Great Technology Project of Ningbo, China （2013C11001）

Enhancement of Photoluminescence Intensity of GaInNAs/GaAs Quantum Wells by Two-Step Rapid Thermal Annealing

We investigate the effect of rapid thermal annealing on InGaNAs/GaAs quantum wells. At optimized annealing temperatures and times, the greatest enhancement of the photoluminescence intensity is obtained by a special two-step annealing process. To identify the mechanism affecting the material quality during the rapid thermal annealing, differential temperature analysis is applied, and temperature- and power-dependent photoluminescence is carried out on the samples annealed under different conditions. Our experiment reveals that some composition redistribution or other related ordering processes may occur in the quantum-well layer during annealing. Annealing at a lower temperature for a long time primarily can remove defects and dislocations while annealing at a higher temperature for a short time primarily homogenizes the composition in the quantum wells.

Matching between mechanics and thermodynamics among 4 individual strokes in a 4-stroke engine by non-circular gear mechanism

The relationship between engine mechanics and thermo-dynamics has been investigated by means of numerical simulation.The inherent mismatching between the mechanical behaviors and the thermodynamic process in internal combustion engine is identified,which is believed to be one of the important limiting factors of energy efficiency for conventional engines available in the current market.An approach for engine efficiency improvement through optimal matching between mechanics and thermodynamics(OMBMT)is proposed.An ideal matching model is defined and the conflicts due to the constraints among the mapping strokes in a 4-stroke engine are analyzed.A novel mechanical model is built for approaching optimal matching among all 4 individual strokes in a 4-stroke spark-ignition engine,which is composed of non-circular gears(NCG)and integrated with conventional slider crank engine mechanism.By means of digital mechanical model and numerical simulation,the matching gains among all 4 strokes are defined and calculated for quantifying the NCG engine efficiency improvement by comparing with a baseline engine.The potentials with the OMBMT implemented and the enhancements made by NCG mechanism for engines in terms of overall engine efficiency are reported.Based on the results achieved,it is recommended that the feasibility studies and the experimental validations should be conducted to verify the engine matching concept and effectiveness of the NCG mechanism engine model proposed,and the engine performance and NCG design parameters should be further optimized.

Application of Aisi Si/TE Compound Bacterial Fertilizer in Rice

[Objectives]To investigate the application effect of compound microbial fertilizer on crops.[Methods]Livestock and poultry breeding waste,rapeseed cake and peanut straw were fully decomposed,and then added with compound functional microbial inoculum to produce Aisi Si/TE(active chelated silicon/trace element)compound microbial fertilizer,which was used to conduct 10%nitrogen reduction alternative fertilization experiment on rice.[Results]The yield of rice applied with 225 kg/ha Aisi Si/TE compound bacterial fertilizer was 7203 kg/ha,increased by 5.4%,6.9%and 46.9%,respectively compared to those of rice applied with 225 kg/ha inactivated Aisi Si/TE compound microbial fertilizer,conventional fertilization and blank control(P<0.01).Application of Aisi Si/TE compound microbial fertilizer to rice improved soil organic matter and effective nutrient content and showed obvious effect of saving nitrogen and increasing yield and income.In addition,it provided a good micro-ecological environment,passivated and solidified heavy metals,effectively reduced the biological mobility of heavy metals,and greatly reduced the cadmium content in rice.[Conclusions]Application of Aisi Si/TE compound microbial fertilizer is beneficial to improving the quality of agricultural products.