Kind of Fuzzy Method Determining Index Weight on Multi-Objctive Decision Making

Based on fuzzy characteristic of dicision-making thought, matrix of priority relation has been introduced and blurrized. A kind of fuzzy method, which is to determine the index weight on multi-objective decision making, has been put forward by means of the sequence root method for analysis of hierarchical process (AHP). Using this method an example which is to define the index weigbt on multi-objective decision making in thc scheme optimization of mine design has been given.

Research on the Weight of Index for the Assessment Standard for Green Store Building

Assessment standard for green store building of national standard has been compiled. The index has been given by experts' subjective assignment based on experience. Analytic hierarchy process has been used,making questionnaires of experts,using pairwise comparison and calculating the weight of each index. The weight of index in assessment would not only make quantitative evaluation on the whole situation of green store buildings,but also provide the foundation for compilation and revision.

A Log-Index Weighted Cepstral Distance Measure for Speech Recognition

A log-index weighted cepstral distance measure is proposed and tested in speaker-independent and speaker-dependent isolated word recognition systems using statistic techniques. The weights for the cepstral coefficients of this measure equal the logarithm of the corresponding indices. The experimental results show that this kind of measure works better than any other weighted Euclidean cepstral distance measures on three speech databases. The error rate obtained using this measure is about 1.8 percent for three databases on average, which is a 25% reduction from that obtained using other measures, and a 40% reduction from that obtained using Log Likelihood Ratio (LLR) measure. The experimental results also show that this kind of distance measure works well in both speaker-dependent and speaker-independent speech recognition systems.

Prognostic value of preoperative weight loss-adjusted body mass index on survival after esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND The impact of body mass index(BMI)on survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)undergoing surgery remains unclear.Therefore,a definition of clinically significant BMI in patients with ESCC is needed.AIM To explore the impact of preoperative weight loss(PWL)-adjusted BMI on overall survival(OS)in patients undergoing surgery for ESCC.METHODS This retrospective study consisted of 1545 patients who underwent curative resection for ESCC at West China Hospital of Sichuan University between August 2005 and December 2011.The relationship between PWL-adjusted BMI and OS was examined,and a multivariate analysis was performed and adjusted for age,sex,TNM stage and adjuvant therapy.RESULTS Trends of poor survival were observed for patients with increasing PWL and decreasing BMI.Patients with BMI≥20.0 kg/m2 and PWL<8.8%were classified into Group 1 with the longest median OS(45.3 mo).Patients with BMI<20.0 kg/m2 and PWL<8.8%were classified into Group 2 with a median OS of 29.5 mo.Patients with BMI≥20.0 kg/m2 and PWL≥8.8%(HR=1.9,95%CI:1.5-2.5),were combined into Group 3 with a median OS of 20.1 mo.Patients in the three groups were associated with significantly different OS(P<0.05).In multivariate analysis,PWL-adjusted BMI,TNM stage and adjuvant therapy were identified as independent prognostic factors.CONCLUSION PWL-adjusted BMI has an independent prognostic impact on OS in patients with ESCC undergoing surgery.BMI might be an indicator for patients with PWL<8.8%rather than≥8.8%.

The weighted quadratic index of biodiversity for pairs of species: a generalization of Rao’s index

The distribution of biodiversity at multiple sites of a region has been traditionally investigated through the additive partitioning of the regional biodiversity, called γ-diversity, into the average within-site biodiversity or α-diversity, and the biodiversity among sites, or β-diversity. The standard additive partitioning of diversity requires the use of a measure of diversity which is a concave function of the relative abundance of species, like the Shannon entropy or the Gini- Simpson index, for instance. When a phylogenetic distance between species is also taken into account, Rao’s quadratic index has been used as a measure of dissimilarity. Rao’s index, however, is not a concave function of the distribution of relative abundance of either individual species or pairs of species and, consequently, only some nonstandard additive partitionings of diversity have been given using this index. The objective of this paper is to show that the weighted quadratic index of biodiversity, a generalization of the weighted Gini-Simpson index to the pairs of species, is a concave function of the joint distribution of the relative abundance of pairs of species and, therefore, may be used in the standard additive partitioning of diversity instead of Rao’s index. The replication property of this new measure is also discussed.

3D Slicing of Weighted Index for Reservoir Quality of Lower Miocene Rocks, Belayim Marine Oil Field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt

This study aims to have a single coefficient resulting from the integration of all the reservoir parameters through which a decision can be taken to determine the best quality places in the reservoir. The conventional well logging data in nine wells were used to determine the reservoir parameters in the study area. Seven different parameters were calculated, five of them were directly proportional to the quality of the reservoir, while the remaining two parameters which represent shale volume and water saturation were inversely proportional to the reservoir quality. The index of each parameter was calculated. A new value was created from the integration of the seven different parameter indexes called the weighted index for the reservoir quality. The reservoir quality values were sliced in the three dimensions depending on the effect of all reservoir parameters and not on any single parameter. It is clear from the results of this study that horizontal and vertical slicing, as well as cut-off values, illustrates that the middle and upper parts are the best places for the reservoir to explore hydrocarbons, where the values of the weighted index of the reservoir quality range from 0.65 to 0.9. Meanwhile, the quality of the reservoir decreases in its lower parts.

Effect of Alligator Pepper on Litter Weight of Rats Fed on High Glycemic Index Diet

This study was carried out to find out if alligator pepper can prevent the development of fetal macrosomia in Sprague-Dawley rats fed with high glycemic index diet. Fifteen adult female Sprague-Dawley rats of proven fertility were acclimatized for a period of two weeks in a well-ventilated laboratory and fed with grower’s mash and water ad libitum. Thereafter, they were randomly placed in separate cages after which a male Sprague-Dawley rat of proven fertility was introduced into each of the cages containing the female rats. They were left in the cages for three days during, which mating was confirmed to have occurred. The male rats were then withdrawn from the female rats, which were placed in separate maternity cages. The female rats were randomly allocated to three groups A, B and C so there were 5 pregnant rats in each group. The rats in group A were fed with 50 g of grower’s mash daily while the rats in groups B and C were fed with 50 g of cooked fermented cassava respectively. All rats were given water ad libitum throughout the duration of the experiment. The rats in groups A and B were intraperitoneally injected with 13.3 ml per Kg body weight of distilled water while the rats in group C were intraperitoneally injected with 13.3 mg/Kg body weight of aqueous extract of alligator pepper respectively. They were observed for 18 - 25 days. The litters of the rats in group B had a significantly higher mean weight than the rats in group A while the litters of the rats in group C had a significantly lower mean weight than the rats in groups B. It was concluded that intraperitoneally injected aqueous extract of alligator pepper, in the first trimester of pregnancy, can prevent the development of fetal macrosomia in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Perceptions of Body Mass Index as a Valid Indicator of Weight Status among Adults in the United States

Background: Being overweight or obese increases risk for heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, joint disease, and certain cancers. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is commonly used to determine weight status. As rates of overweight and obesity have risen sharply in the United States over the past 30 years, perceptions of a “normal” or healthy weight are subject to change. The purpose of this study was to analyze perceptions of BMI as an indicator of weight status. Methods: An online survey was administered to 376 US adults. The survey collected demographic information including height, weight, and perceived weight status (underweight, healthy weight, overweight and obese). The survey software calculated and presented participants with their personal BMI values. Participants then answered questions about their perception of the BMI as a valid indicator of weight status. Results: More participants reported a healthy weight status (51.6%) than were classified as such according to their computed BMI (43.6%). The majority of the sample (85.1%) considered BMI to be a valid indicator of weight status, although perceptions of validity varied by weight status. Participants that perceived BMI to be invalid most commonly cited incongruence with one’s perception of their own body weight, no accounting for unique body shapes, and no accounting for additional muscle mass. Conclusion: BMI is generally perceived to be a valid indicator of weight status. These perceptions of validity can vary depending on the individuals’ actual weight status. In instances where perceptions are not favorable toward BMI, it is largely attributable to opinions of incongruence with BMI and body shape, type, or composition. Continued use of BMI as a preliminary tool for determining weight status appears to be accepted. Efforts to increase BMI-related awareness and education may be necessary for individuals that currently see it as invalid.

Weighted Gini-Simpson Quadratic Index of Biodiversity for Interdependent Species

The weighted Gini-Simpson quadratic index is the simplest measure of biodiversity which takes into account the relative abundance of species and some weights assigned to the species. These weights could be assigned based on factors such as the phylogenetic distance between species, or their relative conservation values, or even the species richness or vulnerability of the habitats where these species live. In the vast majority of cases where the biodiversity is measured the species are supposed to be independent, which means that the relative proportion of a pair of species is the product of the relative proportions of the component species making up the respective pair. In the first section of the paper, the main versions of the weighted Gini-Simpson index of biodiversity for the pairs and triads of independent species are presented. In the second section of the paper, the weighted Gini-Simpson quadratic index is calculated for the general case when the species are interdependent. In this instance, the weights reflect the conservation values of the species and the distribution pattern variability of the subsets of species in the respective habitat induced by the inter-dependence between species. The third section contains a numerical example.

On the change of some biochemistry indexes and nutrition intervention in weight loss trials of female Judo athletes

This thesis expounds the body function state change of the female judo athletes and attempts to probe the method of improving the capacity of sports of female judo athletes,through the research of biochemistry index change and nutritional interveution effect during their weight loss period.The research objects are 24 judo athletes from Inner Mongolia and they are randomly divided into groups of common loss of weight(n=8),loss of weight with common nutrition(n=8) and loss of weight with nutrition intervening(n=8) according to their weight.The experiment period is 2 weeks.Conclusion:(1)The judo athletes should be enforced with the food rich in Fe and protein to avoid anemia.(2)The nutritional complement like glutamine et cetera can improve the athletes body function and capacity of sports,and relieve fatigue efficiently.

Predictive value of extravascular lung water indexed to predicted body weight

AIM: To investigate extravascular lung water indexed to predicted body weight(EVLWIp) and actual body weight(EVLWIa) on outcome of patients with severe sepsis.METHODS: Transpulmonary thermodilution was prospectively used to measure cardiovascular hemodynamics, EVLWIp and EVLWIa via an arterial catheter placed in each patient within 48 h of meeting the criteria for severe sepsis from a medical intensive care unit(ICU) at a university affiliated hospital. Survival was the single dependent variable. In order to examine and compare the predictive power of EVLWIp, EVLWIa and other clinically significant factors in predicting the inhospital survival status of severe sepsis patients in the medical ICU, a receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve method to analyze the significant variables and the area under the ROC curve(AUC) of the variables, P value and 95%CI were calculated.RESULTS: In total, 33 patients were studied. In the ROC curve method analyses, EVLWIp(the AUC: 0.849; P = 0.001, 95%CI: 0.72-0.98) was as predictive for inhospital survival rate as variables with EVLWIa(AUC, 0.829; P = 0.001, 95%CI: 0.68-0.98). The proportion of patients surviving with a low EVLW(EVLWI < 10 m L/kg) was better than that of patients with a higher EVLW, whether indexed by actual(HR = 0.2; P = 0.0002, 95%CI: 0.06-0.42) or predicted body weight(HR = 0.13; P < 0.0001, 95%CI: 0.05-0.35) during their hospital stay with the Kaplan-Meier method(76% vs 12.5%, respectively).CONCLUSION: This investigation proposed that EVLWIp is as good a predictor as EVLWIa to predict inhospital survival rate among severe sepsis patients in the medical ICU.

Nature Index在高校学科服务中的应用——以南京师范大学为例

文章分析了NI评价指标和NI数据库,并以南京师范大学为例,介绍如何利用NI为高校学科发展提供学科服务。

Effects of Incretin-based Therapies on Weight-related Indicators among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate the effects of incretin-based therapies on body weight as the primary outcome,as well as on body mass index(BMI)and waist circumference(WC)as secondary outcomes.Methods Databases including Medline,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and clinicaltrials.gov(www.clinicaltrials.gov)were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Standard pairwise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis(NMA)were both carried out.The risk of bias(ROB)tool recommended by the Cochrane handbook was used to assess the quality of studies.Subgroup analysis,sensitivity analysis,meta-regression,and quality evaluation based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)were also performed.Results A total of 292 trials were included in this study.Compared with placebo,dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitors(DPP-4 Is)increased weight slightly by 0.31 kg[95%confidence interval(CI):0.05,0.58]and had negligible effects on BMI and WC.Compared with placebo,glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RAs)lowered weight,BMI,and WC by-1.34 kg(95%CI:-1.60,-1.09),-1.10 kg/m2(95%CI:-1.42,-0.78),and-1.28 cm(95%CI:-1.69,-0.86),respectively.Conclusion GLP-1 RAs were more effective than DPP-4 Is in lowering the three indicators.Overall,the effects of GLP-1 RAs on weight,BMI,and WC were favorable.

Differentiation degree combination weighting method for investment decision-making risk assessment in power grid construction projects

Power grid construction projects are distinguished by their wide variety,high investment,long payback period,and close relation to national development and human welfare.To improve the investment accuracy in such projects and effectively prevent investment risks,this paper proposes an investment optimization decision-making method for multiple power grid construction projects under a certain investment scale.Firstly,an in-depth analysis of the characteristics and development requirements of China’s power grid projects was performed.Thereafter,the time sequence and holographic method was adopted to conduct multi-dimensional,multi-perspective risk assessment of different parts of power grid projects,and a holographic risk assessment index system was developed.Moreover,an investment decision model considering the comprehensive risk based on combination weighting was developed according to the output and input of power grid construction projects.A new combination weighting optimization method that takes into account the investment willingness of enterprises was designed to improve the current weighting evaluation methods.Finally,the validity and applicability of the proposed evaluation method were verified by case examples.

Entropy weight coefficient model and its application in evaluation of groundwater vulnerability of the Sanjiang Plain

The research of groundwater vulnerability is the basic work to protect the groundwater. For utilizing groundwater resource continuably, groundwater vulnerability evaluation is necessary. Useful reference to protect, exploit and utilize on groundwater resource are provided rationally. According to the real condition of Sanjiang Plain, the indexes system is established based on the traditional DRASTIC model. The new system includes the following seven indexes： Depth of Water, Net Recharge, Aquifer Media, Soil Media, Conductivity of the Aquifer, Land Utilizing Ratio and Populace Density. The related analysis appears that the system is rather reasonable. Because traditional methods, such as analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy mathematics theory, can＇t be avoided human interference in selection of weights, they could lead to an imprecise result. In order to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability reasonably, entropy weight coefficient method is applied for the first time, which provides a new way to groundwater vulnerability evaluation. The method is a model whose weights are insured by the calculation process, so the artificial disturb can be avoided. It has been used to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability in Sanjiang Plain. The satisfied result is acquired. Comparably, the same result is acquired by the other method named projection pursuit evaluation based on real-coded accelerating genetic algorithm. It shows that entropy weight coefficient method is applicable on groundwater vulnerability evaluation. The evaluation result can provide reference on the decision-making departments.

基于灰色系统理论的电网工程绿色建造模糊综合评价模型

为贯彻落实绿色发展理念,提升现有电网工程绿色建造评价方法的全面性、系统性以及客观性,提出了一种基于灰色系统理论的模糊综合评价模型。通过研究影响电网工程设计、施工与交付等环节的重要绿色评价因子,构建了多层次的绿色建造评价指标体系。并基于灰色系统理论确定指标权重,建立了多层级模糊综合评价模型。同时选取电网工程案例来进行验证,证明了该模型能够科学、合理地确定各指标的权重,从而为电网工程绿色建造评价及不断优化提供了支撑。

Evaluation index system for positive operation of water conservancy projects

The conditions for the positive operation of water conservancy projects are described in this paper. A scientific and effective evaluation index system was established based on frequency analysis, theoretical analysis, and expert consultation. This evaluation index system can be divided into six first-level indices： the degree to which facilities are intact and functionality standards are reached, the status of operation and management funds, the rationality and degree of advancement of the management team structure, the adaptability and rationality of the water conservancy project management system, the degree of automatization and informationization of the management techniques, and the conduciveness of the exterior environment. The weights for evaluation indices were obtained through the analytic hierarchy process method with consideration of the difference between public welfare and profit-oriented water conservancy projects. This study provides a scientific method for evaluating the positive operation of water conservancy projects.

Attitudes towards, and methods of, maintaining or losing body weight among adults

To investigate motivators and strategies of adult weight loss or management, 1805 adults aged 18 - 65 were asked by computer assisted telephone interviews about their weight management behavior during the previous four weeks. High levels of importance to reduce risks associated with chronic diseases such as cancer, heart disease and diabetes were observed, although were indistinguishable between people attempting or not attempting to lose or maintain weight. Results showed that BMI was the strongest predictor of attempting to manage weight irrespective of age and, compared with males, females were more likely to attempt weight management at a lower BMI. Among the weight management group, the most popular weight management strategy was to choose healthier food options (77% and 70% for females and males respectively). With the weight management group also more likely to be monitoring the amount of food they consume, limiting portions sizes and tracking their physical activity participation compared with people not managing their weight. The current study showed that the likelihood of weight management within four weeks prior to the survey peaked for both sexes when BMI reached obese levels, (BMI = 30 - 39.9), suggesting that among people categorised as obese most were attempting to manage their weight. The results also suggest that at least some adults were not attempting to maintain their weight in the four weeks prior to the survey, irrespective of their BMI status. The implications of these findings suggest more effective approaches to weight loss and maintenance could focus on strategies that directly address the benefits and motivations of weight loss and weight maintenance, rather than focusing on conveying the risks of being overweight and the importance of avoiding chronic disease.

口岸经济高质量发展水平评价指标体系构建与测度——基于云南的实证研究

加快口岸由“通道经济”转型为“产业经济”,是“一带一路”建设高质量发展的重要内容。基于高质量发展目标要求,对口岸经济高质量发展的内涵、特征进行学理性探讨,依托层次分析思想构建测度口岸经济高质量发展水平的评价指标体系。以边境口岸数量多、类型丰富的云南省为研究对象,选取2012—2021年数据,运用CRITIC权重法,对云南口岸经济高质量发展水平进行测度并分析其趋势特征。研究发现:样本期内云南口岸经济高质量发展水平总体呈现上升趋势,口岸经济协调发展和开放发展提升显著,创新发展有待加强,共享作用显现,绿色发展不平稳,岸城协调性不足。推动云南口岸经济高质量发展要转变发展理念,扩大高水平对外开放,建立岸岸、岸城协调发展机制,完善口岸基础设施,加强口岸开放发展能力,以此推进云南口岸现代化建设进程。

SINGULAR INTEGRAL OPERATORS IN L^2 SPACES ASSOCIATED WITH THE GENERALIZED JACOBI WEIGHTS

In this paper, a kind of new definitions of singular integral operators in the weighted L-2 space with the generalized Jacobi weights are given, then the boundedness in the weighted L-2 space, the relationships between these operators and the classic singular integral operators are proved. For the convenience in the later use, similar results in the L-2 space with Jacobi weights are given.