烟草抗感南方根结线虫品种根部差异表达mRNA的PPI网络分析

基于品种间的差异表达基因,选取烟草抗病品种K326与感病品种长脖黄为试验材料,利用生物信息学分析方法筛选出与抗感染相关的关键基因,通过蛋白互作网络分析(Protein-Protein Interaction,PPI)以及Gene Ontology(GO)功能分类分析(包括Biological Process分析与KEGG通路分析)对差异表达基因进行生物学功能注释,并找出PPI网络中的重要基因以及作用通路一致的基因,并对这些基因加以解析,以明确抗南方根结线虫烟草品种抗性机制,为研究烟草抗南方根结线虫的分子机制提供理论依据。结果表明,差异表达基因主要在细胞代谢、胞内体转运、RNA介导的基因沉默等9条与抗感染相关的通路中显著富集,并且筛选出Fab1b、Fab1c、Fab1d、Glu1、Dcl1、Dcl2、Dcl4共7个同时构成PPI网络的关键基因。

PPI-CPI剪刀差与能源企业投资

生产和消费领域的供需不均衡往往会导致PPI-CPI走势背离,形成明显的剪刀差,2020年后我国PPI-CPI剪刀差问题逐渐凸显。本文基于产业链上游能源行业上市公司数据,研究PPI-CPI剪刀差对能源企业投资效率的影响及作用机制。研究发现,PPI-CPI剪刀差扩大会降低能源企业的投资效率,且主要通过引发过度投资而产生影响;PPI-CPI剪刀差会导致传统化石能源企业投资不足和非化石能源企业投资过度,且对非化石能源企业的影响效果更加明显;估值较低的企业以及民营企业受到的影响相对更大;2020年后,PPI-CPI剪刀差的负面影响增大,能源企业发生过度投资的概率明显增加;存货的控制与调整可以缓解剪刀差的不利影响。本文为能源企业管理者理解PPI-CPI剪刀差的后果与作用机制提供了依据与启示,在推动实现碳达峰碳中和目标与能源系统转型的宏观背景下具有一定的现实意义。

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of tactile startle response in recombinant congenic strains of mice:QTL mapping and comparison with acoustic PPI

Prepulse inhibition （PPI） of the startle response is a psychophysiological measure of sensorimotor gating believed to be cross-modal between different sensory systems. We analyzed the tactile startle response （TSR） and PPI of TSR （tPPI）, using light as a prepulse stimulus, in the mouse strains A/J and C57BL/6J and 36 recombinant congenic strains derived from them. Parental strains were significantly different for TSR, but were comparable for tPPI. Among the congenic strains, variation for TSR was significant in both genetic backgrounds, but that of tPPI was significant only for the C57BL/6J background. Provisional mapping for loci modulating TSR and tPPI was carried out. Using mapping data from our previous study on acoustic startle responses （ASR） and PPI of ASR （aPPI）, no common markers for aPPI and tPPI were identified. However, some markers were significantly associated with both ASR and TSR, at least in one genetic background. These results indicate cross-modal genetic regulation for the startle response but not for PPI, in these mouse strains.

Inhibition of protein degradation increases the Bt protein concentration in Bt cotton

Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)cotton production is challenged by two main problems,i.e.,the low concentration of Bt protein at the boll setting stage and the lowest insect resistance in bolls among all the cotton plant’s organs.Therefore,increasing the Bt protein concentration at the boll stage,especially in bolls,has become the main goal for increasing insect resistance in cotton.In this study,two protein degradation inhibitors(ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid(EDTA)and leupeptin)were sprayed on the bolls,subtending leaves,and whole cotton plants at the peak flowering stage of two Bt cultivars(medium maturation Sikang 1(SK1))and early maturation Zhongmian 425(ZM425)in 2019 and 2020.The Bt protein content and protein degradation metabolism were assessed.The results showed that the Bt protein concentrations were enhanced by 21.3 to 38.8%and 25.0 to 38.6%in the treated bolls of SK1 and ZM425 respectively,while they were decreased in the subtending leaves of these treated bolls.In the treated leaves,the Bt protein concentrations increased by 7.6 to 23.5%and 11.2 to 14.9%in SK1 and ZM425,respectively.The combined application of EDTA and leupeptin to the whole cotton plant increased the Bt protein concentrations in both bolls and subtending leaves.The Bt protein concentrations in bolls were higher,increasing by 22.5 to 31.0%and 19.6 to 32.5%for SK1 and ZM425,respectively.The organs treated with EDTA or/and leupeptin showed reduced free amino acid contents,protease and peptidase activities and significant enhancements in soluble protein contents.These results indicated that inhibiting protein degradation could improve the protein content,thus increasing the Bt protein concentrations in the bolls or/and leaves of cotton plants.Therefore,the increase in the Bt protein concentration without yield reduction suggested that these two protein degradation inhibitors may be applicable for improving insect resistance in cotton production.

Heterointerface Engineering-Induced Oxygen Defects for the Manganese Dissolution Inhibition in Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries

Manganese-based material is a prospective cathode material for aqueous zinc ion batteries(ZIBs)by virtue of its high theoretical capacity,high operating voltage,and low price.However,the manganese dissolution during the electrochemical reaction causes its electrochemical cycling stability to be undesirable.In this work,heterointerface engineering-induced oxygen defects are introduced into heterostructure MnO_(2)(δa-MnO_(2))by in situ electrochemical activation to inhibit manganese dissolution for aqueous zinc ion batteries.Meanwhile,the heterointerface between the disordered amorphous and the crystalline MnO_(2)ofδa-MnO_(2)is decisive for the formation of oxygen defects.And the experimental results indicate that the manganese dissolution ofδa-MnO_(2)is considerably inhibited during the charge/discharge cycle.Theoretical analysis indicates that the oxygen defect regulates the electronic and band structure and the Mn-O bonding state of the electrode material,thereby promoting electron transport kinetics as well as inhibiting Mn dissolution.Consequently,the capacity ofδa-MnO_(2)does not degrade after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.5 Ag^(-1)and also 91%capacity retention after 500cycles at 1 Ag^(-1).This study provides a promising insight into the development of high-performance manganese-based cathode materials through a facile and low-cost strategy.

Alleviated photoinhibition on nitrification in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean

Nitrification,a central process in the marine nitrogen cycle,produces regenerated nitrate in the euphotic zone and emits N_(2)O,a potent greenhouse gas as a by-product.The regulatory mechanisms of nitrification in the Southern Ocean,which is a critical region for CO_(2)sequestration and radiative benefits,remain poorly understood.Here,we investigated the in situ and dark nitrification rates in the upper 500 m and conducted substrate kinetics experiments across the Indian Sector in the Cosmonaut and Cooperation seas in the late austral summer.Our findings indicate that light inhibition of nitrification decreases exponentially with depth,exhibiting a light threshold of 0.53%photosynthetically active radiation.A positive relationship between dark nitrification and apparent oxygen utilization suggests a dependence on substrate availability from primary production.Importantly,an increased NH_(4)^(+) supply can act as a buffer against photo-inhibitory damage.Globally,substrate affinity(α)increases with depth and transitions from light to dark,decreases with increasing ambient NH_(4)^(+)and exhibits a latitudinal distribution,reflecting substrate utilization strategies.We also reveal that upwelling in Circumpolar Deep Water(CDW)stimulates nitrification through the introduction of potentially higher iron and deep diverse nitrifying microorganisms with higherα.We conclude that although light is the primary limiting factor for nitrification in summer,coupling between substrate availability and CDW upwelling can overcome this limitation,thereby alleviating photoinhibition by up to 45%±5.3%.

基于相似性度量的PPI网络链接预测算法相关性分析

针对基于相似性度量的蛋白质相互作用网络(PPI网络)链接预测算法Sim,证明Sim指标是基于3-跳路径的指标,分析Sim矩阵和PPI网络邻接矩阵具有较强相关性,为基于相似性度量的PPI网络链接预测算法提供理论依据.

Growth and inhibition of zinc anode dendrites in Zn-air batteries:Model and experiment

Zinc(Zn)-air batteries are widely used in secondary battery research owing to their high theoretical energy density,good electrochemical reversibility,stable discharge performance,and low cost of the anode active material Zn.However,the Zn anode also leads to many challenges,including dendrite growth,deformation,and hydrogen precipitation self-corrosion.In this context,Zn dendrite growth has a greater impact on the cycle lives.In this dissertation,a dendrite growth model for a Zn-air battery was established based on electrochemical phase field theory,and the effects of the charging time,anisotropy strength,and electrolyte temperature on the morphology and growth height of Zn dendrites were studied.A series of experiments was designed with different gradient influencing factors in subsequent experiments to verify the theoretical simulations,including elevated electrolyte temperatures,flowing electrolytes,and pulsed charging.The simulation results show that the growth of Zn dendrites is controlled mainly by diffusion and mass transfer processes,whereas the electrolyte temperature,flow rate,and interfacial energy anisotropy intensity are the main factors.The experimental results show that an optimal electrolyte temperature of 343.15 K,an optimal electrolyte flow rate of 40 ml·min^(-1),and an effective pulse charging mode.

Teneligliptin mitigates diabetic cardiomyopathy through inflammasome inhibition:Insights from experimental studies

This article provides commentary on the article by Zhang et al.In this original research,Zhang et al investigated the therapeutic potential of teneligliptin for diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM),which was mediated by targeting the NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome.Through the use of both in vivo and in vitro models,the study demonstrated that teneligliptin alleviates cardiac hyper-trophy,reduces myocardial injury,and mitigates the inflammatory responses as-sociated with DCM.These findings suggest that teneligliptin’s cardioprotective effects are mediated through the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation,positioning it as a promising therapeutic option for managing DCM in diabetic patients.

Sensitivity of Commercial Enzyme Inhibition Colorimetric Pesticide Residue Rapid Test Kit to a Variety of Pesticides

[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural products.[Methods]The sensitivity of 28 kinds of pesticides was determined by using the commercially available enzyme inhibition colorimetric rapid detection kit with Hendu brand.[Results]There was a significant difference in the sensitivity of the kit to each pesticide,and the kit was more sensitive to dichlorvos among the 28 pesticides tested.The sensitivity to methyl isosalifos,dimethoate,isocarbophos,fenthion and phorate was poor,and the sensitivity to quinalphos was different between 3.0 and 2.5 mL.[Conclusions]The large difference of the sensitivity of the enzyme inhibition-colorimetric rapid detection kit for pesticide residues to different kits is a reason for the false positive and false negative test results of the kit,which needs to be considered by relevant personnel.

Neuroprotective effects of G9a inhibition through modulation of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor gamma-dependent pathways by miR-128

Dysregulation of G9a,a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase,has been observed in Alzheimer’s disease and has been correlated with increased levels of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.Likewise,microRNAs are involved in many biological processes and diseases playing a key role in pathogenesis,especially in multifactorial diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,our aim has been to provide partial insights into the interconnection between G9a,microRNAs,oxidative stress,and neuroinflammation.To better understand the biology of G9a,we compared the global microRNA expression between senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8(SAMP8)control mice and SAMP8 treated with G9a inhibitor UNC0642.We found a downregulation of miR-128 after a G9a inhibition treatment,which interestingly binds to the 3′untranslated region(3′-UTR)of peroxisome-proliferator activator receptor γ(PPARG)mRNA.Accordingly,Pparg gene expression levels were higher in the SAMP8 group treated with G9a inhibitor than in the SAMP8 control group.We also observed modulation of oxidative stress responses might be mainly driven Pparg after G9a inhibitor.To confirm these antioxidant effects,we treated primary neuron cell cultures with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidative insult.In this setting,treatment with G9a inhibitor increases both cell survival and antioxidant enzymes.Moreover,up-regulation of PPARγby G9a inhibitor could also increase the expression of genes involved in DNA damage responses and apoptosis.In addition,we also described that the PPARγ/AMPK axis partially explains the regulation of autophagy markers expression.Finally,PPARγ/GADD45αpotentially contributes to enhancing synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis after G9a inhibition.Altogether,we propose that pharmacological inhibition of G9a leads to a neuroprotective effect that could be due,at least in part,by the modulation of PPARγ-dependent pathways by miR-128.

扩大消费需求背景下佳木斯市CPI和PPI传导关系实证分析

扩大消费需求是促进经济稳定持续向好发展的有效方式之一,也是当前我国经济工作的重要任务。价格变动则是影响消费需求的重要因素,在众多宏观经济指标中,居民消费价格指数(CPI)和工业生产者出厂价格指数(PPI)是衡量经济运行中消费环节价格、生产环节价格变动趋势和幅度的主要指标。佳木斯市作为黑龙江省经济综合发展地区之一,受产业结构、消费结构等因素影响,CPI和PPI变动也存在一定区域特点,研究佳木斯市CPI和PPI之间传导关系,掌握其传导规律,有利于找准影响因素,在稳物价同时,推动消费需求进一步扩大。本文以2013-2022年佳木斯市CPI和PPI月度同比数据为研究对象,随后,运用VAR模型和BEKK-GARCH模型对CPI和PPI的均值溢出效应和波动溢出效应进行实证分析。研究表明,PPI到CPI具有单向均值溢出效应,即PPI向CPI进行单向传导;CPI和PPI具有双向波动溢出效应,表明二者具有联动性特征。最后,根据研究结果提出相关的意见建议。

Growth Inhibition of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis from Various Types of Honey

Honey has long been considered a wound treatment used to keep cuts and other epidermal injuries clean. This study tested that claim by comparing manuka honey used in medicine today, local unprocessed honey taken straight from a hive, and pasteurized honey found at a store, on strains of E. coli and S. epidermidis. The study evaluated the effects these honeys had on bacterial growth to determine which had the greatest inhibition of bacterial growth. To determine this, plates streaked with strains of E. coli or S. epidermidis bacteria and agar wells filled with one of the honeys were incubated and subsequently the diameter of the zone of inhibition was measured. After 20 trials using each honey and bacteria type, manuka and unprocessed were shown to have a statistically significant advantage over the pasteurized honey at inhibiting the growth of E. coli and S. epidermidis, though it was variable whether manuka had an advantage over the unprocessed honey.

Design of highly active and durable oxygen evolution catalyst with intrinsic chlorine inhibition property for seawater electrolysis

High-efficiency seawater electrolysis is impeded by the low activity and low durability of oxygen evolution catalysts due to the complex composition and competitive side reactions in seawater.Herein,a heterogeneousstructured catalyst is constructed by depositing NiFe-layered double hydroxides(NiFe-LDH)on the substrate of MXene(V_(2)CT_(x))modified Ni foam(NF),and abbreviated as NiFe-LDH/V_(2)CT_(x)/NF.As demonstrated,owing to the intrinsic negative charge characteristic of V_(2)CT_(x),chlorine ions are denied entry to the interface between NiFeLDH and V_(2)CT_(x)/NF substrate,thus endowing NiFe-LDH/V_(2)CT_(x)/NF catalyst with high corrosion resistance and durable stability for 110 h at 500 mA cm^(-2).Meanwhile,the two-dimensional structure and high electrical conductivity of V_(2)CT_(x) can respectively enlarge the electrochemical active surface area and guarantee fast charge transfer,thereby synergistically promoting the catalytic performance of NiFe-LDH/V_(2)CT_(x)/NF in both deionized water electrolyte(261 m V at 100 m A cm^(-2))and simulated seawater electrolyte(241 mV at 100 mA cm^(-2)).This work can guide the preparation of oxygen evolution catalysts and accelerate the industrialization of seawater electrolysis.

Determination of total flavonoids content in buckwheat and inhibition of α-amylase activity

Diabetes is one of the most difficult chronic diseases to cure in the world,which seriously affects people’s health and quality of life.Flavonoids in buckwheat can regulate blood glucose levels by inhibitingα-amylase activity.Therefore,sweet buckwheat produced in Inner Mongolia was used as the research object,and buckwheat fl avonoids were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction method.Total fl avonoids content was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry.With acarbose as the positive control,the inhibition test ofα-amylase was carried out by DNS colorimetry to study the inhibition behavior of fl avonoids onα-amylase activity.The results showed that the extraction process of flavonoids was stable and reliable,and the established method for the determination of flavonoids was simple,accurate and reproducible.The total flavonoids content of buckwheat samples was 2.706 mg/g,buckwheat total fl avonoids extraction solution had an inhibitory eff ect onα-amylase,and its median inhibition concentration(IC_(50))was 38.53 mg/mL.The results of this experiment provide a technical reference for the development and utilization of fl avonoids in Inner Mongolia sweet buckwheat,and provide a theoretical reference for the development and application of flavonoid-rich hypoglycemic food.

Role of TSH Inhibition Therapy in the Postoperative Management of Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect of TSH inhibition therapy in the postoperative management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.Methods:Seventy patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer were selected for the study.TSH inhibition therapy was administered to the research group,while thyroxine replacement therapy was provided to the control group during the postoperative management phase.This allowed for a comparative analysis between the two groups.Results:In comparison with the control group,the research group exhibited significant decreases in serum TSH,T3,and T4 levels after treatment,while FT4 and FT3 levels significantly increased(P<0.05).Additionally,significant decreases in Tg,VEGF,TSGF,CD44V6,and sIL-2R levels were observed in the research group after treatment(P<0.05).No significant differences were found in pre-treatment thyroid function between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The application of TSH inhibition therapy in the postoperative management of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer demonstrates promising outcomes.

PPI:低位运行 收窄企稳

2023年,受国内外市场需求总体偏弱,原油、煤炭、钢材、有色、水泥、化工等国际大宗商品价格下行,房地产市场放缓,以及去年较高基数的影响,四川工业生产者价格指数总体呈下降态势。1—11月,四川工业生产者出厂价格(PPI)同比下降2.4%,降幅与前三季度持平;四川工业生产者购进价格同比下降2.8%,降幅比前三季度扩大0.2个百分点。

当前PPI已连续16个月同比负增长

2024年2月,浙江工业品出厂价格指数(PPI)同比下降2.8%,环比下降0.5%,已连续16个月同比负增长,社会总体预期偏弱。三个特征从趋势看:前期降幅持续扩大,后期收窄趋稳。本轮P PI同比增速放缓始于2021年11月,从同比增长11%逐月下降至2022年11月的同比负增长0.7%,并延续负增长至今年2月。其中,前8个月(2022年11月-2023年6月),PPI同比降幅从0.7%扩大到4.4%,随着国际油价上行影响和国内经济复苏,后8个月(2023年7月-2024年2月),PPI同比降幅逐渐收窄稳定在2.8%左右。

PPI联合荜铃胃痛颗粒治疗慢性胃炎的临床研究

探究质子泵抑制剂(PPI)联合荜铃胃痛颗粒治疗慢性胃炎的临床疗效。方法 随机抽选出在本院接受治疗的临床诊断为慢性非萎缩性胃炎,有黏膜糜烂且有上腹痛或上腹饱胀症状的幽门螺旋杆菌(helicobacter,HP)阳性的慢性胃炎患者参与,收治时间范围:2022年10月~2023年10月,从中抽选出60例患者,将其按照简单随机法分为对照组患者采取常规西药治疗,即PPI联合铋剂和两种抗生素(即四联疗法),治疗14天。而观察组慢性胃炎患者则给予PPI联合铋剂和两种抗生素基础上加用荜铃胃痛颗粒进行治疗14天,对比2组慢性胃炎患者临床疗效即内镜下胃黏膜改善情况、临床症状改善时间、HP根除率、以及不良反应发生率。结果 相较于对照组的70.00%总有效率,观察组慢性胃炎患者的治疗成效显著,达到了86.67%,这一差异在统计学上具有高度显著性(P<0.05)。此外,观察组在缓解临床症状方面展现出更快的效果,其缓解时间明显短于对照组,这一差异同样具备统计学意义(P<0.05)。然而,在幽门螺杆菌(HP)的根除率上,尽管观察组表现出一定优势,但两组之间的差异并未达到统计学显著性水平(P>0.05)。值得注意的是,治疗后观察组患者的不良反应发生率显著降低,与对照组相比具有统计学上的显著差异(P<0.05)。结论 对于慢性胃炎患者而言,采用四联疗法与荜铃胃痛颗粒相结合的治疗方案,能够显著促进胃黏膜的修复进程,有效缓解患者的不适症状,并提升幽门螺杆菌(HP)的根除效率。此综合疗法不仅优化了患者的治疗体验,还积极降低了不良反应的发生率。

左金乌贝散联合PPI、胃黏膜保护剂、促胃肠动力药治疗反流性食管炎的疗效分析

为探索用左金乌贝散联合PPI、胃黏膜保护剂、促胃肠动力药治疗反流性食管炎的临床疗效。选取了2022年2月至2023年8月在贵州中医药大学第一附属医院的86例患者作为实验样本。方法 本研究采取随机对照试验法,将86例患者经电子胃镜检查后结果为反流性食管炎的患者随机分为对照组和研究组,对照组采用左金乌贝散治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合PPI、胃黏膜保护剂、促胃肠动力药治疗。评估治疗前后患者剑突下烧灼痛、反酸、呕吐等症的评分情况来对比两组治疗前后的疗效。结果 两组治疗均能改善患者PPI、胃黏膜保护剂、促胃肠动力药临床症状,研究组优于对照组;结论 采用左金乌贝散联合PPI、胃黏膜保护剂、促胃肠动力药可改善剑突下烧灼痛、反酸、呕吐等症状,具有精准治疗、简便廉效的优点,值得临床推广。