PENETRATION RATE MEASUREMENT AND ITS INSTRUMENT DESIGN

The practical method for precise penetration rate measurement in a short time and the instrument design have been specially discussed in this paper.Considering the defects of the penetration rate meters available,via the balanced design in consideration of service life,costs,accuracy and reliability,a kind of penetration rate meter has been put forward.The meter consists of a magnetic clutch,a gear box and a raster disk system to pick up the signal.The meter has the following advantages-it might measure a low speed with higher accura-cy,it could disengage automatically without being divorced from the driving device during tripping rods at high speed,it has a circuit of rotary direction discrimination and of repeated counting prevention so as to eU-minate error caused by rod vibration.

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of Vehicle Instrument Panel Based on Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm

Typical multidisciplinary design optimization（MDO） has gradually been proposed to balance performances of lightweight, noise, vibration and harshness（NVH） and safety for instrument panel（IP） structure in the automotive development. Nevertheless, plastic constitutive relation of Polypropylene（PP） under different strain rates, has not been taken into consideration in current reliability-based and collaborative IP MDO design. In this paper, based on tensile test under different strain rates, the constitutive relation of Polypropylene material is studied. Impact simulation tests for head and knee bolster are carried out to meet the regulation of FMVSS 201 and FMVSS 208, respectively. NVH analysis is performed to obtain mainly the natural frequencies and corresponding mode shapes, while the crashworthiness analysis is employed to examine the crash behavior of IP structure. With the consideration of lightweight, NVH, head and knee bolster impact performance, design of experiment（DOE）, response surface model（RSM）, and collaborative optimization（CO） are applied to realize the determined and reliability-based optimizations, respectively. Furthermore, based on multi-objective genetic algorithm（MOGA）, the optimal Pareto sets are completed to solve the multi-objective optimization（MOO） problem. The proposed research ensures the smoothness of Pareto set, enhances the ability of engineers to make a comprehensive decision about multi-objectives and choose the optimal design, and improves the quality and efficiency of MDO.

Hydroforming Process Design Using Finite Element Simulation for a Vehicle Instrument Panel Support Frame

Tubular hydroforming has attracted increased attention in the vehicle industry recently. This paper covers a complete hydroforming process design for an instrum ent panel frame by finite element simulation using the explicit code LS-DYNA. The manufacturing process for the instrument panel frame consists of tube pre-be nding and final hydroforming. To accomplish hydroforming process design successf ully, a thorough investigation of proper combination of process parameters such as internal hydraulic pressure and axial feeding is carried out by finite element simulation to predict the tube wall thickness and shape. An optimized process parameter combination is obtained and verified by the instrument panel frame hyd roforming experiment. The experiment shows that designed process parameters can be used in real production through FEA simulation, but tubular thinned amplitu de by FEA is less than that with the experiment.

CFD Simulation of Air Flow Behaviour at Different Flow Rates in a Turkish Woodwind Instrument (Turkish Treble Recorder)

In musical instruments, the geometric design and material features of the instrument are the most important factors that determine the sound characteristics of the instrument. Traditional replication and experiment-based handcrafting methods are predominant in the production of Turkish Folk Music wind instruments. The instrument manufacturing and standardization approaches, which include the relevant rules of physics and engineering practices, are limited purely to prototype studies for scientific research purposes. It is almost impossible to find studies on Turkish Folk Music wind instrument design and production involving computer aided design and engineering applications. In this study, an example Turkish woodwind instrument, the Turkish Treble Recorder (dilli kaval) is considered, and the air flow behaviour and acoustic (sound) power magnitudes that occur at different air flow rates are simulated in a computer environment using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation technique. In the study, numerical and visual outputs related to air behaviour at different air flow rates that may be used in the instrument manufacturing phases were obtained. Acoustic power level was also measured experimentally. Simulation outputs (the acoustic power level) were compared to experimental results in order to validate the simulation results. The comparison revealed that the highest relative difference was calculated as 13.32(%). This value indicated that the simulation results were reasonably consistent with the results of the experimental measurement. Additionally, this study was constructed as a case study that may provide reference for future research studies in this field.

Detection of design patterns by combining static and dynamic analyses

Design patterns are micro architectures that have proved to be reliable, robust and easy to implement. Detecting design pattern from source code of object-oriented system can help a designer, a developer or a maintainer to understand the software system. In this paper, a new method is provided which can detect design patterns from source code combining both static and dynamic analysis. To acquire the run-time dynamic information of software systems, a code instrumentation method is adopted. At the same time, all static and dynamic information is presented in UML diagrams format. The pattern detection process and its detection results are visual and interactive. This method is tested on a call center and a traffic simulation system. Experimental results prove that the method is effective in design patterns detection.

Hand-Held Surgical Instrument with the Function of Self-Locking for Minimally Invasive Surgery

In order to improve the flexibility of the surgical instruments, a wire-driven wrist-like structure is proposed in this paper. The instrument has three degrees of freedom (DOFs) of rotation, yaw, opening and closing. Furthermore, we also acknowledge no coupling motion for each DOF. Moreover, the self-locking motion contributes to sustaining joint posture under external force. A static analysis for the end effector was conducted using the ANSYS software. At the end of this paper, a series of experiments for the prototype was performed. The results revealed that for the same surgical task, the proposed instrument had higher flexibility and the completion time of the operation tasks was obviously less than that of the traditional instrument. The results of the self-locking and operating force test showed that the surgical instruments perform well in maintaining joint posture under the force of 8.2N. The proposed surgical instrument meets the requirements of minimally invasive surgery (MIS).

高质量公共政策的设计逻辑

高质量公共政策一直是行政人员和社会公众的追求与期待。政策作为人工物,是设计的产物。西方政策设计理论反思了政策过程理论和政策工具理论,认为它们过于偏重行为过程而忽略了政策内容,而政策内容才是政策的核心。然而,西方政策设计理论遗漏了以政策目标为导向的政策工具设计,也没有注意到在中国一项公共政策有多文本设计以及设计过程与政策过程相互交织的现象。基于此,论文提出,高质量公共政策的出台存在政策工具设计、过程整合设计和政策持续设计的三重设计逻辑。其中,政策工具设计是为了给不断细化的政策目标匹配高质量的具体措施,过程整合设计是将设计过程与政治过程融合以改善政策质量,而持续设计是根据多变的政策环境和多层次的政策体系不断调适政策内容。由此可见,高质量公共政策设计逻辑既是政策制定者、政策设计者与政策参与者的互动逻辑,又是科学决策、民主决策和技术决策的优化逻辑。

面向交叉创新人才培养的“人工智能+仪器分析”课程教学探索

人工智能与仪器分析技术的交叉创新与应用,对培养创新型人才提出了新的挑战。通过分析“人工智能+仪器分析”现有教学方式的不足,探索针对人工智能与仪器分析交叉领域的课程教学的解决方案,提高仪器分析专业学生掌握人工智能技术交叉创新的能力,为培养应用型和研究型创新人才提供参考。

Virtual Instrument System for Teaching Lab

Virtual Instruments, which have the most brilliant prospect in the domain of instruments, are the combination of the computers and traditional instruments. According to the constructions and the characters of the Teaching Lab Instruments, the paper introduces the principle and design of Virtual Instrument System. Meanwhile, a practical application is indicated.

授人以鱼和渔:仪器分析实验自主设计实验及思政元素融入

为适应现代教育理念及国家对创新型人才的需求,改革传统实验教学模式并激发学生的自主创新意识,在传统仪器分析实验教学基础上探索和构建以学生为主体、以创新能力培养为中心的自主设计实验教学模式。课程在夯实基础和拔高创新方面取得了平衡,同时拓展了课程思政的范畴,如以学生为中心的自主设计实验模式提升了学生学习主动性,课程高阶性、创新性显著提高,授课教师在更多方面以身作则,示范了严谨的科学态度,并倡导了积极的科学探索态度。通过自主设计实验的开展,学生的基础知识、学习兴趣、实验技能、创新能力等都得到了显著提升,建立了有效的仪器分析学习模式。

Smart Plant Instrumentation在石油石化项目中的应用

大型石油石化项目中仪表工程设计时采用传统设计手段存在工作量大、设计效率低、错误率高等问题,鹰图公司的智能仪表工程设计软件SPI(SmartPlantInstrumentation)采用甲骨文数据库(ORACLE)或微软数据库(SQLSERVER)等数据库平台可减少重复性数据错误,实现资源的共享,节省人力,并采用数字化移交模式以保证数据的完整性及设计质量一致性。SPI详细设计中有几大功能模块,包括管理模块、索引表模块、工艺参数模块、计算模块、仪表规格书模块、文档管理绑定模块、接线模块、回路图模块、安装图模块、工程数据编辑器模块等,可完成大部分仪表工程设计内容,例如生成索引表、仪表规格书、接线图、电缆表、仪表安装图等,设计界面简洁易懂且功能强大。SPI在应用中可能会遇到部分问题及解决办法:外部编辑模块(ExternalEditor)增加缓存目录解决扩展名为isf文件的打开问题;运用认证管理编辑器(LicenseManager)查看及解决认证问题。实践证明,在大型石油石化项目仪表工程设计中采用SPI软件可大幅提高设计效率及设计质量,在未来的发展中会拥有越来越重要的应用意义。

课程思政与新工科导向的“测控仪器设计”教学改革

在新一代信息技术和人工智能推动全球新一轮科技革命的浪潮下,仪器科学与技术作为支撑智能信息新技术应用发展的重要支柱,成为世界强国布局的科技制高点。在这一大背景下,为培养新时代创新型仪器人才,服务国家高精尖产业发展,将课程思政与新工科理念融入测控技术与仪器课程教学活动中。通过重新设计课程教学目标、重构教学内容、创新教学方法,实现了思政元素、仪器前沿技术与专业知识的有机结合,取得了良好的教学效果。研究成果对激发学生自由探索、主动思考、敢于创新的思维活力,唤醒学生仪器报国的使命意识和责任感具有积极作用,可为其他工学类专业课程改革提供借鉴和参考。

基于虚拟仪器的集成运放自动测试教学辅助平台设计

为降低设备故障对模拟电子技术实验教学效率的影响,基于虚拟仪器技术设计了一种集成运放自动测试教学辅助平台。利用集成化虚拟仪器实验平台NI ELVIS II进行数据传输,设计了测试电路板卡;利用Lab-VIEW软件设计了仪器面板和平台软件部分。使用集成运放μA714芯片对平台进行了测试,并在模拟电子技术的实际教学中进行了效果验证。测试和实际使用结果表明,该平台可以准确检测出故障芯片,正确率>95%;相比于未使用本平台时,师生使用本平台进行实验的准确率提升超过20%,耗时降低超过20%。

基于可拓语义与文化基因融合的蒙古族拉弦乐器设计转译研究

目的将文化基因与可拓语义概念相结合,探究蒙古族拉弦乐器的物质存在与隐含内核在现代社会语境中的应用形式和设计方法,弘扬优秀民族文化。方法分析蒙古族拉弦乐器文化基因,得出以造型、纹样、制作技艺为主的显性主导基因,以及其在发展过程融入的环境、工艺内涵等隐性嵌合基因,为可拓基元集组建提供基础;引入可拓学的基元建模方法,建立基于文化基因的基元模型,通过演绎、重构、分解、变异建立显性基因的可拓外观设计元素集,利用图解语义分析,构建隐性基因的可拓风格意象设计元素集,继而进行文化基因的表达与设计创新。结果以马头琴为例,运用可拓语义方法,对显性、隐性文化分别进行重构、图解,并设计应用的设计流程,以验证研究方法的可行性和合理性。结论将蒙古族拉弦乐器具象外观与价值内涵进行可拓语义设计转译,是对蒙古族传统文化数字化保护的探索,也为其他蒙古族乐器文化遗产的特征提取和创新应用提供了参考。

云南大型科研仪器开放共享服务绩效评价系统的构建

为提高绩效评价的准确性,提升管理单位开放共享服务效率。依据云南大型科研仪器开放共享服务平台、运用管理模型与综合优化计算法相结合,对云南大型科研仪器开放共享服务绩效评价系统构建进行探析。结果表明:系统评价指标公开透明,评价结果无人为因素干扰;系统构架和功能设计操作简易方便,适用性较强;系统测评误差低、测评效率高,绩效评价的准确性与效率得以提高。

面向新工科建设的仪器类专业数字图像处理课程思政教学案例设计与探索

该文面向新工科建设的“复旦共识”“北京指南”“天大行动”,围绕“新工科建设”和“课程思政育人”两大目标,推进仪器类专业课程思政建设,把思想政治教育贯穿到人才培养体系的全过程,引导学生自尊、自信、自立和自强,强化学生“仪器报国、仪器强国”的使命担当,厚植家国情怀,培养担当民族复兴大任的时代新人。同时探讨结合学校的办学定位、专业特色、人才培养要求,探索课程思政教学与知识教学的有机统一。针对面向仪器类本科生开设的数字图像处理课程,从教学大纲、教案、教材等方面整理补充和仪器仪表行业相关的思政教育元素,设计题材新颖、具有时代特色的仪器类思政教学案例,实现具有“专业知识-思政育人-空天报国-敢为人先”特色的课程思政育人目标,进一步落实课程思政“立德树人成效”根本标准的具体化和可操作化。

无人机仪器箱盖注射模设计

依据无人机仪器箱盖塑件的结构特点,设计一副简化型两板注射模具。模具分2次分型打开,1次顶出打开。第一次分型打开用于螺纹型芯的解锁,第二次分型打开用于塑件从型腔中的脱模,第三次顶出打开用于推板将塑件顶出而完全脱模。模具中设计了一种基于塑-钢螺纹副的主动式脱螺纹机构,能有效防止塑件螺纹脱模时损坏,同时能便于调整螺纹的起始点设置。

提高解决问题能力为目标的实验教学改革实践——以检验仪器课程为例

随着现代科技高速发展,各种用于分析或测定的现代化仪器和设备几乎覆盖了检验所有项目,掌握检验仪器工作原理和相关操作是从事检验工作的必备技能,也是学生走向实际工作岗位一个重要实践环节。而仪器在不断发展进步,充满不确定性,唯有让学生具备终身学习能力、思辨能力和解决问题的能力才能顺应时代对专业人才的要求。为此我们进行了以提高解决问题能力为目标的检验仪器实验教学改革,通过转变传统教学模式,设置开放式设计性实验、构建多元学习模式、搭建虚拟仿真实验平台、提高实验难度、统筹分配实验资源、优化考核模式等多种举措以提升学生自主学习能力,不断发现问题、解决问题,在试错中探索求真,从而达到理论与实践的融会贯通。

实物在环实时仿真教学法研究

新工科背景下,为培养学生创新实践能力,建设国家级一流本科课程,提出了一种新型的适用于电子技术基础课程的教学方法——实物在环实时仿真教学法,应用于北航数字电子技术基础课程。通过口袋仪器和实际硬件进行数字电路设计,可解决虚拟仿真的真实性问题,培养学生解决复杂工程问题的能力;通过虚拟仪器展示波形,使知识难点可视化,有助于学生更快、更深刻理解。实践表明,这种方法取得了良好的教学效果,提高了教学质量。通过该教学方法学生获得了更丰富的学习体验,培养了创新实践能力。

课程思政在《仪器分析》课程教学中的案例分析

《仪器分析》是面向化学、化工、医药、环境、材料和生命科学等化学类相关专业开设的重要的专业基础课程,应用性广、学科交叉性强。课程思政是落实立德树人根本任务、传承红色基因和培养时代新人的重要举措。《仪器分析》是课程思政的重要载体和媒介,本文以《仪器分析》理论课程为教学背景,通过深化课程目标、内容、结构和模式等方面的改革,将家国情怀、文化自信、工匠精神、开拓创新和理想信念等思政要素与仪器分析课程内容有机融合,强化教师在课程思政中的引导作用,提升学生的专业素质和道德修养,实现知识传递与价值塑造相统一,为课程思政的贯彻落实提供借鉴和参考。