Heterogeneous Task Allocation Model and Algorithm for Intelligent Connected Vehicles

With the development of vehicles towards intelligence and connectivity,vehicular data is diversifying and growing dramatically.A task allocation model and algorithm for heterogeneous Intelligent Connected Vehicle(ICV)applications are proposed for the dispersed computing network composed of heterogeneous task vehicles and Network Computing Points(NCPs).Considering the amount of task data and the idle resources of NCPs,a computing resource scheduling model for NCPs is established.Taking the heterogeneous task execution delay threshold as a constraint,the optimization problem is described as the problem of maximizing the utilization of computing resources by NCPs.The proposed problem is proven to be NP-hard by using the method of reduction to a 0-1 knapsack problem.A many-to-many matching algorithm based on resource preferences is proposed.The algorithm first establishes the mutual preference lists based on the adaptability of the task requirements and the resources provided by NCPs.This enables the filtering out of un-schedulable NCPs in the initial stage of matching,reducing the solution space dimension.To solve the matching problem between ICVs and NCPs,a new manyto-many matching algorithm is proposed to obtain a unique and stable optimal matching result.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can improve the resource utilization of NCPs by an average of 9.6%compared to the reference scheme,and the total performance can be improved by up to 15.9%.

Big Wave of the Intelligent Connected Vehicles

Internet of things is deemed as the one of the great revolution after the age of Industrial Revolution.With the development of the communication technology,more and more entities are connected to the communication network and become one of the elements in the network.Over recent decades,in the area of intelligent transportation,pedestrian and transport infrastructure are connected to the communication network to improve the driving safety and traffic efficiency which is known as the ICV(Intelligent Connected Vehicle).This paper summarizes the global ICV progresses in the past decades and the latest activities of ICV in China,and introduces various aspects regarding the recent development of the ICV,including industry development,spectrum and standard,at the same time.

Ensuring Secure Platooning of Constrained Intelligent and Connected Vehicles Against Byzantine Attacks:A Distributed MPC Framework

This study investigates resilient platoon control for constrained intelligent and connected vehicles(ICVs)against F-local Byzantine attacks.We introduce a resilient distributed model-predictive platooning control framework for such ICVs.This framework seamlessly integrates the predesigned optimal control with distributed model predictive control(DMPC)optimization and introduces a unique distributed attack detector to ensure the reliability of the transmitted information among vehicles.Notably,our strategy uses previously broadcasted information and a specialized convex set,termed the“resilience set”,to identify unreliable data.This approach significantly eases graph robustness prerequisites,requiring only an(F+1)-robust graph,in contrast to the established mean sequence reduced algorithms,which require a minimum(2F+1)-robust graph.Additionally,we introduce a verification algorithm to restore trust in vehicles under minor attacks,further reducing communication network robustness.Our analysis demonstrates the recursive feasibility of the DMPC optimization.Furthermore,the proposed method achieves exceptional control performance by minimizing the discrepancies between the DMPC control inputs and predesigned platoon control inputs,while ensuring constraint compliance and cybersecurity.Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our theoretical findings.

Design and Implementation of a Battery Big Data Platform Through Intelligent Connected Electric Vehicles

The development of a battery management algorithm is highly dependent on high-quality battery operation data,especially the data in extreme conditions such as low temperatures.The data in faults are also essential for failure and safety management research.This study developed a battery big data platform to realize vehicle operation,energy interaction and data management.First,we developed an electric vehicle with vehicle navigation and position detection and designed an environmental cabin that allows the vehicle to operate autonomously.Second,charging and heating systems based on wireless energy transfer were developed and equipped on the vehicle to investigate optimal charging and heating methods of the batteries in the vehicle.Third,the data transmission network was designed,a real-time monitoring interface was developed,and the self-developed battery management system was used to measure,collect,upload,and store battery operation data in real time.Finally,experimental validation was performed on the platform.Results demonstrate the efficiency and reliability of the platform.Battery state of charge estimation is used as an example to illustrate the availability of battery operation data.

Active lane management for intelligent connected vehicles in weaving areas of urban expressway

Purpose–This paper aims to use activefine lane management methods to solve the problem of congestion in a weaving area and provide theoretical and technical support for traffic control under the environment of intelligent connected vehicles(ICVs)in the future.Design/methodology/approach–By analyzing the traffic capacities and traffic behaviors of domestic and foreign weaving areas and combining them withfield investigation,the paper proposes the active andfine lane management methods for ICVs to optimal driving behavior in a weaving area.The VISSIM simulation of trafficflow vehicle driving behavior in weaving areas of urban expressways was performed using research data.The influence of lane-changing in advance on the weaving area was evaluated and a conflict avoidance area was established in the weaving area.The activefine lane management methods applied to a weaving area were verified for different scenarios.Findings–The results of the study indicate that ICVs complete their lane changes before they reach a weaving area,their time in the weaving area does not exceed the specified time and the delay of vehicles that pass through the weaving area decreases.Originality/value–Based on the vehicle group behavior,this paper conducts a simulation study on the active traffic management control-oriented to ICVs.The research results can optimize the management of lanes,improve the traffic capacity of a weaving area and mitigate traffic congestion on expressways.

Cloud Control System Architectures,Technologies and Applications on Intelligent and Connected Vehicles:a Review

The electrification of vehicle helps to improve its operation efficiency and safety.Due to fast development of network,sensors,as well as computing technology,it becomes realizable to have vehicles driving autonomously.To achieve autonomous driving,several steps,including environment perception,path-planning,and dynamic control,need to be done.However,vehicles equipped with on-board sensors still have limitations in acquiring necessary environmental data for optimal driving decisions.Intelligent and connected vehicles(ICV)cloud control system(CCS)has been introduced as a new concept as it is a potentially synthetic solution for high level automated driving to improve safety and optimize traffic flow in intelligent transportation.This paper systematically investigated the concept of cloud control system from cloud related applications on ICVs,and cloud control system architecture design,as well as its core technologies development.Based on the analysis,the challenges and suggestions on cloud control system development have been addressed.

Service Caching and Task Offloading for Mobile Edge Computing-Enabled Intelligent Connected Vehicles

The development of intelligent connected vehicles(ICVs)has tremendously inspired the emergence of a new computing paradigm called mobile edge computing(MEC),which meets the demands of delay-sensitive on-vehicle applications.Most existing studies focusing on the issue of task offloading in ICVs assume that the MEC server can directly complete computation tasks without considering the necessity of service caching.However,this is unrealistic in practice because a large number of tasks require the use of corresponding third-party libraries and databases,that is,service caching.Therefore,we investigate the delay optimization in an MEC-enabled ICVs system with multiple mobile vehicles,resource-limited base stations(BSs),and one cloud server.We aim to determine the optimal service caching and task offloading decisions to minimize the overall system delay using mixed-integer nonlinear programming.To address this problem,we first convert it into a quadratically constrained quadratic program and then propose an efficient semidefinite relaxation-based joint service caching and task offloading(JSCTO)algorithm to obtain the service caching and task offloading decisions.In the simulations,we validate the efficiency of our proposed method by setting different numbers of vehicles and the storage capacity of BSs.The results show that our proposed JSCTO algorithm can significantly decrease the total delay of all offloaded tasks compared with the cloud processing only scheme.

Intelligent and connected vehicles： Current status and future perspectives

Intelligent connected vehicles(ICVs) are believed to change people's life in the near future by making the transportation safer,cleaner and more comfortable. Although many prototypes of ICVs have been developed to prove the concept of autonomous driving and the feasibility of improving traffic efficiency, there still exists a significant gap before achieving mass production of high-level ICVs. The objective of this study is to present an overview of both the state of the art and future perspectives of key technologies that are needed for future ICVs. It is a challenging task to review all related works and predict their future perspectives, especially for such a complex and interdisciplinary area of research. This article is organized to overview the ICV key technologies by answering three questions: what are the milestones in the history of ICVs; what are the electronic components needed for building an ICV platform; and what are the essential algorithms to enable intelligent driving? To answer the first question, the article has reviewed the history and the development milestones of ICVs. For the second question, the recent technology advances in electrical/electronic architecture, sensors, and actuators are presented. For the third question, the article focuses on the algorithms in decision making, as the perception and control algorithm are covered in the development of sensors and actuators. To achieve correct decision-making, there exist two different approaches: the principle-based approach and data-driven approach. The advantages and limitations of both approaches are explained and analyzed. Currently automotive engineers are concerned more with the vehicle platform technology, whereas the academic researchers prefer to focus on theoretical algorithms. However, only by incorporating elements from both worlds can we accelerate the production of high-level ICVs.

Analysis on the development status of intelligent and connected vehicle test site

With the development of automobile intelligence and connectivity,Intelligent and Connected Vehicle(ICV)is an inevitable trend in the transformation and upgrading of the automotive industry.The maturity of any advanced technology is inseparable from a large number of test verifications,especially the research and application of automotive technology require a large number of reliable tests for evaluation and confirmation.Therefore,the ICV Test Site(ICVTS)will become a key deployment area.In this paper,we analyze the development status of ICVTS outside and within China,summarize the shortcomings of the existing test sites,and put forward some targeted suggestions,in an effort to guide the development and construction of ICVTS towards the path that seems to be most promising.

A Review and Outlook on Predictive Cruise Control of Vehicles and Typical Applications Under Cloud Control System

With the application of mobile communication technology in the automotive industry,intelligent connected vehicles equipped with communication and sensing devices have been rapidly promoted.The road and traffic information perceived by intelligent vehicles has important potential application value,especially for improving the energy-saving and safe-driving of vehicles as well as the efficient operation of traffic.Therefore,a type of vehicle control technology called predictive cruise control(PCC)has become a hot research topic.It fully taps the perceived or predicted environmental information to carry out predictive cruise control of vehicles and improves the comprehensive performance of the vehicle-road system.Most existing reviews focus on the economical driving of vehicles,but few scholars have conducted a comprehensive survey of PCC from theory to the status quo.In this paper,the methods and advances of PCC technologies are reviewed comprehensively by investigating the global literature,and typical applications under a cloud control system(CCS)are proposed.Firstly,the methodology of PCC is generally introduced.Then according to typical scenarios,the PCC-related research is deeply surveyed,including freeway and urban traffic scenarios involving traditional vehicles,new energy vehicles,intelligent vehicles,and multi-vehicle platoons.Finally,the general architecture and three typical applications of the cloud control system(CCS)on PCC are briefly introduced,and the prospect and future trends of PCC are proposed.

A review of China's automotive industry policy:Recent developments and future trends

To promote the improvement and development of China's automotive industry policy,this study conducts a systematic review and hierarchical analysis of both domestic and international automotive industry policies.First,the automotive industry policies of the United States,Germany,South Korea,and Japan are summarized in terms of their industrial structure adjustment,technological innovation,taxes and financial subsidies,and infrastructure construction.Benchmarking the policies of international automotive industry powers provides a reference and basis for integrating their experiences in the formulation of China's automotive industry policy.Second,beginning with China's“Automotive Industry Policy”issued in 1994,the key automotive industry policies at different points in history and under different strategies are analyzed.Through policy adjustment and target setting,the changing focus through the historical development of China's automotive industry is determined,along with the development of the industry and technological progress.Then,from the perspectives of strategic planning,promotion and application,credit management,infrastructure,management standards,and standard systems,the advantages and disadvantages of current development policies for new energy and intelligent connected vehicles are clarified.The challenges and limitations of China's automotive industry policy are summarized,including a lack of investment in technology research and development,low level of infrastructure support,and insufficient consumer protection.China's automotive industry policy is then into three different historical stages:i)1994 to 2008,ii)2009 to 2013,and iii)2014 to present;and the characteristics of each stage are summarized.Finally,based on China's national conditions and considering the future development trends of the international automotive industry,the study concludes that under the strong drivers of carbon peak and neutrality goals,China's future automotive industry policy should feature energy saving and emission reduction as the main goals.Independent innovation should be the main enabler,strengthening and supplementing the supply chain through intelligent connectivity.