Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has emerged as the major cause of chronic liver injury.Intestinal barrier plays an important role in the pathogenis of NAFLD.The aim of this article was to assess ...Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has emerged as the major cause of chronic liver injury.Intestinal barrier plays an important role in the pathogenis of NAFLD.The aim of this article was to assess intestinal immune barrier function during the development of NAFLD.Methods Totally 60 male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were divided into 2 groups：normal diet （ND） group and high-fat diet （HFD） group.NAFLD rat model was established in the HFD rat group.Portal blood endotoxin level was assessed by limulus test.The percentage of CD4＋ cells and CD8＋ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） and lymphocytes in Peyer＇s patches （PP） were analysed by flow cytometry.Intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A （SIgA） level was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Paired Student＇s t test was used for the statistic analysis.Results HFD rats presented with simple steatosis at the 4th and 8th week and progressed to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis at the 12th week.Elevated lipopolysaccharides （LPS） level in HFD rats was observed at the 8th week （（1.54±0.30） times of ND group,P 〈0.01）.CD4/CD8 ratios in PBMC and PP of HFD rats were increased at the 4th week （（1.50±0.47） and （1.63±0.34） times of ND group,P 〈0.05） and decreased at the 8th week （（0.50±0.16） and （0.61±0.26）times of ND group,P 〈0.05）.At the 12th week,CD4/CD8 ratio （（1.47±0.46） times,P 〈0.05） in PP increased to levels observed in the 4th week.Intestinal SIgA expression of HFD rats was remarkably up-regulated at 12th week （（2.70±1.65）times,P 〈0.05）.Conclusion Liver-gut axis in rats with NAFLD may mediate and improve intestinal immune function by increased CD4/CD8 ratio in PP and increased production of SIgA.展开更多
Disturbance of the inflammatory response in the gut is important in several clinical diseases ranging from inflmmatory bowel disease to postoperative ileus. Several feedback mechanisms exist that control the inflammat...Disturbance of the inflammatory response in the gut is important in several clinical diseases ranging from inflmmatory bowel disease to postoperative ileus. Several feedback mechanisms exist that control the inflammatory cascade and avoid collateral damage. In the gast rointestinal tract, it is of particular importance tocontrol the immune response to maintain the balance that allows dietary up take and utilization of nutrientson one hand, while preventing invasion of bacteria and toxins on the other hand. The process of digestion and absorption of nutrients requires a relative hyporesponsiveness of the immune cells in the gut to luminacontents which is not yet fully understood. Recentlythe autonomic nervous system has been identifi ed asan important pathway to control local and systemic inflammation and gut barrier integrity. Activation of thepathway is possible via electrical or via pharm acological interventions, but is also achieved in a physiologicamanner by ingestion of dietary lipids. Administration of dietary lipids has been shown to be very effectivein reducing the inflammatory cascade and maintaining intestinal barrier integrity in several experimental studies. This beneficial effect of nutrition on the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier integrity opens new therapeutic opportunities for treatment of certain gastrointestinal disorders. Furthermore, this neural feedback mechanism provides more insight in the relative hyporesponsiveness of the immune cells in the gut. Here, we will discuss the regulatory function of the autonomic nervous system on the inflammatory response and gut barrier function and the potential benefit in a clinical setting.展开更多
文摘Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） has emerged as the major cause of chronic liver injury.Intestinal barrier plays an important role in the pathogenis of NAFLD.The aim of this article was to assess intestinal immune barrier function during the development of NAFLD.Methods Totally 60 male Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were divided into 2 groups：normal diet （ND） group and high-fat diet （HFD） group.NAFLD rat model was established in the HFD rat group.Portal blood endotoxin level was assessed by limulus test.The percentage of CD4＋ cells and CD8＋ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC） and lymphocytes in Peyer＇s patches （PP） were analysed by flow cytometry.Intestinal secretory immunoglobulin A （SIgA） level was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Paired Student＇s t test was used for the statistic analysis.Results HFD rats presented with simple steatosis at the 4th and 8th week and progressed to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis at the 12th week.Elevated lipopolysaccharides （LPS） level in HFD rats was observed at the 8th week （（1.54±0.30） times of ND group,P 〈0.01）.CD4/CD8 ratios in PBMC and PP of HFD rats were increased at the 4th week （（1.50±0.47） and （1.63±0.34） times of ND group,P 〈0.05） and decreased at the 8th week （（0.50±0.16） and （0.61±0.26）times of ND group,P 〈0.05）.At the 12th week,CD4/CD8 ratio （（1.47±0.46） times,P 〈0.05） in PP increased to levels observed in the 4th week.Intestinal SIgA expression of HFD rats was remarkably up-regulated at 12th week （（2.70±1.65）times,P 〈0.05）.Conclusion Liver-gut axis in rats with NAFLD may mediate and improve intestinal immune function by increased CD4/CD8 ratio in PP and increased production of SIgA.
文摘Disturbance of the inflammatory response in the gut is important in several clinical diseases ranging from inflmmatory bowel disease to postoperative ileus. Several feedback mechanisms exist that control the inflammatory cascade and avoid collateral damage. In the gast rointestinal tract, it is of particular importance tocontrol the immune response to maintain the balance that allows dietary up take and utilization of nutrientson one hand, while preventing invasion of bacteria and toxins on the other hand. The process of digestion and absorption of nutrients requires a relative hyporesponsiveness of the immune cells in the gut to luminacontents which is not yet fully understood. Recentlythe autonomic nervous system has been identifi ed asan important pathway to control local and systemic inflammation and gut barrier integrity. Activation of thepathway is possible via electrical or via pharm acological interventions, but is also achieved in a physiologicamanner by ingestion of dietary lipids. Administration of dietary lipids has been shown to be very effectivein reducing the inflammatory cascade and maintaining intestinal barrier integrity in several experimental studies. This beneficial effect of nutrition on the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier integrity opens new therapeutic opportunities for treatment of certain gastrointestinal disorders. Furthermore, this neural feedback mechanism provides more insight in the relative hyporesponsiveness of the immune cells in the gut. Here, we will discuss the regulatory function of the autonomic nervous system on the inflammatory response and gut barrier function and the potential benefit in a clinical setting.
