Comparison of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy using an endoscopic linear stapler with laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy using a circular stapler in patients with gastric cancer: a single-center experience

AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy(TLTG) with esophagojejunostomy using a linear stapler compared with laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy(LATG) using a circular stapler in gastric cancer patients.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 687 patients who underwent laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer at a single institution from August 2008 to August 2014. The patients were divided into two groups according to the type of operation: 421 patients underwent TLTG and 266 underwent LATG. Clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical outcomes in the two groups were compared and analyzed.RESULTS The TLTG group had higher mean ages at the time of operation(57.78 ± 11.20 years and 55.69 ± 11.96 years,P = 0.020) and more histories of abdominal surgery(20.2% and 12.4%,P = 0.008) compared with the LATG group. Surgical outcomes such as intraoperative and postoperative transfusions,combined operations,pain scores and administration of analgesics,and complications were similar between the two groups. However,compared with the LATG group,the TLTG group required a shorter operation time(149 min vs 170 min,P < 0.001),had lower postoperative hematocrit change(3.49% vs 4.04%,P = 0.002),less intraoperative events(3.1% vs 10.2%,P < 0.001),less intraoperative anastomosis events(2.4% vs 7.1%,P = 0.003),faster postoperative recovery such as median time to first flatus(3.30 d vs 3.60 d,P < 0.001),faster median commencement of soft diet(4.30 d vs 4.60 d,P < 0.001) and shorter length of postoperative hospital stay(6.75 d vs 7.02 d,P = 0.005). CONCLUSION The intracorporeal method for reconstruction of esophagojejunostomy using a linear stapler may be considered a feasible procedure comparing with extracorporeal anastomosis using circular stapler because TLTG is simpler and more straightforward than LATG. Therefore,TLTG can be recommended as an appropriate procedure for gastric cancer.

Laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy for distal gastric cancer

A 48-year-old female patient was diagnosed with a superficial depressed type early gastric cancer （type IIc） of 1.0 cm at the gastric angle as indicated by gastroscopy. Laparoscopic-assisted greater omentumpreserving D2 radical gastrectomy was performed in combination with Billroth I reconstruction under general anesthesia for the distal gastric cancer on April 5, 2013. The postoperative recovery was satisfying without complications. The patient was discharged seven days after surgery.

Ileo-ileal intussusception caused by lymphangioma of the small bowel treated by single-incision laparoscopic-assisted ileal resection

Intraabdominal lymphangiomas are uncommon;additionally,those affecting the gastrointestinal tract are rare and account for less than 1%of cases.Intussusception caused by a cystic lymphangioma of the small bowel is extremely rare.The patient was a20-year-old woman who visited our emergency room with a complaint of abdominal pain.A computed tomography image revealed ileo-ileal intussusception with a leading hypovascular mass measuring 1 cm in a diameter.Single-incision laparoscopic-assisted ileal resection was performed.The surgical specimen consisted of a soft polycystic mass.Macroscopically,a pedunculated polyp with a convolutional pattern was found.Microscopically,the inner surfaces of the cysts were covered with a single layer of endothelial cells.On immunohistochemical examination,the endothelial cells were partially positive for D2-40 and CD34.Smooth muscle cells were also found around the cysts.The lesion was diagnosed as a cystic lymphangioma.Dozens of cases of small bowel lymphangiomas have previously been reported.Of these,cases with intussusception were very rare.This is the first case of small bowel intussusception due to lymphangioma treated by singleincision laparoscopic-assisted surgery.

Efficacy of totally laparoscopic compared with laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy is currently the most common surgical approach for gastric cancer.The main difference between totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy(TLTG)and laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy(LATG)is the route of digestive tract reconstruction.However,TLTG is currently not widespread as the safety and feasibility of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy is uncertain.AIM To compare the short-term efficacy of TLTG and LATG for radical gastrectomy of gastric cancer,and to determine the safety and feasibility of intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy.METHODS PubMed,EMBASE,and Web of Science databases were searched for all relevant articles regarding TLTG vs LATG for gastric cancer published up to October 1,2019.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were established.All the basic conditions of patients and important clinical data related to surgery were extracted,and a meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS Eight studies involving a total of 1883 cases(869 cases in the TLTG group and 1014 cases in the LATG group)were included.Compared with the LATG group,reduced intraoperative blood loss(weighted mean difference=-35.37,95%CI:-61.69--9.06,P=0.008)and a larger number of retrieved lymph nodes(weighted mean difference=3.11,95%CI:-2.60-12.00,P=0.01)were found in the TLTG group.There were no significant differences in operating time,anastomotic time,tumor size,proximal resection margin length,postoperative pain score,time to first flatus,time to first oral intake,postoperative hospital stay,postoperative anastomosis-related complication rate and overall complication rate between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy is safe and feasible.TLTG has the advantages of being minimally invasive,reduced intraoperative blood loss and easier access to lymph nodes compared with LATG.Totally laparoscopic gastrectomy is likely to be the surgical trend for gastric cancer in the future.

Laparoscopic-assisted vs open transhiatal gastrectomy for Siewert type Ⅱ adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND The studies of laparoscopic-assisted transhiatal gastrectomy(LTG) in patients with Siewert type Ⅱ adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction(AEG) are scarce.AIM To compare the surgical efficiency of LTG with the open transhiatal gastrectomy(OTG) for patients with Siewert type Ⅱ AEG.METHODS We retrospectively evaluated a total of 578 patients with Siewert type Ⅱ AEG who have undergone LTG or OTG at the First Medical Center of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019. The short-term and long-term outcomes were compared between the LTG(n = 382) and OTG(n = 196) groups.RESULTS Compared with the OTG group, the LTG group had a longer operative time but less blood loss, shorter length of abdominal incision and an increased number of harvested lymph nodes(P < 0.05). Patients in the LTG group were able to eat liquid food, ambulate, expel flatus and discharge sooner than the OTG group(P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in postoperative complications and R0 resection. The 3-year overall survival and disease-free survival performed better in the LTG group compared with that in the OTG group(88.2% vs 79.2%, P = 0.011;79.7% vs 73.0%, P = 0.002, respectively). In the stratified analysis, both overall survival and disease-free survival were better in the LTG group than those in the OTG group for stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ patients(P < 0.05) but not for stage I patients.CONCLUSION For patients with Siewert type Ⅱ AEG, LTG is associated with better short-term outcomes and similar oncology safety. In addition, patients with advanced stage AEG may benefit more from LTG in the long-term outcomes.

Observation on the Therapeutic Effect and Complication Rate of Totally Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy and Laparoscopic-Assisted Total Gastrectomy in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect and complication rate of totally laparoscopic and laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy in the treatment of gastric cancer.Methods:From March 2019 to July 2021,60 patients with gastric cancer were selected as the subjects in this study;the patients in group A underwent laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy,whereas those in group B underwent totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy;the treatment effect and complication rate were compared between the two groups.Results:The postoperative recovery of group B was significantly better than that of group A,and the postoperative complications(10.00%)of group B were significantly lower than that of group A(33.33%)(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with gastric cancer,totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy has better therapeutic effect and lower postoperative complications,which is worthy of popularization.

Direct Instruction by an Experienced Surgeon Can Shorten the Learning Curve for Laparoscopic-Assisted Distal Gastrectomy

Aim: Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with regional lymph node dissection is a treatment option for patient with early gastric cancer. However, LADG is a technically complex and advanced procedure, which is challenging for inexperienced surgeons. In this report, we retrospectively evaluated the learning curve for LADG of a single surgeon with no previous experience in LADG and the usefulness of direct instruction by a surgeon experienced in LADG in shortening the learning curve. Patients and Methods: This study was analyzed 80 consecutive patients, who underwent LADG by a single surgeon (first assistant in 10 cases and operator in 70 cases) between January 2008 and December 2012. Patients were divided into 3 sequential groups of 10 (training period), 30 (learning period), and 40 (operating period) cases in each group. Median operation time and estimated blood loss for these 3 groups were determined. Other learning indicators, including transfusion requirement, postoperative complications, number of lymph node harvested, and rate of conversion open gastrectomy, were also evaluated. Results: During the training period, median operation time and estimated blood loss were 219.5 min and 83.0 ml, respectively. During the learning period, the operation time was significantly longer than that of training period. In the operating period, the operation time was significantly lesser than that during the learning period. However, the operation time was not different from that during the training period and reached a plateau. The estimated blood loss during the operating period was significantly lesser than that during the learning period. The difference in the number of lymph nodes retrieved between each group was not significant. Conclusions: Direct instructions by an experienced surgeon can decrease the number of cases required for learning. Because LADG is technically more complex than other laparoscopic procedures, standardization of LADG and an effective training system for performing it should be established.

3D laparoscopic-assisted vs open gastrectomy for carcinoma in the remnant stomach: A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Three-dimensional(3D) laparoscopic technique has gradually been applied to the treatment of carcinoma in the remnant stomach(CRS), but its clinical efficacy remains controversial.AIM To compare the short-term and long-term results of 3D laparoscopic-assisted gastrectomy(3DLAG) with open gastrectomy(OG) for CRS.METHODS The clinical data of patients diagnosed with CRS and admitted to the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2016 to January 2021 were retrospectively collected. A total of 84 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. All their clinical data were collected and a database was established. All patients were treated with 3DLAG or OG by experienced surgeons and were divided into two groups based on the different surgical methods mentioned above. By using outpatient and telephone follow-up,we were able to determine postoperative survival and tumor status. The postoperative short-term efficacy and 1-year and 3-year overall survival(OS) rates were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Among 84 patients with CRS, 48 were treated with OG and 36 with 3DLAG. All patients successfully completed surgery. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, body mass index, ASA score,initial disease state(benign or malignant), primary surgical anastomosis method,interval time of carcinogenesis, and tumorigenesis site. Patients in the 3DLAG group experienced less intraoperative blood loss(188.33 ± 191.35 mL vs 305.83 ± 303.66 mL;P =0.045) and smaller incision(10.86 ± 3.18 cm vs 20.06 ± 5.17 cm;P < 0.001) than those in the OG group. 3DLAGC was a more minimally invasive method. 3DLAGC retrieved significantly more lymph nodes than OG(14.0 ± 7.17 vs 10.73 ± 6.82;P = 0.036), whereas the number of positive lymph nodes did not differ between the two groups(1.56 ± 2.84 vs 2.35 ± 5.28;P = 0.413). The complication rate(8.3% vs 20.8%;P = 0.207) and intensive care unit admission rate(5.6% vs 14.5%;P = 0.372) were equivalent between the two groups. In terms of postoperative recovery, the 3DLAGC group had a lower visual analog score, shorter indwelling time of gastric and drainage tubes, shorter time of early off-bed motivation, shorter time of postoperative initial flatus and initial soft diet intake, shorter postoperative hospital stay and total hospital stay, and there were significant differences, showing better short-term efficacy. The 1-year and 3-year OS rates of OG group were 83.2% [95% confidence interval(CI): 72.4%-95.6%] and 73.3%(95%CI: 60.0%-89.5%)respectively. The 1-year and 3-year OS rates of the 3DLAG group were 87.3%(95%CI: 76.4%-99.8%) and 75.6%(95%CI: 59.0%-97.0%), respectively. However, the 1-year and 3-year OS rates were similar between the two groups, which suggested that long-term survival results were comparable between the two groups(P = 0.68).CONCLUSION Compared with OG, 3DLAG for CRS achieved better short-term efficacy and equivalent oncological results without increasing clinical complications. 3DLAG for CRS can be promoted safely and effectively in selected patients.

腹腔镜辅助下肛门成形术治疗先天性中高位肛门闭锁的效果及对创伤反应、排便功能的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下肛门成形术(LAARP)治疗先天性中高位肛门闭锁的效果及对创伤反应、排便功能的影响。方法选择2016年4月至2020年6月我院收治的84例先天性中高位肛门闭锁患儿为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各42例。对照组接受传统Pena术治疗,观察组接受LAARP治疗。比较两组的治疗效果。结果观察组的术中出血量少于对照组,手术时间、住院时间短于对照组,术后24 h新生儿疼痛量表(NIPS)评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前,两组的皮质醇(Cor)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后24 h,观察组的Cor、CRP、CRH、ACTH水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的术后并发症总发生率为4.76%,低于对照组的21.43%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后12个月的排便功能恢复优良率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论LAARP治疗先天性中高位肛门闭锁可缓解机体创伤反应及术后疼痛程度,降低术后并发症发生率,促进排便功能恢复,值得推广。

Perioperative outcomes of transvaginal specimen extraction laparoscopic total gastrectomy and conventional laparoscopicassisted total gastrectomy

BACKGROUND Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES)has emerged as a promising alternative compared to conventional laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy(LATG)for treating gastric cancer(GC).However,evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of NOSES for GC surgery is limited.This study aimed to compare the safety and feasibility,in addition to postoperative complications of NOSES and LATG.METHODS Dual circular staplers were used in Roux-en-Y digestive tract reconstruction for transvaginal specimen extraction LATG,and its outcomes were compared with LATG in a cohort of 51 GC patients with tumor size≤5 cm.The study was conducted from May 2018 to September 2020,and patients were categorized into the NOSES group(n=22)and LATG group(n=29).Perioperative parameters were compared and analyzed,including patient and tumor characteristics,postoperative outcomes,and anastomosis-related complications,postoperative hospital stay,the length of abdominal incision,difference in tumor type,postoperative complications,and postoperative survival.RESULTS Postoperative exhaust time,operation duration,mean postoperative hospital stay,length of abdominal incision,number of specific staplers used,and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire score were significant in both groups(P<0.01).In the NOSES group,the postoperative time to first flatus,mean postoperative hospital stay,and length of abdominal incision were significantly shorter than those in the LATG group.Patients in the NOSES group had faster postoperative recovery,and achieved abdominal minimally invasive incision that met aesthetic requirements.There were no significant differences in gender,age,tumor type,postoperative complications,and postoperative survival between the two groups.CONCLUSION The application of dual circular staplers in Roux-en-Y digestive tract reconstruction combined with NOSES gastrectomy is safe and convenient.This approach offers better short-term outcomes compared to LATG,while long-term survival rates are comparable to those of conventional laparoscopic surgery.

Lung ultrasound score evaluation of the effect of pressure-controlled ventilation volume-guaranteed on patients undergoing laparoscopicassisted radical gastrectomy

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic-assisted radical gastrectomy(LARG)is the standard treatment for early-stage gastric carcinoma(GC).However,the negative impact of this proce-dure on respiratory function requires the optimized intraoperative management of patients in terms of ventilation.AIM To investigate the influence of pressure-controlled ventilation volume-guaranteed(PCV-VG)and volume-controlled ventilation(VCV)on blood gas analysis and pulmonary ventilation in patients undergoing LARG for GC based on the lung ultrasound score(LUS).METHODS The study included 103 patients with GC undergoing LARG from May 2020 to May 2023,with 52 cases undergoing PCV-VG(research group)and 51 cases undergoing VCV(control group).LUS were recorded at the time of entering the operating room(T0),20 minutes after anesthesia with endotracheal intubation(T1),30 minutes after artificial pneumoperitoneum(PP)establishment(T2),and 15 minutes after endotracheal tube removal(T5).For blood gas analysis,arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO_(2))and partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO_(2))were observed.Peak airway pressure(P_(peak)),plateau pressure(Pplat),mean airway pressure(P_(mean)),and dynamic pulmonary compliance(C_(dyn))were recorded at T1 and T2,1 hour after PP establishment(T3),and at the end of the operation(T4).Postoperative pulmonary complications(PPCs)were recorded.Pre-and postoperative serum interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Compared with those at T0,the whole,anterior,lateral,posterior,upper,lower,left,and right lung LUS of the research group were significantly reduced at T1,T2,and T5;in the control group,the LUS of the whole and partial lung regions(posterior,lower,and right lung)decreased significantly at T2,while at T5,the LUS of the whole and some regions(lateral,lower,and left lung)increased significantly.In comparison with the control group,the whole and regional LUS of the research group were reduced at T1,T2,and T5,with an increase in PaO_(2),decrease in PaCO_(2),reduction in P_(peak) at T1 to T4,increase in P_(mean) and C_(dyn),and decrease in Pplat at T4,all significant.The research group showed a significantly lower incidence of PPCs than the control group within 3 days postoperatively.Postoperative IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-αsignificantly increased in both groups,with even higher levels in the control group.CONCLUSION LUS can indicate intraoperative non-uniformity and postural changes in pulmonary ventilation under PCV-VG and VCV.Under the lung protective ventilation strategy,the PCV-VG mode more significantly improved intraop-erative lung ventilation in patients undergoing LARG for GC and reduced lung injury-related cytokine production,thereby alleviating lung injury.

前矢状入路治疗肛门直肠畸形48例

目的 探讨前矢状入路肛门直肠成形术（ASAPR）的临床价值并对其远期疗效进行评价。方法 采用ASAPR治疗肛门直肠畸形48例，主要手术方法包括充分保留直肠末端的瘘管结构，保证直肠末端从由耻骨直肠肌、肛门外括约肌组成的横纹肌复合体中心拖下，会阴皮瓣的应用。结果 随访4．1～12年，平均6．0±0．6年，高、中、低位畸形中肛门功能良好率分别是46％、80％、100％，肛门功能高位畸形优良率明显低于中、低位畸形（P〈0.005）。结论 本方法能直视下恢复耻骨直肠肌与肛门外括约肌的解剖关系，并能将直肠末端从横纹肌复合体中心拖下，随访效果满意，是治疗肛门直肠畸形的一种可选择的方法。

瘘管直肠原位游离后移直肠肛门成形术治疗无肛前庭瘘

目的评价瘘管直肠原位游离后移直肠肛门成形术治疗先天性无肛前庭瘘的效果。方法分析在南京医科大学附属儿童医院采取一期瘘管直肠原位游离后移直肠肛门成形术治疗先天性无肛前庭瘘患儿的临床资料,评价该术式的并发症、会阴体外观和控便功能。结果1992-2017年共治疗先天性无肛前庭瘘患儿483例。①手术年龄为(108±35)d,手术时间为(59±16)min,所有患儿痊愈出院。②术后短期并发症情况:新成形肛门感染5例,前庭瘘口修补处感染12例,直肠回缩3例,无瘘管复发和新瘘形成,肛门狭窄2例,直肠穿孔1例。③术后会阴体外观及肛门功能评价:共获得随访的251例患儿中有2级及以上便秘10例,2级及以上污粪3例。其中3岁及以上获得随访患儿达166例,无黏膜脱垂病例,获得较好控便功能评分,会阴体长度较为理想;完成直肠测压检查者102例,其中直肠肛门抑制反射阳性率50%,肛管高压区长度:(15.2±4.2)mm,术后肛管静息压:(46±22)mmHg;完成钡剂灌肠造影检查者95例,均显示直肠肛管角存在,直肠肛管角(108.7±8.3)^。。3岁以内获得随访患儿85例,有2例患儿黏膜脱垂,暂未行手术切除;随访时行肛门指检可及对称性收缩和裹指感。结论瘘管直肠原位游离后移直肠肛门成形术治疗先天性无肛前庭瘘,无内外括约肌、肛提肌及会阴体分离切开,最大限度减少括约肌损伤,会阴部外观及控便功能满意。

腹腔镜技术在小儿肛门闭锁中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下先天性高位、中位肛门闭锁患儿手术的可行性。方法 6例先天性高位、中位肛门闭锁患儿,均在腹腔镜监视下游离出直肠盲端及瘘管,切断瘘管,腹腔镜下修补尿瘘或阴道瘘。电刺激找到盆底肌肉中心点,做成一隧道,将直肠盲端从此隧道内拖出,与肛穴缘皮肤吻合。结果 6例均在腹腔镜辅助下完成直肠肛门成形术。腹腔镜手术操作时间35～74 min(平均46.5 min),术中出血量<15 ml,住院时间10～18 d(平均14.5 d)。无并发症发生。术后随访6～12个月,无肛门失禁、直肠后间隙感染等并发症,均能够正常排便。肛门功能评分优4例,良2例。结论腹腔镜辅助下直肠肛门成形术是一种安全、有效的方法,处理瘘管方便,辨认盆底肌中心准确,手术后可获得良好的排便功能,具有创伤小、恢复快、疗效优等特点。

腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术治疗中高位先天性肛门闭锁的临床价值

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术治疗中高位先天性肛门闭锁的临床价值.方法选取2011年10月至2014年12月于广西医科大学第八附属医院进行腹腔镜辅助三期肛门成形术治疗的18例中、高位先天性肛门闭锁患儿为观察组,随机选择2005年10月至2014年12月的18例进行三期后矢状入路肛门成形术治疗的患儿为对照组,然后将2组患者的出血量、住院时间及关瘘治疗后不同时间的肛门功能评分、直肠肛管测压结果进行比较.结果观察组的出血量及住院时间均好于对照组,关瘘治疗后不同时间的肛门功能评分及直肠肛管测压结果也均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术治疗中高位先天性肛门闭锁的安全、可靠,临床应用价值高,有广阔的应用前景.

远端乙状结肠造瘘术后腹腔镜辅助二期肛门成形术治疗先天性肛门闭锁的疗效评价

目的探讨远端结肠造瘘术后腹腔镜辅助二期肛门成形术治疗先天性肛门闭锁的术后疗效。方法将我院2008年10月~2014年10月10例新生儿期在外院行远端结肠造瘘术的中高位肛门闭锁患儿,二期在我院行腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术设为A组,10例合并直肠尿道瘘,2例合并双侧输尿管膀胱返流,术中游离远端结肠,合并尿道瘘者于瘘管颈部缝扎后离断直肠尿道瘘管,远端结肠下托至肛门口有张力,将远端结肠切除行近端结肠拖出成形肛门。选择2008年6月~2014年6月20例中高位肛门闭锁行经典三期手术（造瘘-腹腔镜辅助下直肠拖出肛门成形术-关瘘）设为B组作为对照,比较2组术后肛肠测压指标,术后1年肛周肌群厚度和Kelly评分。结果 A组随访12~60个月,（35±6）个月;B组随访15~60个月,（46±4）个月。2组肛门直肠组织的形态无明显差异。A、B组肛管静息压分别为（25.85±3.68）、（26.93±4.54）mm Hg,无统计学差异（t=-0.651,P=0.520）;A组最大收缩压（35.90±8.44）、B组（41.14±9.60）mm Hg,无统计学差异（t=-1.464,P=0.154）;2组肛管持续收缩长度分别为（12.53±0.75）、（12.67±0.78）mm,无统计学差异（t=-0.469,P=0.643）;2组直肠内超声观察肛门外括约肌、耻骨直肠肌的厚度分别为（1.93±0.36）、（2.12±0.43）mm,无统计学差异（t=-1.200,P=0.240）;2组肛门排便功能的Kelly评分比较无显著统计学差异（Z=-0.334,P=0.738）。结论远端结肠造瘘术后腹腔镜辅助二期肛门成形术治疗先天性肛门闭锁的疗效与经典三期手术相仿,而且方便患儿护理、缩短疗程,可以作为中高位肛门闭锁的手术选择。

腹腔镜辅助下一期肛门成形术治疗中、高位先天性肛门闭锁的疗效

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助下一期肛门成形术治疗中、高位先天性肛门闭锁的疗效。方法将40例中、高位生天性肛门闭锁患儿按手术方式不同分为2组:进行后矢状入路肛门成形术(posterior sagittal anorectoplasty,PSARP)20例(对照组);观察组20例行腹腔镜辅助下一期肛门成形术。分别从出血量、手术时间、术后并发症、肛门功能等方面将2组临床数据进行比较、分析。结果各项指标中,观察组均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与传统PSARP术治疗中、高位先天性肛门闭锁相比,腹腔镜辅助下一期肛门成形术创伤小,恢复快,费用低,术后并发症少,肛门功能恢复良好。

经肛穴肛门成形术治疗女婴肛门闭锁直肠前庭瘘的效果

目的:探索经肛穴肛门成形术(TAARP)治疗女婴肛门闭锁直肠前庭瘘的临床价值。方法:回顾性分析61例肛门闭锁直肠前庭瘘女婴的临床资料,年龄均小于半岁。26例接受TAARP,35例接受前矢状入路肛门成形术(ASARP)。记录术后会阴体愈合、并发症发生情况;术后2a根据Krickenbeck国际评分评估患儿排便功能。结果:两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),TAARP组术后住院时间短于ASARP组(P=0.018)。TAARP组术后会阴体均顺利恢复正常外观,ASARP组7例发生会阴体相关并发症,差异有统计学意义(P=0.017)。TAARP组术后1周发生伤口感染1例,术后半年发生黏膜脱垂1例、肛门狭窄1例,并发症总发生率11.5%(3/26);ASARP组术后发生伤口感染4例,黏膜脱垂2例,肛门狭窄2例,直肠回缩1例,并发症总发生率25.7%(9/35)。两组均发生轻度污粪便秘,TAARP组污粪、便秘发生率分别为3.8%、7.7%,ASARP组分别为8.6%、11.4%。两组并发症总发生率,污粪、便秘发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:TAARP是一种安全可行的治疗女婴肛门闭锁直肠前庭瘘的方法。

后矢状入路肛门直肠成形术临床分析

目的探讨后矢状入路肛门直肠成形术手术治疗先天性中高位肛门闭锁疗效及并发症的防治。方法回顾性分析行后矢状入路肛门直肠成形术手术的93例中高位肛门闭锁患儿的临床资料及肛门排便功能情况、并发症,采用肛门功能临床评分标准进行评价。结果 93例中肛门排便功能优良者87例(93.55%),差者6例(6.45%),有并发症者14例(15.05%),其中直肠黏膜脱垂2例,肛门狭窄4例,粪便潴留2例,大便失禁6例,93例均治愈。结论详细周密的围手术护理,高超的手术技巧及精细的手术操作,规范正确的术后康复训练是减少并发症的关键。

经脐单切口一期腹腔镜辅助直肠尿道瘘修补联合肛门成形术35例

目的探讨经脐单切口一期腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术治疗先天性肛门闭锁的效果。方法2013年6月~2019年6月我院对35例男性新生儿(入院时出生后1~3 d)行经脐单切口一期腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术。术前均行逆行膀胱造影确定直肠尿道瘘位置,其中直肠膀胱颈部瘘4例,直肠前列腺部瘘14例,直肠尿道球部瘘17例。沿脐窝左侧弧行切开1.0 cm,提出乙状结肠,小切口切开乙状结肠近端,插管冲洗清除胎便,洗肠后双层缝合结肠切口;重新建立气腹,行经脐部单切口腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术。术后12~14 d经导尿管行逆行膀胱造影,或经膀胱造瘘口造影,了解有无尿道憩室及尿道瘘复发。术后定期随访患儿排便功能。结果35例患儿均完成手术,无中转开腹。手术时间(145±12)min。术后排便时间1~3 d,术后进食时间3~5 d。术中无尿道损伤,术后无肛周感染,无尿道瘘复发,无尿道憩室,无直肠黏膜脱垂;2例患儿术后结肠修补处穿孔,出现腹膜炎症状,术后第2、4天行横结肠造口,3个月后关瘘。35例患儿随访1~6年,中位随访4.5年,其中19例随访>3年,对此19例患儿进行排便功能评价,17例有自主排便意识;4例无污便,8例1级污便,5例2级污便,2例3级污便;2例合并2级便秘,需间断使用开塞露辅助通便。结论经脐单切口一期腹腔镜辅助肛门成形术治疗先天性肛门闭锁效果确切,短期并发症较少,远期排便功能满意。