Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate from CO_2 and CH_3OH Using 0.4nm Molecular Sieve Supported Cu-Ni Bimetal Catalyst

The 0.4 nm molecular sieve supported Cu-Ni bimetal catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO 2 and CH 3 OH were prepared and investigated. The synthesized catalysts were fully characterized by BET, XRD (X-ray diffraction), TPR (temperature programmed reduction), IR (infra-red adsorption), NH 3-TPD (temperature programmed desorption) and CO 2-TPD (temperature programmed desorption) techniques. The results showed that the surface area of catalysts decreased with increasing metal content, and the metals as well as Cu-Ni alloy co-existed on the reduced catalyst surface. There existed interaction between metal and carrier, and moreover, metal particles affected obviously the acidity and basicity of carrier. The large amount of basic sites facilitated the activation of methanol to methoxyl species and their subsequent reaction with activated carbon dioxide. The catalysts were evaluated in a continuous tubular fixed-bed micro-gaseous reactor and the catalyst with bimetal loading of 20% (by mass) had best catalytic activities. Under the conditions of 393 K, 1.1 MPa, 5 h and gas space velocity of 510 h 1 , the selectivity and yield of DMC were higher than 86.0 % and 5.0 %, respectively.

(2,2-双二茂铁基丙烷)-6-甲酸及其衍生物的合成

2,2-双二茂铁基丙烷与邻氯苯甲酰氯进行Friedel-Crafts酰化反应,得到的一元酰化产物在叔丁醇钾的存在下解离为相应的一元羧酸;并以2,2-双二茂铁基丙烷-6-甲酸为原料合成了相应的酯、酰氯、酰胺和胺。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对这些化合物的结构进行了表征。结果表明:2,2-双二茂铁基丙烷进行邻氯苯甲酰化时,酰化位置在6位或6′位;以乙二醇二甲醚为溶剂进行2,2-双二茂铁基丙烷-6-甲酸的合成,原料转化率和产率都达到85%以上。

煤焦小型氮肥厂采用离心压缩机联产4万吨/年低压甲醇设计

小氮肥厂采用离心压缩机对合成氨进行技术改造,联产4万吨/年低压法经济型甲醇,是煤化工C_1化学产品的发展方向。

甲酸的生产工艺和市场分析

分述了甲酸生产的4种工艺路线甲酸钠法、甲酰胺法、丁烷(或轻油)液相氧化法和甲酸甲酯水解法;进行了世界和中国的甲酸市场分析,2008年全球甲酸产能约92万t/a,产量75万t,2008年中国甲酸产能约30万t/a,表观消费量约19.2万t。

甲醇合成气的制取与等压合成创新工艺的发展前景

介绍了甲醇合成工艺的进展,指出现代工业生产采用压力为5MPa的高压造气等压合成甲醇工艺,分析了合成气对甲醇合成的影响。重点阐述了轻烃转化制甲醇合成气的创新工艺——三一段(即外热蒸汽转化、换热转化和自热转化)纯氧转化工艺的特点、原理、工艺流程及主要物耗能耗指标,并与传统工艺进行了对比。举例说明了高压合成气等压合成甲醇技术的推广应用。最后对我国煤炭能源化工综合发展的产品开发和规划框架提出了建议。