A New Speed Limit Recognition Methodology Based on Ensemble Learning:Hardware Validation

Advanced DriverAssistance Systems(ADAS)technologies can assist drivers or be part of automatic driving systems to support the driving process and improve the level of safety and comfort on the road.Traffic Sign Recognition System(TSRS)is one of themost important components ofADAS.Among the challengeswith TSRS is being able to recognize road signs with the highest accuracy and the shortest processing time.Accordingly,this paper introduces a new real time methodology recognizing Speed Limit Signs based on a trio of developed modules.Firstly,the Speed Limit Detection(SLD)module uses the Haar Cascade technique to generate a new SL detector in order to localize SL signs within captured frames.Secondly,the Speed Limit Classification(SLC)module,featuring machine learning classifiers alongside a newly developed model called DeepSL,harnesses the power of a CNN architecture to extract intricate features from speed limit sign images,ensuring efficient and precise recognition.In addition,a new Speed Limit Classifiers Fusion(SLCF)module has been developed by combining trained ML classifiers and the DeepSL model by using the Dempster-Shafer theory of belief functions and ensemble learning’s voting technique.Through rigorous software and hardware validation processes,the proposedmethodology has achieved highly significant F1 scores of 99.98%and 99.96%for DS theory and the votingmethod,respectively.Furthermore,a prototype encompassing all components demonstrates outstanding reliability and efficacy,with processing times of 150 ms for the Raspberry Pi board and 81.5 ms for the Nano Jetson board,marking a significant advancement in TSRS technology.

Influence of joint spacing and rock characteristics on the toppling stability of cut rock slope through a simplified limit equilibrium method

Toppling failure of rock mass/soil slope is an important geological and environmental problem.Clarifying its failure mechanism under different conditions has great significance in engineering.The toppling failure of a cutting slope occurred in a hydropower station in Kyushu,Japan illustrates that the joint characteristic played a significant role in the occurrence of rock slope tipping failure.Thus,in order to consider the mechanical properties of jointed rock mass and the influence of geometric conditions,a simplified analytical approach based on the limit equilibrium method for modeling the flexural toppling of cut rock slopes is proposed to consider the influence of the mechanical properties and geometry condition of jointed rock mass.The theoretical solution is compared with the numerical solution taking Kyushu Hydropower Station in Japan as one case,and it is found that the theoretical solution obtained by the simplified analysis method is consistent with the numerical analytical solution,thus verifying the accuracy of the simplified method.Meanwhile,the Goodman-Bray approach conventionally used in engineering practice is improved according to the analytical results.The results show that the allowable slope angle may be obtained by the improved Goodman-Bray approach considering the joint spacing,the joint frictional angle and the tensile strength of rock mass together.

Preliminary Exploration About Teaching Method on Duolingo

This thesis critically examines the effectiveness of Duolingo as a language learning platform.Duolingo is one of the most popular language learning platforms online worldwide that offers language teaching in a free and fun way on mobile apps.It serves as a provider for autonomous learning,namely allowing users to learn languages independently,and is used by language learners of all levels who want to be multi-lingual,or who have the need to learn a foreign language in time for academic or social requirements,and so on.Meanwhile,the effectiveness of teaching method offered on Duolingo has been overestimated,and many problems during learning are ignored.The study methods in the thesis are content study method and contrast study method.The problems will be demonstrated by analysis of the content of Duolingo in many aspects and comparison of another well-known platform called“Innovative Language Learning”.This thesis aims to analyze the downsides of Duolingo in regard to foreign language learning in many aspects in both comprehensive and detailed way,and point out suggestions and solutions for improvement.

Data-driven methods for predicting the representative temperature of bridge cable based on limited measured data

Cable-stayed bridges have been widely used in high-speed railway infrastructure.The accurate determination of cable’s representative temperatures is vital during the intricate processes of design,construction,and maintenance of cable-stayed bridges.However,the representative temperatures of stayed cables are not specified in the existing design codes.To address this issue,this study investigates the distribution of the cable temperature and determinates its representative temperature.First,an experimental investigation,spanning over a period of one year,was carried out near the bridge site to obtain the temperature data.According to the statistical analysis of the measured data,it reveals that the temperature distribution is generally uniform along the cable cross-section without significant temperature gradient.Then,based on the limited data,the Monte Carlo,the gradient boosted regression trees(GBRT),and univariate linear regression(ULR)methods are employed to predict the cable’s representative temperature throughout the service life.These methods effectively overcome the limitations of insufficient monitoring data and accurately predict the representative temperature of the cables.However,each method has its own advantages and limitations in terms of applicability and accuracy.A comprehensive evaluation of the performance of these methods is conducted,and practical recommendations are provided for their application.The proposed methods and representative temperatures provide a good basis for the operation and maintenance of in-service long-span cable-stayed bridges.

糙皮侧耳PoLIM基因家族鉴定与表达分析

在NCBI、JGI数据库中检索糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)PoLIMs,进行生物信息学分析;测定PoLIM 1~PoLIM 6在25℃培养7 d(菌丝期),16℃培养5 d(扭结前期)、10 d(扭结后期)、15 d(原基期)、22 d(子实体期)的相对表达量以及菌丝在4℃冷胁迫12、24、48 h的相对表达量。结果表明:PoLIM1~PoLIM6的氨基酸数量为353~1 673;等电点为7.26~9.98;亚细胞定位预测均在细胞核中;有10个保守基序;启动子序列中包含光、生长素、MYB转录因子以及低温胁迫等响应元件。就相对表达量而言,PoLIM1在子实体期较高;Po LIM2在扭结后期和子实体期较高;Po LIM3、Po LIM4、Po LIM6在菌丝期较高;Po LIM5在扭结后期较高,在原基期及子实体期降低。与对照(25℃)相比,4℃冷胁迫时Po LIM1、Po LIM3、Po LIM5、Po LIM6的相对表达量升高。

Methodology Validation of Microbial Limit Test of Bupi Qiangli Ointment

[Objective] This study was conducted to establish a microbial limit test method for Bupi Qiangli Ointment. [Method] The conventional method and medium dilution method were used for bacterial, mold and yeast counting in sample recovery test. [Result] The medium dilution method （1：10 test solution, 0.5 ml/plate） could effectively eliminate the inhibition effect of the Bupi Qiangli Ointment, and the recovery of Staphylococcus aureus was greater than 70% in the 3 batches of samples; and the conventional method exhibited the recoveries of E. coil, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus greater than 70% in the 3 batches of samples. [Conclusion] Due to Bupi Qiangli Ointment has strongly antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus au- reus, the medium dilution method was used for bacterial counting, and the conventional method was used for mold and yeast counting; and the conventional method was used for controlled bacterium examination of E. coll.

番杏LIM基因家族鉴定及TtWLIM1b的克隆与功能分析

【目的】分析番杏[Tetragonia tetragonoides(Pall.) Kuntze]中TtLIM基因家族的序列组成、RNA-seq基因表达和异源表达生物学功能,探究其可能参与调控番杏植株发育和胁迫应答反应的分子机理,为发掘番杏抗逆功能基因及其在作物育种中的应用提供理论基础。【方法】通过前期对番杏[Tetragonia tetragonoides(Pall.) Kuntze]cDNA文库的筛选,获得一个编码番杏LIM基因的全长cDNA,命名为TtWLIM1b,对TtWLIM1b在酵母中进行功能分析。结合番杏全基因组测序信息,从番杏基因组中鉴定出16个TtLIM基因,对这些家族成员的染色体定位、所编码蛋白的理化性质、系统进化以及蛋白的保守模式进行综合的生物信息学分析;构建番杏与拟南芥、水稻和紫花苜蓿的LIM蛋白家族成员的进化树。最后,通过RNA-seq分析TtLIM基因家族成员在番杏不同组织以及在不同胁迫处理后的相对表达量。【结果】异源表达TtWLIM1b能够提高转基因酵母的重金属耐受性及耐热能力;番杏TtLIM家族蛋白成员均含有LIM结构域,而该结构域富含半胱氨酸。因此,TtLIMs也是富含半胱氨酸蛋白(Cysteine rich protein, CRP)的一种。序列分析表明,番杏LIM蛋白成员具有高度的保守性,且其成员的复制扩增较为明显;TtLIM基因家族成员在不同的番杏器官中广泛而有差异地表达。【结论】番杏TtLIMs可能参与调控番杏植株发育和胁迫应答反应。

Synthesis of LiMnPO_4/C composite material for lithium ion batteries by sol-gel method

The LiMnPO4/C composite material was synthesized via a sol-gel method based on the citric acid. The X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and electrochemical performance tests were adopted to characterize the properties of LiMnPO4/C. The XRD studies show that the pure olivine phase LiMnPO4 can be obtained at a low temperature of 500 °C. The SEM analyses illustrate that the citric acid used as the chelating reagent and carbon source can restrain the particle size of LiMnPO4/C well. The LiMnPO4/C sample synthesized at 500 °C for 10 h performs the highest initial discharge capacity of 122.6 mA-h/g, retaining 112.4 mA-h/g over 30 cycles at 0.05C rate. The citric acid based sol-gel method is favor to obtain the high electrochemical performance of LiMnPO4/C.

LIMK2及miR-450a-5p在不同级别浆液性卵巢癌的表达及临床意义

目的探讨LIM激酶2(LIMK2)及微小RNA(miR)-450a-5p在不同级别浆液性卵巢癌的表达及临床意义。方法本研究为回顾性研究,选择2020年1月至2023年1月宝鸡市中心医院收治的102例浆液性卵巢癌患者作为研究对象,根据肿瘤级别分为高级别浆液性卵巢癌组(n=70)和低级别浆液性卵巢癌组(n=32)。检测所有患者病理组织中LIMK2及miR-450a-5p的表达水平;分析不同临床病理特征的浆液性卵巢癌组织中LIMK2及miR-450a-5p表达水平的差异性;使用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析LIMK2及miR-450a-5p对高级别浆液性卵巢癌的鉴别诊断效能;随访12个月,记录浆液性卵巢癌患者术后复发情况,使用多因素风险评估模型分析LIMK2及miR-450a-5p与浆液性卵巢癌患者术后复发的关系。结果高级别浆液性卵巢癌组病理组织中LIMK2表达水平为5.16±1.34,高于低级别浆液性卵巢癌组(0.62±0.23),miR-450a-5p表达水平为1.12±0.45,低于低级别浆液性卵巢癌组(6.08±1.29),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。浆液性卵巢癌组织中LIMK2、miR-450a-5p表达水平与手术病理分期、淋巴结转移状态有关(P<0.05),与年龄、术前糖类抗原125水平、术后残留灶大小无关(P>0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,病理组织中LIMK2联合miR-450a-5p诊断高级别浆液性卵巢癌的敏感度为92.41%,特异度为63.50%,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.931。102例浆液性卵巢癌患者,术后12个月期间,复发26例,占25.49%。复发患者病理组织中LIMK2表达水平为6.81±1.70,高于非复发患者(3.39±0.79),病理组织中miR-450a-5p表达水平为0.43±0.22,低于非复发患者(1.73±0.68),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素风险评估模型分析,病理组织中LIMK2和miR-450a-5p均是浆液性卵巢癌患者术后复发的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。结论高级别浆液性卵巢癌组织中LIMK2表达上调,miR-450a-5p表达下调,两者均与手术病理分期、淋巴结转移状态有关。病理组织中LIMK2和miR-450a-5p联合诊断高级别浆液性卵巢癌的效能较好,对术后预后具有一定评估作用,值得进一步研究应用。

LIMITED MEMORY BFGS METHOD BY USING LINEAR INDEPENDENT SEARCH DIRECTIONS

The degree of numerical linear independence is proposed and discussed. Based on this linear independence theory, a modified limited memory BFGS method is deve loped. Similar to the standard limited memory method, this new method determines the new update by applying the updating formula m times to an initial positive diagonal matrix using the m previous pairs of the change in iteration and gradient. Besides the most recent pair of the change, which guarantees the quadratic termination, the choice of the other ( m -1) pairs of the change in the new method is dependent on the degree of numerical linear independence of previous search directions. In addition, the numerical linear independence theory is further discussed and the computation of the degree of linear independence is simplified. Theoretical and numerical results show that this new modified method improves efficiently the standard limited memory method.

基于B/S和SOA架构的LIMS系统设计与研究

为提升水质检测业务的专业化、智能化、系统化、自动化水平,针对新发展阶段下水利高质量发展对水质信息管理的需求,研究并开发基于B/S系统架构和SOA设计架构的新型综合性水质信息管理系统(LIMS),运用仪器谱图识别及数据提取、PHP与MySQL融合、仪器谱图与原始记录自动关联等技术,在一定程度上提高水质数据的电子化无纸化获取、处理、传输及应用等方面的管理水平,实现水质检测业务流程与资源的动态关联和闭环追溯,提升水质监测评价工作的管理效率和质量管理能力。基于B/S和SOA架构的LIMS在前沿高新技术中的应用研究,为水质检测和管理的各项活动提供智能、高效的数据支持平台,也为水利行业信息系统管理建设及水域功能监测监管提供技术支撑。

基于生物信息学分析双硫死亡相关基因PDLIM1 mRNA在多种肿瘤中的表达及临床应用价值

目的分析双硫死亡(disulfidptosis)相关基因人PDZ和LIM域蛋白1(PDZ and LIM domain protein 1,PDLIM1)m RNA在多种肿瘤中的表达及作用。方法通过仙桃学术网站分析PDLIM1 mRNA的表达情况。利用仙桃学术网站和Sangerbox 3.0数据分析平台探究PDLIM1在33种肿瘤中的诊断和预后能力。利用TISIDB数据库分析PDLIM1与临床分级和分期的相关性。在Sangerbox 3.0数据分析平台和Kaplan-Meier Plotter数据库中分析PDLIM1与肿瘤免疫相关性。通过STRING数据库和Cytoscape构建蛋白质互作网络(protein-protein interaction networks,PPI)。利用Sangerbox 3.0数据分析平台进行富集分析。最后利用GSCA(Gene Set Cancer Analysis)网站分析获得PDLIM1 mRNA表达与药物的敏感性。结果PDLIM1 mRNA在33种肿瘤中表达量存在异质性。PDLIM1在胆管癌(CHOL)、多形性胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)、肾透明细胞癌(KIRC)、肺腺癌(LUAD)、卵巢癌(OV)、胰腺癌(PAAD)、黑色素瘤(SKCM)和睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤(TGCT)中具有良好的诊断能力。PDLIM1在胶质瘤(GBMLGG)、脑低级别胶质瘤(LGG)、混合肾癌(KIPAN)、多形性胶质细胞瘤(GBM)、间皮瘤(MESO)、葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UVM)和肾上腺皮质癌(ACC)中高表达预后差,而在肉瘤中低表达预后差。PDLIM1 mRNA表达与头颈鳞状细胞癌(HIVSC)、肾乳头状细胞癌(KIRP)、子宫内膜癌(UCEC)、子宫癌肉瘤(UCS)和葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UVM)的分级,以及与宫颈癌、头颈鳞状细胞癌、子宫内膜癌和脑低级别胶质瘤肿瘤的分期有关。PDLIM1与以前列腺癌为首的36种肿瘤的免疫浸润显著相关,且发现在PDLIM1 mRNA高表达的患者中经免疫治疗后的预后相对较好。PDLIM1在生物体内主要通过参与肌动蛋白细胞骨架、细胞黏附、肿瘤相关途径的调节来发挥作用,对以Isoliquiritigenin为首的多种药物敏感。结论PDLIM1与多种肿瘤的临床预后和免疫浸润等方面密切相关,有望成为一种肿瘤诊断和预后生物标志物或治疗靶点。

3D magnetotelluric inversions with unstructured finite-element and limited-memory quasi-Newton methods

Traditional 3D Magnetotelluric(MT) forward modeling and inversions are mostly based on structured meshes that have limited accuracy when modeling undulating surfaces and arbitrary structures. By contrast, unstructured-grid-based methods can model complex underground structures with high accuracy and overcome the defects of traditional methods, such as the high computational cost for improving model accuracy and the difficulty of inverting with topography. In this paper, we used the limited-memory quasi-Newton(L-BFGS) method with an unstructured finite-element grid to perform 3D MT inversions. This method avoids explicitly calculating Hessian matrices, which greatly reduces the memory requirements. After the first iteration, the approximate inverse Hessian matrix well approximates the true one, and the Newton step(set to 1) can meet the sufficient descent condition. Only one calculation of the objective function and its gradient are needed for each iteration, which greatly improves its computational efficiency. This approach is well-suited for large-scale 3D MT inversions. We have tested our algorithm on data with and without topography, and the results matched the real models well. We can recommend performing inversions based on an unstructured finite-element method and the L-BFGS method for situations with topography and complex underground structures.

基于CNAS体系标准的LIMS创新实践

LIMS是一种专为实验室设计的信息管理系统。矿山企业引入该系统有助于实现检测业务的数字化管理。然而,市面上通用的LIMS软件普遍存在与CNAS体系结合不紧密、流程管理不严谨、行业适用性不强等缺陷,无法满足矿山行业实验室的特殊需求。为此,结合CNAS质量管理体系要求以及矿山化验检测业务特点,研发了一款符合金属矿山行业特点的LIMS系统,对传统化验检测业务管理模式进行了全面改造和提升,内容涵盖业务管理、检测流程、结果汇总、报告管理、报告溯源和CNAS体系运行管理等多方面。该系统引入了样品类型、设备类型、化验岗位、再现性限设置以及报告权限设置等概念,并建立了关联关系,能够批量委托检测任务、灵活设置用户报告审批权限。根据关联关系,系统可自动将检测任务分配到特定的检测班组和化验岗位,自动计算检测项目的再现性限,判断平行检测结果是否超差,确定重验方式及平均结果的计算方法。此外,系统还利用LT-IoT数据采集平台,实现了分析仪器、天平、温湿度计、二维码等数据的自动采集,确保数据准确性、完整性和可追溯性,有效避免了传统手工录入导致的错误和不确定性。应用效果表明:该系统的研发与应用可以为金属矿山行业提供了一个高效、严谨、规范化的实验室信息管理系统,有助于提高检测业务的数字化管理水平,为行业的数字化转型提供强有力支持。

ELASTIC MODULUS REDUCTION METHOD FOR LIMIT LOAD EVALUATION OF FRAME STRUCTURES

A new strategy for elastic modulus adjustment is proposed based on the element bearing ratio （EBR）,and the elastic modulus reduction method （EMRM） is proposed for limit load evaluation of frame structures. The EBR is defined employing the generalized yield criterion,and the reference EBR is determined by introducing the extrema and the degree of uniformity of EBR in the structure. The elastic modulus in the element with an EBR greater than the reference one is reduced based on the linear elastic finite element analysis and the equilibrium of strain energy. The lower-bound of limit-loads of frame structures are analyzed and the numerical example demonstrates the flexibility,accuracy and effciency of the proposed method.

Computing Streamfunction and Velocity Potential in a Limited Domain of Arbitrary Shape.Part II:Numerical Methods and Test Experiments

Built on the integral formulas in Part I,numerical methods are developed for computing velocity potential and streamfunction in a limited domain.When there is no inner boundary（around a data hole） inside the domain,the total solution is the sum of the internally and externally induced parts.For the internally induced part,three numerical schemes（grid-staggering,local-nesting and piecewise continuous integration） are designed to deal with the singularity of the Green＇s function encountered in numerical calculations.For the externally induced part,by setting the velocity potential（or streamfunction） component to zero,the other component of the solution can be computed in two ways：（1） Solve for the density function from its boundary integral equation and then construct the solution from the boundary integral of the density function.（2） Use the Cauchy integral to construct the solution directly.The boundary integral can be discretized on a uniform grid along the boundary.By using local-nesting（or piecewise continuous integration）,the scheme is refined to enhance the discretization accuracy of the boundary integral around each corner point（or along the entire boundary）.When the domain is not free of data holes,the total solution contains a data-hole-induced part,and the Cauchy integral method is extended to construct the externally induced solution with irregular external and internal boundaries.An automated algorithm is designed to facilitate the integrations along the irregular external and internal boundaries.Numerical experiments are performed to evaluate the accuracy and efficiency of each scheme relative to others.

An analysis of the radar backscatter from oil-covered sea surfaces using moment method and Monte-Carlo simulation: preliminary results

An analysis of the radar backscattering from the ocean surface covered by oil spill is presented using a mi- crowave scattering model and Monte-Carlo simulation. In the analysis, a one-dimensional rough sea sur- face is numerically generated with an ocean waveheight spectrum for a given wind velocity. A two-layered medium is then generated by adding a thin oil layer on the simulated rough sea surface. The electric fields backscattered from the sea surface with two-layered medium are computed with the method of moments （MoM）, and the backscattering coefficients are statistically obtained with N independent samples for each oil-spilled surface using the Monte-Carlo technique for various conditions of surface roughness, oil-layer thickness, frequency, polarization and incidence angle. The numerical simulation results are compared with theoretical models for clean sea surfaces and SAR images of an off-spilled sea surface caused by the Hebei （Hebei province, China） Spirit oil tanker in 2007. Further, conditions for better oil spill extraction are sought by the numerical simulation on the effects of wind speed and oil-layer thickness at different inci- dence angles on the backscattering coefficients.

A LIMITED MEMORY QUASI-NEWTON METHOD FOR LARGE SCALE PROBLEM

We study how to use the SR1 update to realize minimization methods for problems where the storage is critical. We give an update formula which generates matrices using information from the last m iterations. The numerical tests show that the method is efficent.

Comprehensive analysis of slope stability and determination of stable slopes in the Chador-Malu iron ore mine using numerical and limit equilibrium methods

One of the critical aspects in mine design is slope stability analysis and the determination of stable slopes. In the Chador- Malu iron ore mine, one of the most important iron ore mines in central Iran, it was considered vital to perform a comprehensive slope stability analysis. At first, we divided the existing rock hosting pit into six zones and a geotechnical map was prepared. Then, the value of MRMR （Mining Rock Mass Rating） was determined for each zone. Owing to the fact that the Chador-Malu iron ore mine is located in a highly tectonic area and the rock mass completely crushed, the Hoek-Brown failure criterion was found suitable to estimate geo-mechanical parameters. After that, the value of cohesion （c） and friction angle （tp） were calculated for different geotechnical zones and relative graphs and equations were derived as a function of slope height. The stability analyses using numerical and limit equilibrium methods showed that some instability problems might occur by increasing the slope height. Therefore, stable slopes for each geotechnical zone and prepared sections were calculated and presented as a function of slope height.

Thermodynamic analysis and simulation for gas baffle entrance collimator of EAST-NBI system based on thermo-fluid coupled method

The world's first full Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST) is designed with the auxiliary heating method of neutral beam injection(NBI)system. Beam collimators are arranged on both sides of the beam channel for absorbing the divergence beam during the beam transmission process in the EAST-NBI system.The gas baffle entrance collimator(GBEC) is a typical high-heat-flux component located at the entrance of gas baffle. An efficient and accurate analysis of its thermodynamic performance is of great significance to explore the working limit and to ensure safe operation of the system under a high-parameter steady-state condition. Based on the thermo-fluid coupled method, thermodynamic analysis and simulation of GBEC is performed to get the working states and corresponding operating limits at different beam extraction conditions. This study provides a theoretical guidance for the next step to achieve long pulse with highpower experimental operation and has an important reference to ensure the safe operation of the system.