Experimental obstructive jaundice alters claudin-4 expression in intestinal mucosa: Effect of bombesin and neurotensin

AIM： To investigate the influence of experimental obstructive jaundice and exogenous bombesin （BBS） and neurotensin （NT） administration on the expression of the tight junction （TJ）-protein claudin-4 in intestinal epithelium of rats. METHODS： Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups： Ⅰ = controls, Ⅱ = sham operated,Ⅲ = bile duct ligation （BDL）,Ⅳ = BDL＋BBS （30μg/kg per d）, V = BDL＋NT （300μg/kg per d）. At the end of the experiment on d 10, endotoxin was measured in portal and aortic blood. Tissue sections of the terminal ileum were examined histologically and immunohistochemically for evaluation of claudin-4 expression in intestinal epithelium. RESULTS： Obstructive jaundice led to intestinal barrier failure demonstrated by significant portal and aortic endotoxemia. Claudin-4 expression was significantly increased in the upper third of the villi in jaundiced rats and an upregulation of its lateral distribution was noted. Administration of BBS or NT restored claudin-4 expression to the control state and significantly reduced portal and aortic endotoxemia. CONCLUSION： Experimental obstructive jaundice increases claudin-4 expression in intestinal epithelium,which may be a key factor contributing to the disruption of the mucosal barrier. Gut regulatory peptides BBS and NT can prevent this alteration and reduce portal and systemic endotoxemia.

Ameliorative effects of bombesin and neurotensin on trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis,oxidative damage and apoptosis in rats

AIM:To investigate the effects of bombesin (BBS) and neurotensin (NTS) on apoptosis and colitis in an ulcerative colitis model. METHODS:In this study, a total of 50 rats were divided equally into 5 groups. In the control group, no colitis induction or drug administration was performed. Colitis was induced in all other groups. Following the induction of colitis, BBS, NTS or both were applied to three groups of rats. The remaining group (colitis group) received no treatment. On the 11th d after induction of colitis and drug treatment, blood samples were collected for TNF-α and IL-6 level studies. Malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and caspase-3 activities, as well as histopathological findings, evaluated in colonic tissues. RESULTS:According to the macroscopic and microscopic findings, the study groups treated with BBS, NTS and BBS + NTS showed significantly lower damage and inflammation compared with the colitis group (macroscopic score, 2.1 ± 0.87, 3.7 ± 0.94 and 2.1 ± 0.87 vs 7.3 ± 0.94;microscopic score, 2.0 ± 0.66, 3.3 ± 0.82 and 1.8 ± 0.63 vs 5.2 ± 0.78, P < 0.01). TNF-α and IL-6 levels were increased significantly in all groups compared with the control group. These increases were significantly smaller in the BBS, NTS and BBS + NTS groups compared with the colitis group (TNF-α levels, 169.69 ± 53.56, 245.86 ± 64.85 and 175.54 ± 42.19 vs 556.44 ± 49.82;IL-6 levels, 443.30 ± 53.99, 612.80 ± 70.39 and 396.80 ± 78.43 vs 1505.90 ± 222.23, P < 0.05). The colonic MPO and MDA levels were significantly lower in control, BBS, NTS and BBS + NTS groups than in the colitis group (MPO levels, 24.36 ± 8.10, 40.51 ± 8.67 and 25.83 ± 6.43 vs 161.47 ± 38.24;MDA levels, 4.70 ± 1.41, 6.55 ± 1.12 and 4.51 ± 0.54 vs 15.60 ± 1.88, P < 0.05). Carbonyl content and caspase-3 levels were higher in the colitis and NTS groups than in control, BBS and BBS + NTS groups (carbonyl levels, 553.99 ± 59.58 and 336.26 ± 35.72 vs 209.76 ± 30.92, 219.76 ± 25.77 and 220.34 ± 36.95;caspase-3 levels, 451.70 ± 68.27 and 216.20 ± 28.17 vs 28.60 ± 6.46, 170.50 ± 32.37 and 166.50 ± 30.95, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The results of this study suggest BBS and NTS, through their anti-inflammatory actions, support the maintenance of colonic integrity and merit consideration as potential agents for ameliorating colonic inflammation.

Neurotensin receptor 1 overexpression in inflammatory bowel diseases and colitis-associated neoplasia

AIM: To explore the association of neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colitis-associated neoplasia. METHODS: NTSR1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in clinical samples of colonic mucosa with IBD colitis, colitis-associated raised low-grade dysplasia (LGD) including dysplasia-associated lesions or masses (DALMs, n = 18) and adenoma-like dysplastic polyps (ALDPs, n = 4), colitis-associated high-grade dysplasia (HGD, n = 11) and colitis-associated colorectal carcinoma (CACRC, n = 13), sporadic colorectal adenomatous polyp (SAP, n = 17), and sporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCRC, n = 12). The immunoreactivity of NTSR1 was semiquantitated (as negative, 1+, 2+, and 3+) and compared among different conditions.RESULTS: NTSR1 was not detected in normal mucosa but was expressed similarly in both active and inactive colitis. LGD showed a significantly stronger expression as compared with non-dysplastic colitic mucosa, with significantly more cases showing > 2+ intensity (68.75% in LGD vs 32.26% in nondysplastic mucosa, P = 0.001). However, no significant difference existed between DALMs and ALDPs. CACRC and HGD showed a further stronger expression, with significantly more cases showing 3+ intensity than that in LGD (61.54% vs 12.50% for CACRC vs LGD, P = 0.022; 58.33% vs 12.50% for CACRC/HGD vs LGD, P = 0.015). No significant difference existed between colitis-associated and non-colitic sporadic neoplasia. CONCLUSION: NTSR1 in colonic epithelial cells is overexpressed in IBD, in a stepwise fashion with sequential progress from inflammation to dysplasia and carcinoma.

Effect of bombesin and neurotensin on gut barrier function in partially hepatectomized rats

AIM： To investigate the effect of regulatory peptides bombesin （BBS） and neurotensin （NT） on intestinal barrier function in partially hepatectomized rats. METHODS： Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups： Ⅰ （n = 10）： controls, Ⅱ （n = 20）： sham operated, Ⅲ （n = 20）： partial hepatectomy 70% （PHx）, Ⅳ （n = 20）： PHx＋BBS （30 μg/kg/d）, Ⅴ （n = 20）： PHx＋NT （300 μg/kg/d）. Groups IV and V were treated for 8 days before PHx and 48 h post surgery. At the end of the experiment, on day 10, intestinal barrier function was assessed by measuring endotoxin concentrations in portal and aortic blood. Tissue sections of the terminal ileum were examined histologically and villus density, mucosal thickness, mitotic activity and apoptosis in crypts were assessed. In addition, ileal mucosa was analyzed for DNA and protein content and microbiological analysis was performed in cecal contents. To estimate intestinal oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation was determined on tissue homogenates from terminal ileum. RESULTS： BBS or NT administration significantly reduced portal and systemic endotoxemia observed 48 h after partial hepatectomy. In hepatectomized rats （group Ⅲ）, a trend towards induction of mucosal atrophy was observed, demonstrated by the reduction of villus density, mucosal thickness, protein content and significant reduction of DNA, while these alterations were reversed by regulatory peptides administration. This trophic effect of BBS and NT was accompanied by induction of mitoses above control levels and a significant reduction of apoptosis in intestinal crypts. Intestinal lipid peroxidation was found significantly lower in PHx group and regulatory peptides exerted an antioxidant action, further decreasing this parameter of oxidative stress. The ：bacterial population of E. coli and aerobic Gram （＋） cocci was increased in cecal content of hepatectomized rats, while this parameter was not affected by the administration of BBS or NT. CONCLUSION： Gut regulatory peptides BBS and NT improve intestinal barrier function and reduce endotoxemia in experimental partial hepatectomy. This effect is, at least in part, mediated by their trophic, antiapoptotic, mitogenic, and antioxidant effect on the intestinal epithelium. This observation might be of potential value in patients undergoing liver resection.

Pleiotropic effects of bombesin and neurotensin on intestinal mucosa: Not just trefoil peptides

Bombesin and neurotensin are neuropeptides which exert a wide spectrum of biological actions on gastrointestinal tissues influencing intestinal growth and adaptation, intestinal motility, blood flow, secretion, nutrient absorption and immune response. Based mainly on their well-established potent enterotrophic effect, numerous experimental studies investigated their potential positive effect on the atrophic or injured intestinal mucosa. These peptides proved to be effective mucosa-healing factors, but the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms for this action remained unresolved. In a recently published study (World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14(8): 1222-1230), it was shown that their protective effect on the intestine in experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease was related to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic actions. These results are in close agreement with our previous studies on jaundiced and hepatectomized rats that showed a regulatory effect of bombesin and neurotensin on critical cellular processes such as enterocyte' proliferation and death, oxidative stress and redox equilibrium, tight junctions' formation and function, and inflammatory response. The pleiotropic effects of bombesin and neurotensin on diverse types of intestinal injury may justify their consideration for clinical trials.

Interferon beta(IFN-β) treatment exerts potential neuroprotective effects through neurotrophic factors and novel neurotensin/neurotensin high affinity receptor 1 pathway

Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system（CNS）characterized by coexisting processes of inflammation,demyelination,axonal neurodegeneration,and gliosis.It is the most common disabling neurological disease in young adulthood.

Clinical Significance and Detection of Neuro-Peptide and Neurotensin in Patient s with Brain Glioma

Objective To investigate the change of neuropeptide Y(NPY)and neurotens in(NT)in pqtients with brain glioma.Method The concentration of NPY and NT in an d around brain glioma tissue and plasma were detected with inequilibrant radio－ imunology method.Result NPY concentrqtion in brain glioma tissue was obviously h igher than that in tissue around the tumor(P<0.01).The Concentration of NT in br ain glioma tissue was obviously higher that in tissue around the glioma(P<0.01). Conclusion Detection of NPY and NT in brain gliom aprovides basis for further st udy on brain glioma and explainning clinical and imaginal symjptom of brain glio ma.

Effects of acute brain injury on the contents of neurotensin in brain areas,pituitary gland and plasma in rats

The changes of immunoreactive neurotensin(ir-NT)contents in the brain areas,pituitary gland and plasma in the traumatized rats were observed in the present study.The results of radioimmunoassay exhibited significant changes of the ir-NT contents inthe hypothalamus,pituitary gland,plasma,injured tissue,hippocampus,central gray andspinal cord in the posttraumatic rats at different intervals.A predominant characteristicsof the changes of ir-NT levels in the brain areas,pituitary gland and plasma was thedramatical decrease at various times except for the hypothalamus,central gray andhippocampus with biphasic alterations.The ir-NT contents in the frontal cortex andpons-medulla also displayed changes to different extent under the acute craniocerebraltrauma condition.These results suggest that NT may play a role in the pathophysiologyof traumatic head injury.

Neurotensin Receptor 1 (NTSR1) Overexpression in Breast Carcinomas Is Common and Independent of ER/PR/Her2 Expression

Neurotensin (NT) is a 13-amino acid peptide with trophic effects on some neoplasms. Its bioactivities are mainly mediated by neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1). Both NT and NTSR1 were found to be upregulated in breast cancer. NT/NTSR1 thus becomes a potential therapeutic target. We studied whether any correlation exists between the expression of NTSR1 in breast carcinomas and the expression of ER, PR, and Her2. A total 85 cases of invasive ductal (62) and lobular (23) breast carcinomas were studied. Based on their ER/PR profiles, the ductal carcinomas (DCs) were subcategorized into ER+/PR+ (21), ER+/PR﹣ (20), and ER﹣/PR﹣ (21). All of the lobular carcinomas (LCs) were ER+/PR+. 21.57% of all DCs and 5.56% of LCs were Her2 positive. 77.78% of ER﹣/PR﹣ DCs were also Her2 negative (triple negative). The expression of NTSR1 was detected by immunohistochemistry and was semiquantitated (as negative, 1+, 2+, 3+). Both 2+ and 3+ were collectively defined as overexpression. The expression of NTSR1 was weak and focal in non-neoplastic mammary epithelial cells. It is increased in 74.19% of DCs (80.95% in ER+/PR+, 75% in ER+/PR﹣, and 66.67% in ER﹣/PR﹣ group), and in 95.65% of LCs. The overexpression of NTSR1 is similar between ER+ DCs and ER﹣ DCs (75% vs 66.67%, p > 0.05) as well as between PR+ DCs and PR﹣ DCs (80.95% in ER+/PR+ DCs vs 75% in ER+/PR﹣ DCs, p > 0.05). And it was seen in 77.78% of Her2+ DCs, 78.38% of Her2﹣ DCs, 94.12% of Her2﹣ LCs, and 78.57% of triple negative DCs. Overall, NTSR1 is commonly overexpressed in both ductal and lobular breast carcinomas and is independent of the ER/PR/Her2 profiles of the tumors. The present data supports the potential benefit of developing NTSR1 blockers in the adjuvant therapy of breast carcinomas, particularly for those “triple negative” tumors.

Control of Emotion and Wakefulness by Neurotensinergic Neurons in the Parabrachial Nucleus

The parabrachial nucleus(PBN)integrates interoceptive and exteroceptive information to control various behavioral and physiological processes including breathing,emotion,and sleep/wake regulation through the neural circuits that connect to the forebrain and the brainstem.However,the precise identity and function of distinct PBN subpopulations are still largely unknown.Here,we leveraged molecular characterization,retrograde tracing,optogenetics,chemogenetics,and electrocortical recording approaches to identify a small subpopulation of neurotensin-expressing neurons in the PBN that largely project to the emotional control regions in the forebrain,rather than the medulla.Their activation induces freezing and anxiety-like behaviors,which in turn result in tachypnea.In addition,optogenetic and chemogenetic manipulations of these neurons revealed their function in promoting wakefulness and maintaining sleep architecture.We propose that these neurons comprise a PBN subpopulation with specific gene expression,connectivity,and function,which play essential roles in behavioral and physiological regulation.

pRluc-hNeurotensinl-R重组真核表达载体的构建及在离体细胞中的表达

目的构建与海肾荧光素酶（Rluc）融合的人Neurotensin-R1（HumanNeurotensinreceptorl，NTS1 or NTSR1）真核表达载体，用于生物发光共振能量转移法检测人NTS与其它受体间的相互作用以及研究Neurotensin—R介导的细胞内信号转导机制。方法以质粒peDNA3．1-hNTS1为模板，PCR方法扩增人NTS。扩增的人NTS以及质粒pRluc—pcDNA3．1用NotI和XbaI双酶切，然后将这2种酶切产物按常规方法连接、转化至大肠杆菌Top10中，该菌在培养箱中孵育12～16h后，挑取菌落培养，提取质粒，进行酶切鉴定，最后进行测序。将测序正确的重组载体用脂质体法转染人胚胎肾（humanembryonickidney293，HEK293）细胞。最后，通过共聚焦显微镜观察经过免疫荧光染色的细胞以及Westernblot鉴定人Neu—rotensinl—R的表达。结果通过PCR扩增出一条1257bp的基因片段，序列与GenBank（NM-002531）相同。Westernblot中大约90kDa处有一蛋白条带，与预期大小相同。人Neurotensin—R表达在细胞膜上。结论成功构建了pRluc—hNeurotensinl—R重组表达载体，建立了该质粒转染HEK293的细胞模型。可被用于检测与其它受体间的相互作用以及研究Neurotensinl—R介导的细胞内信号转导机制，这将有助于探究疾病的发病机制及开发新的药物靶点。

Effects of pallidal neurotensin on haloperidol-induced parkinsonian catalepsy: behavioral and electrophysiological studies

Objective The globus pallidus plays a critical role in movement regulation. Previous studies have indicated that the globus pallidus receives neurotensinergic innervation from the striatum, and systemic administration of a neurotensin analog could produce antiparkinsonian effects. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of pallidal neurotensin on haloperidol-induced parkinsonian symptoms. Methods Behavioral experiments and electrophysiological recordings were performed in the present study. Results Bilateral infusions of neurotensin into the globus pallidus reversed haloperidolinduced parkinsonian catalepsy in rats. Electrophysiological recordings showed that microinjection of neurotensin induced excitation of pallidal neurons in the presence of systemic haloperidol administration. The neurotensin type-1 receptor antagonist SR48692 blocked both the behavioral and the electrophysiological effects induced by neurotensin. Conclusion Activation of pallidal neurotensin receptors may be involved in neurotensin-induced antiparkinsonian effects.

保留NAC皮下腺体切除加包裹假体结合TiLoop 补片重建术治疗乳腺癌疗效分析

目的探讨保留乳头乳晕复合体(NAC)皮下腺体切除加包裹假体结合TiLoop补片重建治疗方案治疗乳腺癌的优势。方法选取南阳市中心医院乳腺外科2021年5月~2022年12月收治的70例乳腺癌患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,35例,观察组采用保留NAC切除加包裹假体结合TiLoop补片重建治疗方案,对照组采用切除乳房组织及其周围正常组织的改良根治术治疗方案,比较两组患者的临床效果、术后并发症、手术指标、神经降压素受体1(NTSR1)、嗜铬粒蛋白A(CgA)水平。结果观察组总有效率为94.29%,高于对照组(74.29%);术后并发症发生率为5.71%,明显低于对照组(25.71%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术中出血量、手术时间、术后拔管时间、住院时间均优于对照组(P<0.05),而前哨淋巴结阳性率和住院时间两组比较无统计学差别。观察组患者术后6个月NTSR1(15.9±3.4)ng/mL、CgA(27.3±4.0)ng/mL,对照组分别为(13.8±2.6)ng/mL、(35.1±6.2)ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论保留NAC皮下腺体切除加包裹假体结合TiLoop补片重建治疗方案是一种安全有效的乳腺癌手术方式,能够提高患者的临床效果,减少术后并发症,改善神经内分泌功能,值得临床推广应用。

梅花针联合威伐光理疗、肌注腺苷钴胺治疗急性期带状疱疹临床观察

目的观察梅花针联合威伐光理疗+肌注腺苷钴胺对急性期带状疱疹(HZ)患者疼痛、免疫反应及血清神经降压素(NT)水平的影响。方法将140例急性期HZ患者按随机数字表法分为梅花针组与对照组。对照组采用威伐光理疗+肌注腺苷钴胺治疗,梅花针组在对照组基础上采用梅花针治疗。比较两组疗效、临床症状改善时间、免疫细胞数量、血清NT水平、视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、是否遗留后遗神经痛(PHN)。结果梅花针组的临床总有效率为92.86%,高于对照组的80.00%(P<0.05);梅花针组患者止疱时间、结痂时间、疼痛开始缓解时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患者CD4+细胞百分比、CD4+/CD8+均上升,且梅花针组高于对照组;两组患者CD8+细胞百分比均下降,且梅花针组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1周后、治疗结束4周及治疗结束8周时,两组患者血清NT水平均上升,且同时间点梅花针组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1周后、治疗结束4周及治疗结束8周时,两组患者VAS评分均下降,且同时间点梅花针组低于对照组(P<0.05);梅花针组PHN的发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论梅花针联合威伐光理疗+肌注腺苷钴胺治疗急性期HZ可有效缓解患者疼痛,提高免疫力,血清NT水平,临床症状改善效果显著。

Controlled-release neurotensin-loaded silk fibroin dressings improve wound healing in diabetic rat model

Diabetic foot ulcers(DFU),which may lead to lower extremity amputation,is one of the severe and chronic complications of diabetic mellitus.This study aims to develop,and use dressings based on Silk fibroin(SF)as the scaffold material,gelatin microspheres(GMs)as the carrier for the neurotensin(NT),a neuropeptide that acts as an inflammatory modulator in wound healing and NT as accelerate wound healing drug to treat DFU.We evaluated the wound healing processes and neo-tissue formation in rat diabetic model by macroscopic observation,histological observation(H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining)and immunofluorescence analysis at 3,7,14,21 and 28 post-operation days.Our results show that the NT/GMs/SF group performance the best not only in macroscopic healing and less scars in 28 post-operation days,but also in fibroblast accumulation in tissue granulation,collagen expression and deposition at the wound site.From release profiles,we can know the GMs are a good carrier for control release drugs.The SEM results shows that the NT/GMs/SF dressings have an average pore size are 40–80μm and a porosity of∼85%,this pore size is suit for wound healing regeneration.These results suggest that the NT/GMs/SF dressings may work as an effective support for control release NT to promote DFU wound healing.

脊髓电刺激治疗带状疱疹后神经痛患者血清β-EP、NT水平变化及对治疗反应性的评估价值

目的探讨脊髓电刺激(Spinal cord stimulation,SCS)治疗带状疱疹后神经痛(Postherpetic neuralgia,PHN)患者血清β-内啡肽(β-endorplhin,β-EP)、神经降压素(Neurotensin,NT)水平变化及对治疗反应性的评估价值。方法选取2021年7月-2023年3月武汉市新洲区人民医院接受SCS治疗的PHN患者108例作为研究组,根据治疗6个月效果分为反应良好患者、反应差患者。根据随机病例对照研究原则1∶1选取同期常规药物治疗的PHN患者108例作为对照组。检测并比较两组血清β-EP、NT水平及对治疗反应性的评估价值。结果治疗前,两组血清β-EP、NT水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组血清β-EP、NT水平较治疗前均升高,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。皮疹面积≥10 cm^(2)、初治时间>3 d是PHN治疗反应差的独立危险因素,血清β-EP、NT水平升高是PHN治疗反应差的独立保护因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(Receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)分析显示,血清β-EP、NT水平单独预测PHN治疗反应差的曲线下面积(Area under curve,AUC)值分别为0.776、0.793,加入多因素Logistic回归模型后可将AUC值提升至0.936,高于血清β-EP(Z=3.490,P=0.001)、NT(Z=3.430,P=0.001)单独预测。结论SCS治疗可提升PHN患者血清β-EP、NT水平,二者联合检测可为临床评估SCS疗效提供参考。

Novel opioid-neurotensin-based hybrid peptide with spinal long-lasting antinociceptive activity and a propensity to delay tolerance development

The behavioral responses exerted by spinal administration of the opioid-neurotensin hybrid peptide, PK23, were studied in adult male rats. The antinociceptive effect upon exposure to a thermal stimulus, as well as tolerance development, was assessed in an acute pain model. The PK23 chimera at a dose of 10 nmol/rat produced a potent pain-relieving effect, especially after its intrathecal administration. Compared with intrathecal morphine, this novel compound was found to possess a favourable side effect profile characterized by a reduced scratch reflex, delayed development of analgesic tolerance or an absence of motor impairments when given in the same manner, though some animals died following barrel rotation as a result of its i.c.v. administration(in particular at doses higher than 10 nmol/rat). Nonetheless, these results suggest the potential use of hybrid compounds encompassing both opioid and neurotensin structural fragments in pain management. This highlights the enormous potential of synthetic neurotensin analogues as promising future analgesics.

偏头痛病人血清内皮素-1、降钙素基因相关肽、神经降压素水平变化及其与继发缺血性脑卒中的关系

目的探讨偏头痛病人血清内皮素-1(ET-1)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、神经降压素(NT)水平变化及其与继发缺血性脑卒中的关系。方法选取广东三九脑科医院2019年2月至2020年1月确诊的138例偏头痛病人作为研究对象,设为研究组,另选取同期在该院体检的123例健康体检者,设为对照组,检测两组血清ET-1、CGRP、NT水平并对比。对研究组随访12~24个月,根据缺血性脑卒中的继发情况将其分为继发组(23例)与未继发组(115例),并比较继发组与未继发组的血清ET-1、CGRP、NT水平。采用logistic回归分析法分析血清ET-1、CGRP、NT水平与偏头痛继发缺血性脑卒中的关系,另采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析血清ET-1、CGRP、NT水平对偏头痛继发缺血性脑卒中的预测价值。结果研究组的血清ET-1[(114.14±17.56)ng/L]、CGRP[(83.85±7.65)ng/L]、NT水平[(32.84±5.46)ng/L]均高于对照组[(68.83±12.76)ng/L、(45.41±8.77)ng/L、(27.52±4.94)ng/L](P<0.05);随访期间,偏头痛病人继发缺血性脑卒中23例,发生率为16.67%;继发组的血清ET-1[(131.49±18.71)ng/L]、CGRP[(90.32±7.15)ng/L]、NT水平[(37.16±6.73)ng/L]均高于未继发组[(110.66±15.17)ng/L、(82.55±7.09)ng/L、(31.97±4.75)ng/L](P<0.05);logistic回归分析发现,性别、年龄、随访期间偏头痛发作次数、病程、体质量、吸烟、ET-1水平、CGRP水平、NT水平均是偏头痛病人继发缺血性脑卒中的影响因素(P<0.05);血清ET-1、CGRP、NT水平联合预测的灵敏度、特异度、曲线下面积(AUC)分别是95.65%、79.13%、0.95,联合预测的灵敏度和AUC均高于单独预测(P<0.05),特异度与单独预测差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论偏头痛病人血清ET-1、CGRP、NT水平较健康人群高,且各指标高表达均可增加偏头痛病人继发缺血性脑卒中的风险。

高压氧对高血压脑出血微创术后NPY、NT的影响

目的探讨高血压脑出血(hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,HICH)微创术后患者早期高压氧(hyperbaric oxygenation,HBO)治疗对血浆神经肽Y(neuropeptide Y,NPY)、神经降压素(neurotensin,NT)的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2021年12月解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院收治的HICH经微创血肿清除术后5d患者172例,采用随机数字表法分为研究组(n=86)和对照组(n=86),另同期选取86例进行体检健康者为正常组。对照组给予常规治疗及康复训练,研究组在对照组的基础上给予HBO治疗。测定治疗前和治疗后10d、22d、34d各组的NPY和NT水平。治疗前和治疗后34d、90d、180d时,采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)、简易智能精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、运动功能评估量表(Fugl-Meyer assessment,FMA)、日常生活活动能力表(Barthel index,BI)对研究组和对照组进行评估。结果治疗前,研究组与对照组NPY、NT水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后10d,22d及34d,研究组NPY、NT水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗前、治疗后10~22d及对照组治疗前、治疗后10~34d NPY和NT水平均显著高于正常值(P<0.05),两组NPY和NT水平逐渐下降,研究组34d基本恢复正常,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,研究组与对照组NIHSS、MMSE、Fugl-Meyer、BI评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后34d,90d及180d,研究组NIHSS评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后34d,90d及180d,研究组MMSE、Fugl-Meyer、BI评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论HICH微创术后早期HBO治疗显著降低血浆NPY及NT水平,有利于患者神经功能、认知功能、躯体运动功能和日常生活能力恢复,值得临床普及应用。

中脑导水管周围灰质内神经降压素在电针镇痛中的作用

本工作以钾离子透入法引起大鼠甩尾反应的电流强度为痛反应指标，测定动物痛阈，观察到大鼠中脑导水管周围灰质（ＰＡＧ）内注入神经降压素（ＮＴ）后，大鼠痛阈和电针镇痛效应明显升高；注入抗神经降压素血清后，痛阈和电针镇痛效应明显降低。注入纳洛酮后，可明显减弱ＮＴ镇痛和电针镇痛的效应。提示，ＰＡＧ内ＮＴ参与电针镇痛的病理生理过程。