Reasearch on Occurrence Rules of Asian Corn Borer Ostrinia furnacalis in the Field of Waxy Corn

[Objective] This program aimed at providing basis for timely and effective control of Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis in waxy corn fields through investigations and researching on occurrence and damage characteristics of Ostrinia furnacalis in the main producing area of waxy corn of Shanxi Province.[Method] Attraction and collection of the adults,fixed-points and random investigations on eggs and larvae were the main methods in this research.[Result] Ostrinia furnacalis appeared in two generations per year in the field of waxy corns,the generations were basically nonoverlapping with significant interval.The peak period of the overwintering generation adults in the field of waxy corn was early to middle of June,peak period of the first generation adults was from early August to late August;peak period of the first generation eggs was from the end of early June to the binning of late June,the peak period of the second generation eggs was from the middle of early August to late August.Egg-laying performances of Ostrinia furnacalis on waxy corns in different growth period suggested that the temptation of waxy corns to egg-laying of Ostrinia furnacalis had gradually increased with the continuation of growth stages before the heading of waxy corns;while after the heading of waxy corns,the temptation of waxy corns to egg-laying of Ostrinia furnacalis had gradually reduced with the continuation of growth stages.The amount of eggs on waxy corns was more than eggs on normal corns with the same growth period and growth conditions.The first generation of Ostrinia furnacalis caused more serious damages than the second generation.The first generation larvae caused more serious damages on waxy corns with early sowing period than with middle sowing period,while the late sowing fields basically uninjured.The early sowing and middle sowing corns were damaged but lightly,due to the slight occurrence of the first generation larvae.The second generation larvae caused more serious damages in late sowing waxy corn field than in middle sowing waxy corn field.As the early sowing waxy corns were harvested before the beginning of damage peak period of the second generation larvae,they were basically uninjured or slightly damaged by the second generation larvae in general years.Because the second generation larvae were in large-scale occurrence,they had caused serious damages to late and later middle sowing waxy corns.Incidence of ear rot disease on the female ears of waxy corns was closely related to the damages of Ostrinia furnacalis on ears,which was higher on the ears infested by Ostrinia furnacalis.[Conclusion] Comprehensive control on the second generation of Ostrinia furnacalis in the mid and late sowing field of waxy corn should be strengthened.

Occurrence Rule and Forecast Method of Cotton Aphid in Poyang Lake Area in Jiujiang City

[Objective] The aim was to explore occurrence rules and forecast methods of cotton aphid in Poyang Lake Area in Jiujiang City to enrich prediction methods of cotton aphid in the area. [Method] The occurrence rules and influencing factors of cotton aphid in Pengze County in 28 years were analyzed with comparative analysis, correlation analysis and wavelet analysis. Furthermore, a long-term forecast model of occurrence grade of cotton aphid and a short-term forecast model of weather condi- tion suitability were established based on stepwise regression. In addition, a forecast test was conducted in cotton area in the north of Poyang Lake. [Result] The wavelet analysis showed that in recent 28 years, oscillating period at 4 years was significant for the occurrence grade of cotton aphid in the north of Poyang Lake, but insignifi- cant for cotton at seedling stage. The comparative and correlation analyses suggest- ed that occurrence of cotton aphid is of significant correlation with winter climate and weather conditions at middle and short periods. The prediction test indicated that long-term forecast model of occurrence grade of cotton aphid and short-term forecast model of weather condition suitability based on stepwise regression can be made use of in the areas with similar climate. [Conclusion] The research provides theoreti- cal references for prevention against cotton aphid in cotton-planting area.

Study on Occurrence Rule, Reason and Defense Measures of the Thunderstorm in Liaocheng in the Past 50 Years

[ Objective] The research aimed to study occurrence rule, reason and defense measures of the thunderstorm in Liaocheng in the past 50 years. [Method] By using meteorological observation records at 8 observatories of Uaocheng during 1963 -2012, occurrence rule of the thunderstorm was studied. Occurrence reason and defense measures were also analyzed. [ Result] Annual thunderstorm days presented decreasing trend in Liaocheng. The earliest thunderstorm occurred in February, while the latest thunderstorm occurred in November. Thunderstorm mainly appeared in June, July and August, which occupied 77.6% of that in whole year. Thunderstorm days among each county had small difference. Thunderstorm days in Dong＇e County reached the minimum, which was related to local underlying surface. Occurrence reason of the thunderstorm was analyzed from objective and subjective aspects. By combining the actual situation of Liaocheng, corresponding prevention countermeasures were put forward. [Conclusion] The research could provide reference basis for thunderstorm disaster prevention and reduction in Liaocheng.

Integrated Green Prevention and Control Techniques for Kiwifruit Canker Disease in "Guichang" Kiwifruit in Xiuwen County, Guizhou Province

Kiwifruit canker disease seriously affects the yield and quality of"Guichang"kiwifruit in Xiuwen County,Guizhou Province.In order to scientifically,safely,greenly and efficiently prevent and control the disease,theory was combined with prevention and control techniques to optimize existing prevention and control techniques,so as to improve the production yield and quality of kiwifruit.Specifically,biocontrol strains targeting local kiwifruit canker disease were screened,and reduced and mixed use of agrochemicals with improved efficiency was studied;and the effects and application techniques of disease resistance inducers and bioorganic fertilizers in inducing systemic disease resistance in kiwifruit trees were explored,and finally,an integrated green prevention and control scheme for kiwifruit canker disease that is suitable for kiwifruit production areas in Guizhou Province and has strong operability was proposed.This study provides technical support for green,efficient,standardized production technical services and sustainable and healthy development of kiwifruit industry.