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On-farm Conservation of Landraces of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) through Cultivation in the Kumaun Region of Indian Central Himalaya 被引量:1
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作者 R. K. Agnihotri L. M. S. Palni 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2007年第4期354-360,共7页
The Himalayan region is a known hot spot of crop diversity. Traditional varieties (usually called primitive cultivars or landraces), having withstood the rigors of time (including harsh climatic conditions as well as ... The Himalayan region is a known hot spot of crop diversity. Traditional varieties (usually called primitive cultivars or landraces), having withstood the rigors of time (including harsh climatic conditions as well as attacks of insects, pests and diseases), can still be found in crop fields in rural parts of Indian Central Himalaya (ICH). These landraces harbor many desired traits from which, for example, varieties that are tolerant/resistant to abiotic/biotic stresses could be developed. In addition to the above benefits, landraces provide a basis for food security and a more varied and interesting diet. Some landraces are also known to be of medicinal value. These, along with some lesser known hill crops, are often referred to by different names such as under exploited crops, crops for marginal lands, poor person crops, and neglected mountain crops. The Himalayan region continues to be a reservoir of a large number of landraces and cultivars whose economic and ecological potential is yet to be fully understood and/or exploited. Indians have had a history of rice cultivation since ancient times. Farmers, including tribals inhabiting the IHR, still cultivate a plethora of landraces of rice and thus directly contribute towardson-farm conservation of valuable germplasm and help in the preservation of crop diversity. The present paper looks at the on-farm conservation of rice germplasm, which is still practised in the Kumaun region of ICH. 展开更多
关键词 GERMPLASM HIMALAYA LANDRACES on-farm conservation RICE
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On-farm Evaluation and Demonstration of Different Feeding Treatment for Beef Cattle Fattening in Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha District, East Shoa Zone
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作者 Aman Gudeto Tesfaye Alemu T. +3 位作者 Ashebir Worku Frehiwot Mesele Genet Dadi Mieso Guru 《NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences》 2020年第1期21-25,共5页
Evaluation and demonstration study was conducted at Kemo-Gerbi kebele of Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha district on two to three year old Borana bulls with the objectives of evaluation and demonstration of bulls fattening t... Evaluation and demonstration study was conducted at Kemo-Gerbi kebele of Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha district on two to three year old Borana bulls with the objectives of evaluation and demonstration of bulls fattening technologies at on-farm level.One farmer’s research extension group(FREG)was formed for fattening the bulls.Twenty bulls were purchased from Borana zone by farmers for the fattening trials.Two feeding treatments(T1=crushed maize grain(20%)+wheat bran(45%)+35%Noug cake and T2=wheat bran(65%)+cotton seed cake(35%))were evaluated at on-farm.Eight hour grazing was common for both treatments.The animals were randomly assigned for dietary rations and data on live weight change of the animals were taken using weight chart tape(developed by JICA project).Finishing weights,total weight gain and daily weight gain of the bulls were not different(P>0.05)between the treatments.Bulls fed on treatment one attained an average daily weight gain of 0.83 kg per bull;while bulls fed on treatment two gained 0.76 kg per bull per day.Total gross margin of treatment one(53,154.5 ETB)was higher than treatment two(49,467.75 ETB).Cost-benefit analysis showed that feeding option number one(T1)is more profitable than feeding option number two(T2).However,fatteners can use any of the feeding options depending on availability of the ingredients in their area. 展开更多
关键词 Borana bulls Beef fattening technologies on-farm cattle fattening
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Challenges and Opportunities of On-farm Tree Planting as an Alternative Wood Source on Mt. Marsabit, Northern Kenya: Towards Mitigating Climate Change
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作者 I. H. M. Warui A. A. Aboud +1 位作者 P. Chegge-Mungai J. W. Wamuongo 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology》 2011年第4期486-494,共9页
Constraints and probable pathway towards increasing tree density and diversity within farmlands as a means of reducing human dependency on Mt. Marsabit forest for wood are addressed. The forest provides a carbon sink ... Constraints and probable pathway towards increasing tree density and diversity within farmlands as a means of reducing human dependency on Mt. Marsabit forest for wood are addressed. The forest provides a carbon sink to counteract the risks and hazards associated with climate change. A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 205 respondents that were selected from a population of 3075 farming households using a systematic random sampling procedure. While majority of the farms (53%) had low tree density (1-10 trees), only 8% of the farms had high density (≥ 20 trees). About 50% and 15% farms had Grevelia robusta and Eucalyptus cammudelensis, which were grown for timber production, respectively. Broad leafed trees, like Croton megalocarpus and Moringa stenoptella had been established in 17% of the farmlands, respectively. With only 20% of the households having a fence around the crop fields, coupled by widely inter-household sharing of crop residues for grazing, tree browsing by livestock was a constraint to tree establishment. The challenges present an opportunity to establish governance structures and processes for communal responsibility and management of tree resources in the farms. A plausible approach entails the Adaptive Collaborative Management (ACM) as a process that facilitates to experiential learning and negotiation for probable actions and policies in management of natural resources. 展开更多
关键词 Mt. Marsabit forest density and diversity of on-farm trees climate change tree establishment constraints adaptivecollaborative management.
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On-farm Conservation of Sweet Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in Andalusia
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作者 M. A. Martin J. B. Alvarez +3 位作者 C. Mattioni M. Cherubini F. Villani L. M. Martin 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology》 2011年第2期154-160,共7页
Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), the only native species of Castanea genus in Europe, occupies over 12,000 ha in Andalusia (South of Spain). From 2000 until now, we have carried out different activities foc... Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), the only native species of Castanea genus in Europe, occupies over 12,000 ha in Andalusia (South of Spain). From 2000 until now, we have carried out different activities focused on the location and cataloguing of the different chestnut groves in the region and the evaluation of the genetic variability contained in this germplasm. Two different types of chestnut groves were detected: one of clonal nature (varieties obtained by grafting) and another of open pollination (trees from seed). In the first case, the aim of our study was to identify and characterise the main chestnut traditional varieties. High levels of genetic variability were detected in clonal orchards by means of morphological and molecular analysis. A total of 38 varieties were identified: 12 in Huelva and 26 in Malaga regions. Moreover, we reported data about the presence of synonymies and homonymies. Our results indicate that chestnut production in this region is a traditional system that uses varieties developed in situ, constituting a genuine system of 'on farm' conservation. Nevertheless, their preservation is seriously threatened in most zones due to the varietal substitution, the low profit or the abandonment, which determines the urgent necessity to safeguard these genetic resources. Furthermore, preliminary results for chestnut populations indicated a high degree of genetic variation. 展开更多
关键词 Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) genetics resources on-farm conservation.
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The effects of on-farm produced feeds on growth, survival, yield and feed cost of juvenile African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) 被引量:1
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作者 Samwel Mchele Limbu 《Aquaculture and Fisheries》 2020年第1期58-64,共7页
The culture of African sharptooth catfish(Clarias gariepinus)in most developing countries lacks suitable diets for semi-intensive production.The present study evaluated the growth performance,survival,nutrient utiliza... The culture of African sharptooth catfish(Clarias gariepinus)in most developing countries lacks suitable diets for semi-intensive production.The present study evaluated the growth performance,survival,nutrient utilization,hepatosomatic index(HSI),body composition,yield and feeding cost of African catfish fed on semi-intensive feeds 1(SMF1)and semi-intensive feed 2(SMF2)produced on-farm and an industrially manufactured(IM)feed as a control.Two hundred fish(14.95±0.24 g)were stocked in triplicate earthen ponds and fed the three diets at 5%of the body weight for eight weeks.The final weight,specific growth rate and yield of fish fed the SMF2 diet was significantly lower than SMF1 and IM diets.However,no significant differences were revelead in final weight,specific growth rate and yield between fish fed SMF1 and IM diets.The survival rate,feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio of fish did not differ among the diets.Apparent net protein utilization was significantly higher on fish fed the SMF2 and SMF1 diets than IM diet.The HSI of fish fed the IM diet was significantly higher and the livers were yellow-coloured compared to smaller and brownish/reddish livers of fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 diets.The fish fed the IM diet had statistically lower ash content than SMF1 diet.The incidence cost of fish fed the IM diet was 35%higher,while its profit index was 31%lower than fish fed the SMF1 and SMF2 diets.Taken together,African catfish farmers can reduce feed cost up to 30%by using on-farm produced feeds when formulated properly and blended without affecting fish growth performance,survival and yield while obtaining better protein retention and healthier fish. 展开更多
关键词 Feed cost African catfish Clarias gariepinus Profit index on-farm feeds Yellow livers
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三维一策:夏热冬冷地区绿色农宅营建体系研究——以江苏省常熟市吴家农宅为例
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作者 丁建华 李颜 +1 位作者 郭乾 吴颖怡 《绿色建筑》 CAS 2024年第3期27-34,共8页
以夏热冬冷地区农宅的绿色营建为研究对象,结合江苏省常熟市吴家农宅的绿色建造实践,提出地域性农宅“三维一策”的理论方法,即地域性“环境—资源—能源”的配置维度、地域性“农村经济—生活模式”的吻合维度、去城市住宅特征的地域... 以夏热冬冷地区农宅的绿色营建为研究对象,结合江苏省常熟市吴家农宅的绿色建造实践,提出地域性农宅“三维一策”的理论方法,即地域性“环境—资源—能源”的配置维度、地域性“农村经济—生活模式”的吻合维度、去城市住宅特征的地域性农村农宅的本体维度和地域性气候条件下农宅绿色技术体系的适宜选取。通过对吴家农宅进行“三维一策”理论方法应用的解构和诠释,为我国乡村农宅绿色营建提供具体理论方法和创作案例参考。 展开更多
关键词 “三维一策” 夏热冬冷地区 绿色农宅 营建体系
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宁夏某风电场“以大代小”等容改造方案比选
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作者 陈原 《宁夏电力》 2024年第4期27-30,共4页
风能是可再生能源的重要组成部分,是实现“双碳”目标的重要支撑。早期的风电场因设备老旧、运维成本高,故对风电机组进行技改升级迫在眉睫。鉴于此,以宁夏某风电场“以大代小”等容改造为例,在分析风资源、土地资源的基础上,从技术方... 风能是可再生能源的重要组成部分,是实现“双碳”目标的重要支撑。早期的风电场因设备老旧、运维成本高,故对风电机组进行技改升级迫在眉睫。鉴于此,以宁夏某风电场“以大代小”等容改造为例,在分析风资源、土地资源的基础上,从技术方案、经济性角度开展方案比选,将原有108台850 kW风机布置为9台5.0 MW+9台5.2 MW机组,实现土地资源节约利用与风资源效能增加,并为后期增容留有建设空间。改造结果表明,改造后发电利用小时数可以提高到2 710 h,同比提升2.45倍,方案比选为后续同类项目的实施有一定的借鉴作用。 展开更多
关键词 风电场 以大代小 技术改造 方案比选
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Determinants of Household Choice of Livelihood Diversification Strategies in Selected Drought Prone Areas of the Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples’ Region, Ethiopia
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作者 Aschalew Aweke Tewodros Tefera +1 位作者 Muluken Gezahegn Million Sileshi 《Agricultural Sciences》 2023年第10期1375-1392,共18页
The study aimed at identifying the determinants of household’s choice of livelihood diversification strategies. The result of the study based on a total of 384 sample respondents selected using multistage sampling pr... The study aimed at identifying the determinants of household’s choice of livelihood diversification strategies. The result of the study based on a total of 384 sample respondents selected using multistage sampling procedures. Furthermore the study employed bivariate Probit econometric model to identify factors affecting household’s choice of livelihood diversification strategies. The result of the descriptive statistics showed that households in the study area were engaged in four types of combination of livelihood diversification strategies: on-farm only, on-farm plus off-farm, on-farm plus non-farm, and on-farm plus off-farm plus non-farm with their respective share of 34.9, 11.5, 47.9 and 5.7 percent respectively. The econometric model result showed that wealth, sex, education level, livestok holding, and training were negatively and significantly determined households choice of off-farm livelihood strategies;whereas past erosion hazard and distance to market were positively and significantly determined their choice of off-farm livelihood strategies. On the other hand, wealth, dependency ratio, past erosion hazard, market availability, yield loss/reduction due to drought, distance to credit source, distance to market, frequency of extension contact, and ICT ownership (Radio, TV and/or Mobile phone) positively determine household’s choice of non-farm livelihood strategies whereas access to irrigation and distance to credit negatively determined their choice of non-farm livelihood strategies. 展开更多
关键词 Determinants DROUGHT Livelihood Diversification Non-farm Off-Farm on-farm
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基于局部红外图像的种猪核心温度反演
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作者 徐迪红 韩宏鑫 +2 位作者 刘小磊 赵书红 黎煊 《华中农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2023年第3期57-62,共6页
为了获取种猪的核心体温,收集大白猪、长白猪、大白×长白二元杂3个品种共108头母猪样本,使用手持式红外热像仪获取种猪眼睛、耳根、脖子、肩部、前背、后背、臀尖、尾根、外阴、臀部、腹部共11个部位的红外图像信息;通过温度、湿... 为了获取种猪的核心体温,收集大白猪、长白猪、大白×长白二元杂3个品种共108头母猪样本,使用手持式红外热像仪获取种猪眼睛、耳根、脖子、肩部、前背、后背、臀尖、尾根、外阴、臀部、腹部共11个部位的红外图像信息;通过温度、湿度、风速传感器获取相应猪场的环境信息。利用基于5×4嵌套交叉验证对数据进行样本集划分,并采用标准化及独热编码方式对数据进行预处理,分别建立基于红外图像技术的种猪核心温度与局部红外图像及环境因素的最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVR)、支持向量机、随机森林以及岭回归定量分析模型。通过验证确定LSSVR模型为表现最优的模型,模型决定系数R2为0.639,RMSE、MAE分别为0.133、0.110℃。为了提升模型拟合效果,增加了猪品种、妊娠时间、是否发情以及采集时段(上、下午)4个可能的影响因素,结果显示,除了种猪品种对模型结果没有贡献,其他因素使模型R2分别提高了4%、8%、10%,最终模型R2为0.773,RMSE、MAE分别为0.106、0.09℃。表明增加妊娠时间、是否发情以及采集时段(上、下午)3个因素,可以明显地增强模型的拟合度,模型更加精确,可作为种猪核心温度反演的一个因素。 展开更多
关键词 种猪体温 红外热成像 独热编码 快速检测 智慧养殖
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贵州两湖一库地区山水林(草)田湖人景耦合协调时空演变格局分析 被引量:1
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作者 张绍钒 廖洋一 苏维词 《湿地科学与管理》 2023年第2期2-7,共6页
明晰山水林(草)田湖人景生命共同体的耦合协调状况可为探索区域人与自然和谐共生模式和区域高质量发展提供参考。通过构建山水林(草)田湖人景耦合协调评价体系,运用耦合协调度模型对贵州两湖一库地区及各区县山水林(草)田湖人景的耦合... 明晰山水林(草)田湖人景生命共同体的耦合协调状况可为探索区域人与自然和谐共生模式和区域高质量发展提供参考。通过构建山水林(草)田湖人景耦合协调评价体系,运用耦合协调度模型对贵州两湖一库地区及各区县山水林(草)田湖人景的耦合协调状况进行诊断分析。结果表明:1)2010—2020年,研究区整体的耦合协调度较低,处于基本协调等级。其中,观山湖区由初级协调型上升到中级协调型,花溪区由中级协调型退化到初级协调型,云岩区从勉强协调型下降到濒临失调型,而清镇市、平坝区和南明区较为稳定。2)区域整体上子系统发展不平衡,水子系统较好,而林(草)子系统发展较差。3)从区县尺度来看,大部分区县都存在明显的子系统短板:主城区是林和湖子系统,非主城区则相对均衡一些,但个别区县的人子系统发展较差。 展开更多
关键词 贵州两湖一库地区 山水林(草)田湖人景 耦合协调 时空演变格局
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基于直驱式永磁同步发电机组的风电场动态建模 被引量:38
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作者 夏玥 李征 +1 位作者 蔡旭 马彦宏 《电网技术》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2014年第6期1439-1445,共7页
根据某大型风电基地200 MW标准直驱机组风场的电气参数和出力数据,利用风机功率曲线求取等效风速,按照单机法思想建立了直驱式永磁机组风电场的单机聚合模型。运用DIgSILENT PowerFactory软件建模仿真,与详细风场模型、多机法聚合模型... 根据某大型风电基地200 MW标准直驱机组风场的电气参数和出力数据,利用风机功率曲线求取等效风速,按照单机法思想建立了直驱式永磁机组风电场的单机聚合模型。运用DIgSILENT PowerFactory软件建模仿真,与详细风场模型、多机法聚合模型进行了对比,探讨了模型的可行性。此外,分析了风场集电线路对聚合模型精度的影响,并提出了单机聚合法的适用性和建模过程中集电线路的取舍原则。 展开更多
关键词 永磁同步风电机组 风场 单机聚合模型 多机聚合模型 DIgSLENT PowerFactory
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Conservation of Traditional Rice Varieties in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS):Rice-Fish Co-Culture 被引量:15
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作者 XIE Jian WU Xuex +4 位作者 WU Xue TANG Jian-jun ZHANG Jia-en LUO Shi-ming CHEN Xin 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2011年第5期754-761,共8页
The traditional rice-fish farming system is selected as a "globally important agricultural heritage system" (GIAHS) by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO),United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),an... The traditional rice-fish farming system is selected as a "globally important agricultural heritage system" (GIAHS) by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO),United Nations Development Programme (UNDP),and Global Environment Facility (GEF),etc.In Zhejiang Province of China,where the pilot site for this GIAHS farming system is located,we compared the use of traditional rice varieties in rice-fish co-culture and rice monoculture.Further,we determined how traditional rice varieties were performed in this rice-fish system.Only 19% of the farmers who practiced rice monoculture planted traditional varieties while 52% of farmers who practiced rice-fish co-culture planted traditional varieties.Traditional varieties represented 13% of the total land cultivated under rice in the rice-fish system but only 2% in the rice monoculture system.In the rice-fish system,yield was lower for traditional rice varieties than hybrid varieties but application of fertilizers and pesticides was also lower.In a field experiment in the rice-fish system without pesticides,rice planthopper numbers and sheath blight incidence were lower from three traditional varieties than one hybrid variety;yields were 8 to 32% lower from the traditional varieties than the hybrid.Our results showed that traditional rice varieties can be preserved through conserving GIAHS rice-fish co-culture.Our study also indicated that traditional rice varieties can survive in the rice-fish system because these varieties are helpful to the whole system and beneficial to the farmers. 展开更多
关键词 hybrid rice varieties on-farm conservation rice monoculture traditional rice-fish farming
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广东稻田耕作制改革策略与初步成效 被引量:34
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作者 李康活 周少川 《广东农业科学》 CAS CSCD 2006年第2期11-14,共4页
分析了目前广东一些耕作制度存在过分强调直接经济效益及对耕地资源从外在数量到内在质量的过度利用,带来粮食安全与稻田效益增长不协调、菜田用地与养地不协调两大突出问题,提出了要突破传统种植制度观念束缚、以“菜稻(一季中晚稻)菜... 分析了目前广东一些耕作制度存在过分强调直接经济效益及对耕地资源从外在数量到内在质量的过度利用,带来粮食安全与稻田效益增长不协调、菜田用地与养地不协调两大突出问题,提出了要突破传统种植制度观念束缚、以“菜稻(一季中晚稻)菜”轮作高效耕作制(123种植模式)为主要内容推动广东稻(菜)田耕作制度改革的策略,阐述了“123种植模式”的科学与技术内涵和创新实质以及实施该耕作模式的初步成效。 展开更多
关键词 耕作制度 菜稻轮作 一季中晚稻 123种植模式
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Survey of Rice Cropping Systems in Kampong Chhnang Province,Cambodia 被引量:1
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作者 Volker KLEINHENZ Sophon CHEA Ngin HUN 《Rice science》 SCIE 2013年第2期154-164,共11页
Although Cambodia might have achieved self-sufficiency and an exported surplus in rice production,its rice-based farming systems are widely associated with low productivity,low farmer income and rural poverty.The stud... Although Cambodia might have achieved self-sufficiency and an exported surplus in rice production,its rice-based farming systems are widely associated with low productivity,low farmer income and rural poverty.The study is based on a questionnaire village survey in 14 communes containing 97 villages of Kampong Chhnang Province from March to June,2011.It analyzes the prevailing rice-based cropping systems and evaluates options for their improvement.Differences in cropping systems depend on the distance from the Tonle Sap water bodies.At distances greater than 10 km,transplanted wet-season rice cropping system with low productivity of about 1.6 t/hm 2 prevails.This deficiency can be primarily attributed to soils with high coarse sand fractions and low pH (〈 4.0),use of 'late' cultivars,and exclusive use of self-propagated seeds.To improve this cropping system,commercial 'medium' cultivars help prevent crop failure by shortening the cultivation period by one month and complementation of wet-season rice with non-rice crops should be expanded.Areas adjacent (≤ 1 km) to the water bodies become inundated for up to seven months between July until January of each year.In this area,soils contain more fine sand,silt and clay,and their pH is higher (〉 4.0).Farmers predominantly cultivate dry-season recession rice between January and April.Seventy-nine percent of the area is sown directly and harvested by combines.Adoption ratio of commercial rice seeds is 59% and yields average 3.2 t/hm 2.Introduction of the second dry-season rice between April and July may double annual yields in this rice cropping system.Besides upgrading other cultivation technologies,using seeds from commercial sources will improve yield and rice quality.Along with rice,farmers grow non-rice crops at different intensities ranging from single annual crops to intensive sequences at low yields. 展开更多
关键词 rice cropping system socioeconomic indicator on-farm activity rice production
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基于改进猴群算法的山地风电场建模研究 被引量:3
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作者 孙承祥 宋玮 +1 位作者 王磊 汪春莉 《可再生能源》 CAS 北大核心 2015年第2期220-225,共6页
根据风电场等值建模理论,利用风电场的详细模型,提出了一种基于改进猴群算法的山地风电场建模方法,并在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立一个9 MW的小型风电场进行了仿真实验。通过三种风速下的仿真结果表明,基于改进猴群算法的单机等值模型... 根据风电场等值建模理论,利用风电场的详细模型,提出了一种基于改进猴群算法的山地风电场建模方法,并在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立一个9 MW的小型风电场进行了仿真实验。通过三种风速下的仿真结果表明,基于改进猴群算法的单机等值模型和详细模型具有基本一致的运行特性,可以更加简单方便地得到风电场的模型,这为大型山地风电场的等值建模提供了基础。 展开更多
关键词 山地风电场 等值模型 单机表征法 改进猴群算法
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Initial Field Evaluation of the Agro-Economic Effects of Determining Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates with a Recently-Developed Soil Test Methodology 被引量:1
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作者 R. Daren Harmel Richard L. Haney 《Open Journal of Soil Science》 2013年第2期91-99,共9页
Although agriculture is not the only contributor of excess nutrients to US waters, agriculture is an important contributor and should do its part to reduce nutrient loading. One important step in reducing agricultural... Although agriculture is not the only contributor of excess nutrients to US waters, agriculture is an important contributor and should do its part to reduce nutrient loading. One important step in reducing agricultural contribution is to accurately account for all sources of plant available nutrients so that only needed nutrients are applied. In this study, three fertilizer rate treatments were evaluated: no fertilizer (control), traditional rate, and reduced rate based on a recently-developed enhanced soil test methodology. For each of nine sites in Texas, fertilizer data (formulation, rate, cost, and application date) and crop data (yield, price, and harvest date) were recorded, and economic throughput (profit) was determined. In this four year study, fertilizer rates were reduced 30%-50% (and fertilizer costs reduced 23%-39%) based on enhanced soil test methodology recommendations for wheat, corn, oats, and grain sorghum, but yields were not significantly reduced (0%-6%) and oat yields actually increased 5%. Profit decreased -18% for wheat, oats, and grain sorghum with reduced fertilizer rates. Although these changes were not statistically significant, they do represent benefit through increased profit potential and decreased input cost and production risk. In only 6% of the time was the traditional fertilizer rate the most profitable, compared to 51% for the unfertilized treatment and 43% for the enhanced soil test treatment. These results do not indicate that fertilizer application should be avoided but that fertilizer rates should be carefully chosen considering all sources of plant available nutrients (e.g., mineralization, irrigation water, nutrients deeper in the soil profile) to ensure that fertilizer is applied at the optimal rate. 展开更多
关键词 Soil Tests CROP YIELDS on-farm PROFIT Water Quality
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养殖场粪污“三分离一净化”综合处理技术集成研究 被引量:24
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作者 王子臣 吴昊 +2 位作者 管永祥 梁永红 刘赟 《农业资源与环境学报》 CAS 2013年第5期63-67,共5页
通过对现有的比较成熟的雨污分流工艺、干清粪工艺、挤压脱水工艺以及废水深度净化处理等工艺技术集成,设计养殖场粪污"三分离一净化"综合处理工程模式,并选择养殖场实施示范工程建设。实践表明,本研究在解决规模畜禽养殖场... 通过对现有的比较成熟的雨污分流工艺、干清粪工艺、挤压脱水工艺以及废水深度净化处理等工艺技术集成,设计养殖场粪污"三分离一净化"综合处理工程模式,并选择养殖场实施示范工程建设。实践表明,本研究在解决规模畜禽养殖场粪污综合处理与利用方面成效显著,养殖污水COD和氨氮去除率均达96%以上,且运行可靠、管理方便,适宜有条件的地区推广运行。 展开更多
关键词 三分离一净化 养殖场 雨污分流 干湿分离 固液分离 生态净化
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江苏里下河地区“一稻两虾”共作模式生产技术规程 被引量:12
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作者 朱凌宇 张家宏 +5 位作者 寇祥明 王守红 韩光明 李锦霞 陆佩玲 陈京都 《湖北农业科学》 2017年第15期2811-2813,共3页
"一稻两虾"共作模式是江苏省里下河地区利用稻虾互利共生,实现生态种养一体化的农渔结合模式,其生产过程绿色环保、节本增效,具有显著的生态经济价值和应用推广潜力。为进一步规范该模式生产技术,从品种选择、田间工程设置、时空耦合... "一稻两虾"共作模式是江苏省里下河地区利用稻虾互利共生,实现生态种养一体化的农渔结合模式,其生产过程绿色环保、节本增效,具有显著的生态经济价值和应用推广潜力。为进一步规范该模式生产技术,从品种选择、田间工程设置、时空耦合、田间种养管理等技术层面进行操作规范,以期为江苏里下河地区推广应用"一稻两虾"共作模式提供技术支持。 展开更多
关键词 一稻两虾 共作模式 生产技术 规程
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粮食主产区种稻大户稻作经营“双季改单季”行为的实证研究--基于江西省619个种稻大户的调研 被引量:9
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作者 翁贞林 王雅鹏 《生态经济》 CSSCI 北大核心 2009年第4期45-47,51,共4页
文章以江西省619个种稻大户为例,应用Logit模型分析,分析大户水稻"双季改单季"行为选择的主要影响因素。研究结果表明,大户村域特征、农户家庭资源与生产经营特征及政策与控制认知特征等方面的13种因素对大户"双季改单季... 文章以江西省619个种稻大户为例,应用Logit模型分析,分析大户水稻"双季改单季"行为选择的主要影响因素。研究结果表明,大户村域特征、农户家庭资源与生产经营特征及政策与控制认知特征等方面的13种因素对大户"双季改单季"行为选择有着不同程度和不同方向的影响。本研究也提出了相应建议。 展开更多
关键词 种稻大户行为 双季改单季 影响因素 LOGIT模型
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西藏“一江两河”河谷农区农牧生态系统结构分析 被引量:2
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作者 杨正礼 李新平 《西北农业大学学报》 CSCD 1995年第4期30-32,共3页
对西藏三地市(拉萨、山南和日喀则)的种植业结构与畜牧业结构进行研究的结果表明,该区作物构成及畜禽构成均有较大的不合理性;农牧关系松散,不利于该区农牧业整体的持续发展.文中还提出了该区农牧系统结构调整的基本方向与建议.
关键词 种植业结构 农牧结构 农牧生态系统 西藏
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