Image quality assessment(IQA)is constantly innovating,but there are still three types of stickers that have not been resolved:the“content sticker”-limitation of training set,the“annotation sticker”-subjective inst...Image quality assessment(IQA)is constantly innovating,but there are still three types of stickers that have not been resolved:the“content sticker”-limitation of training set,the“annotation sticker”-subjective instability in opinion scores and the“distortion sticker”-disordered distortion settings.In this paper,a No-Reference Image Quality Assessment(NR IQA)approach is proposed to deal with the problems.For“content sticker”,we introduce the idea of pairwise comparison and generate a largescale ranking set to pre-train the network;For“annotation sticker”,the absolute noise-containing subjective scores are transformed into ranking comparison results,and we design an indirect unsupervised regression based on EigenValue Decomposition(EVD);For“distortion sticker”,we propose a perception-based distortion classification method,which makes the distortion types clear and refined.Experiments have proved that our NR IQA approach Experiments show that the algorithm performs well and has good generalization ability.Furthermore,the proposed perception based distortion classification method would be able to provide insights on how the visual related studies may be developed and to broaden our understanding of human visual system.展开更多
Deep learning-based approaches are applied successfully in manyfields such as deepFake identification,big data analysis,voice recognition,and image recognition.Deepfake is the combination of deep learning in fake creati...Deep learning-based approaches are applied successfully in manyfields such as deepFake identification,big data analysis,voice recognition,and image recognition.Deepfake is the combination of deep learning in fake creation,which states creating a fake image or video with the help of artificial intelligence for political abuse,spreading false information,and pornography.The artificial intel-ligence technique has a wide demand,increasing the problems related to privacy,security,and ethics.This paper has analyzed the features related to the computer vision of digital content to determine its integrity.This method has checked the computer vision features of the image frames using the fuzzy clustering feature extraction method.By the proposed deep belief network with loss handling,the manipulation of video/image is found by means of a pairwise learning approach.This proposed approach has improved the accuracy of the detection rate by 98%on various datasets.展开更多
Learning to Rank(L2R)技术是对搜索结果进行排序,是近几年的研究热点。现关于L2R中的PairWise方法进行研究分析,PairWise方法将排序问题转化为二元分类问题,其缺点是只考虑两篇文档的相对顺序,而不考虑文档出现在搜索结果列表中的位置...Learning to Rank(L2R)技术是对搜索结果进行排序,是近几年的研究热点。现关于L2R中的PairWise方法进行研究分析,PairWise方法将排序问题转化为二元分类问题,其缺点是只考虑两篇文档的相对顺序,而不考虑文档出现在搜索结果列表中的位置。另外,不同的查询拥有的文档对数目不同,结果会向拥有文档对较多的查询偏移。对常用的PairWise算法的损失函数及其求解方法、基本思想、算法框架、效用评价以及算法应用进行概括分析。展开更多
We discuss the properties of incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in a knot complement by using twist crossing number. Let K be a pretzel knot or rational knot that its twistindex is less than 6, and l...We discuss the properties of incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in a knot complement by using twist crossing number. Let K be a pretzel knot or rational knot that its twistindex is less than 6, and let F be an incompressible pairwise incompressible surface in S 3-K. Then F is a punctured sphere.展开更多
In this paper we introduce the concept of pairwise singular sets and pairwise singular maps between pairwise locally compact and pairwise hausdorff spaces and study the properties of pairwise singular maps.
In this article, the authors study some limit properties for sequences of pairwise NQD random variables, which are not necessarily identically distributed. They obtain Baum and Katz complete convergence and the strong...In this article, the authors study some limit properties for sequences of pairwise NQD random variables, which are not necessarily identically distributed. They obtain Baum and Katz complete convergence and the strong stability of Jamison＇s weighted sums for pairwise NQD random variables, which may have different distributions. Some wellknown results are improved and extended.展开更多
The central subject of studying in this paper is incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in link complements. Let L be a non-split prime link and let F be an incompressible pairwise incompressible surface in S...The central subject of studying in this paper is incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in link complements. Let L be a non-split prime link and let F be an incompressible pairwise incompressible surface in S3 - L. We discuss the properties that the surface F intersects with 2-spheres in S3 - L. The intersection forms a topological graph consisting of a collection of circles and saddle-shaped discs. We introduce topological graphs and their moves （R-move and S2-move）, and define the characteristic number of the topological graph for F∩S2±. The characteristic number is unchanged under the moves. In fact, the number is exactly the Euler Characteristic number of the surface when a graph satisfies some conditions. By these ways, we characterize the properties of incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in alternating （or almost alternating） link complements. We prove that the genus of the surface equals zero if the component number of F∩S2＋（or F∩S2-） is less than five and the graph is simple for alternating or almost alternating links. Furthermore, one can prove that the genus of the surface is zero if #（F） ≤8.展开更多
Based on the calculation of all the pairwise entanglements in the n （n ≤ 6）-qubit Heisenberg XX open chain with system impurity, we find an important result： pairwise entanglement can only be transferred by an ent...Based on the calculation of all the pairwise entanglements in the n （n ≤ 6）-qubit Heisenberg XX open chain with system impurity, we find an important result： pairwise entanglement can only be transferred by an entangled pair. The non-nearest pairwise entanglements will have the possibility to exist as long as there has been even number of qubits in their middle. This point indicates that we can obtain longer distance entanglement in a solid system.展开更多
In a panmictic population of constant size N, random pairs of individuals will have a most recent shared ancestor who lived slightly more than 0.5 log<sub>2</sub>N generations previously, on average. The p...In a panmictic population of constant size N, random pairs of individuals will have a most recent shared ancestor who lived slightly more than 0.5 log<sub>2</sub>N generations previously, on average. The probability that a random pair of individuals will share at least one ancestor who lived 0.5 log<sub>2</sub>N generations ago, or more recently, is about 50%. Those individuals, if they do share an ancestor from that generation, would be cousins of degree (0.5 log<sub>2</sub>N) - 1. Shared ancestry from progressively earlier generations increases rapidly until there is universal pairwise shared ancestry. At that point, every individual has one or more ancestors in common with every other individual in the population, although different pairs may share different ancestors. Those ancestors lived approximately 0.7 log<sub>2</sub>N generations in the past, or more recently. Qualitatively, the ancestries of random pairs have about 50% similarity for ancestors who lived about 0.9 log<sub>2</sub>N generations before the present. That is, about half of the ancestors from that generation belonging to one member of the pair are present also in the genealogy of the other member. Qualitative pairwise similarity increases to more than 99% for ancestors who lived about 1.4 log<sub>2</sub>N generations in the past. Similar results apply to a metric of quantitative pairwise genealogical overlap.展开更多
Simulation was used to investigate the effects of population structure and migration on metrics of pairwise shared ancestry. Random and hierarchical structures, or migration geometries, were examined. Compared to panm...Simulation was used to investigate the effects of population structure and migration on metrics of pairwise shared ancestry. Random and hierarchical structures, or migration geometries, were examined. Compared to panmictic populations, progress to all qualitative metrics of pairwise ancestry is delayed in structured populations. However, unless migration is very low, the time required is generally less than triple and often less than twice that required in a panmictic population of the same total size. Population structure also increases, to a similar degree, the time required for a population-wide most recent common ancestor (MRCA). As a result, the relationships between various qualitative metrics of pairwise shared ancestry and MRCA time are relatively unaffected by population structure. For example, the mean time to most recent shared ancestor (MRSA) with global sampling of pairs is 40% - 50% of the MRCA time for almost all simulated structures and migration levels. Quantitative pairwise genealogical overlap is strongly affected by population structure. With global sampling, pairwise quantitative overlap never approaches 1.0, as it does in panmictic populations;and instead eventually becomes stationary at much lower values. Possible implications of the present results for human pairwise shared ancestry are discussed. For globally sampled pairs, the longest time to most recent shared ancestor (MRSA) for humans is suggested to be approximately 2100 years before the present. If generation time is 30 years, then all humans are 69th, or closer, cousins. For people with recent European ancestry, the MRSA time may be only half as long, about 1000 years.展开更多
We investigate the behavior of geometric global quantum discord （GGQD） and concurrence （C） between half- spins of a mixed-three-spin （1/2, 1, 1/2） system with the Ising-XY model for which spins （1, 1/2） have t...We investigate the behavior of geometric global quantum discord （GGQD） and concurrence （C） between half- spins of a mixed-three-spin （1/2, 1, 1/2） system with the Ising-XY model for which spins （1, 1/2） have the Ising interaction and half-spins （1/2, 1/2） have both XY and the Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interactions together, under the decoherence action. A single-ion anisotropy property with coefficient ζ is assumed for the spin-integer. This system which includes an analytical Hamiltonian is considered at the front of an external homogeneous magnetic field B in thermal equilibrium. Finally, we compare GGQD and C and express some interesting phase flip reactions of the total quantum correlation and pairwise entanglement between spins （1/2, 1/2）. Generally, we conclude that the concurrence and GGQD have different behaviors under the phase flip channel.展开更多
We investigate the performances of the pairwise correlations（PCs） in different quantum networks consisting of fourwave mixers（FWMs） and beamsplitters（BSs）. PCs with quantum correlation in different quantum netwo...We investigate the performances of the pairwise correlations（PCs） in different quantum networks consisting of fourwave mixers（FWMs） and beamsplitters（BSs）. PCs with quantum correlation in different quantum networks can be verified by calculating the degree of relative intensity squeezing for any pair of all the output fields. More interestingly, the quantum correlation recovery and enhancement are present in the FWM＋BS network and the repulsion effect phenomena（signal（idler）-frequency mode cannot be quantum correlated with the other two idler（signal）-frequency modes simultaneously）between the PCs with quantum correlation are predicted in the FWM ＋ FWM and FWM ＋ FWM ＋ FWM networks. Our results presented here pave the way for the manipulation of the quantum correlation in quantum networks.展开更多
We calculate the concurrence of all pairwise entanglement of Heisenberg XX open chain with single systemimpurity in three-qubit and four-qubit cases,and find that the impurity parameter J_i has great effect on pairwis...We calculate the concurrence of all pairwise entanglement of Heisenberg XX open chain with single systemimpurity in three-qubit and four-qubit cases,and find that the impurity parameter J_i has great effect on pairwiseentanglement.Choosing the proper parameter J_i,we can obtain the maximal pairwise entanglement of the nearestqubits and make the non-nearest qubits entangle.展开更多
To guarantee the optimal reduct set, a heuristic reduction algorithm is proposed, which considers the distinguishing information between the members of each pair decision classes. Firstly the pairwise positive region ...To guarantee the optimal reduct set, a heuristic reduction algorithm is proposed, which considers the distinguishing information between the members of each pair decision classes. Firstly the pairwise positive region is defined, based on which the pairwise significance measure is calculated between the members of each pair classes. Finally the weighted pairwise significance of attribute is used as the attribute reduction criterion, which indicates the necessity of attributes very well. By introducing the noise tolerance factor, the new algorithm can tolerate noise to some extent. Experimental results show the advantages of our novel heuristic reduction algorithm over the traditional attribute dependency based algorithm.展开更多
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China, "Research of Visual Perception for Impairments of Color Information in High-Definition Images" (No.20110018110001)
文摘Image quality assessment(IQA)is constantly innovating,but there are still three types of stickers that have not been resolved:the“content sticker”-limitation of training set,the“annotation sticker”-subjective instability in opinion scores and the“distortion sticker”-disordered distortion settings.In this paper,a No-Reference Image Quality Assessment(NR IQA)approach is proposed to deal with the problems.For“content sticker”,we introduce the idea of pairwise comparison and generate a largescale ranking set to pre-train the network;For“annotation sticker”,the absolute noise-containing subjective scores are transformed into ranking comparison results,and we design an indirect unsupervised regression based on EigenValue Decomposition(EVD);For“distortion sticker”,we propose a perception-based distortion classification method,which makes the distortion types clear and refined.Experiments have proved that our NR IQA approach Experiments show that the algorithm performs well and has good generalization ability.Furthermore,the proposed perception based distortion classification method would be able to provide insights on how the visual related studies may be developed and to broaden our understanding of human visual system.
文摘Deep learning-based approaches are applied successfully in manyfields such as deepFake identification,big data analysis,voice recognition,and image recognition.Deepfake is the combination of deep learning in fake creation,which states creating a fake image or video with the help of artificial intelligence for political abuse,spreading false information,and pornography.The artificial intel-ligence technique has a wide demand,increasing the problems related to privacy,security,and ethics.This paper has analyzed the features related to the computer vision of digital content to determine its integrity.This method has checked the computer vision features of the image frames using the fuzzy clustering feature extraction method.By the proposed deep belief network with loss handling,the manipulation of video/image is found by means of a pairwise learning approach.This proposed approach has improved the accuracy of the detection rate by 98%on various datasets.
文摘Learning to Rank(L2R)技术是对搜索结果进行排序,是近几年的研究热点。现关于L2R中的PairWise方法进行研究分析,PairWise方法将排序问题转化为二元分类问题,其缺点是只考虑两篇文档的相对顺序,而不考虑文档出现在搜索结果列表中的位置。另外,不同的查询拥有的文档对数目不同,结果会向拥有文档对较多的查询偏移。对常用的PairWise算法的损失函数及其求解方法、基本思想、算法框架、效用评价以及算法应用进行概括分析。
文摘We discuss the properties of incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in a knot complement by using twist crossing number. Let K be a pretzel knot or rational knot that its twistindex is less than 6, and let F be an incompressible pairwise incompressible surface in S 3-K. Then F is a punctured sphere.
文摘In this paper we introduce the concept of pairwise singular sets and pairwise singular maps between pairwise locally compact and pairwise hausdorff spaces and study the properties of pairwise singular maps.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10671149)
文摘In this article, the authors study some limit properties for sequences of pairwise NQD random variables, which are not necessarily identically distributed. They obtain Baum and Katz complete convergence and the strong stability of Jamison＇s weighted sums for pairwise NQD random variables, which may have different distributions. Some wellknown results are improved and extended.
基金Supported by NSF of China (11071106)supported by Liaoning Educational Committee (2009A418)
文摘The central subject of studying in this paper is incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in link complements. Let L be a non-split prime link and let F be an incompressible pairwise incompressible surface in S3 - L. We discuss the properties that the surface F intersects with 2-spheres in S3 - L. The intersection forms a topological graph consisting of a collection of circles and saddle-shaped discs. We introduce topological graphs and their moves （R-move and S2-move）, and define the characteristic number of the topological graph for F∩S2±. The characteristic number is unchanged under the moves. In fact, the number is exactly the Euler Characteristic number of the surface when a graph satisfies some conditions. By these ways, we characterize the properties of incompressible pairwise incompressible surfaces in alternating （or almost alternating） link complements. We prove that the genus of the surface equals zero if the component number of F∩S2＋（or F∩S2-） is less than five and the graph is simple for alternating or almost alternating links. Furthermore, one can prove that the genus of the surface is zero if #（F） ≤8.
基金Project supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10547008）, and the Foundation of Xi＇an Institute of Posts and Telecommunications, China （Grant No 105-0414）.
文摘Based on the calculation of all the pairwise entanglements in the n （n ≤ 6）-qubit Heisenberg XX open chain with system impurity, we find an important result： pairwise entanglement can only be transferred by an entangled pair. The non-nearest pairwise entanglements will have the possibility to exist as long as there has been even number of qubits in their middle. This point indicates that we can obtain longer distance entanglement in a solid system.
文摘In a panmictic population of constant size N, random pairs of individuals will have a most recent shared ancestor who lived slightly more than 0.5 log<sub>2</sub>N generations previously, on average. The probability that a random pair of individuals will share at least one ancestor who lived 0.5 log<sub>2</sub>N generations ago, or more recently, is about 50%. Those individuals, if they do share an ancestor from that generation, would be cousins of degree (0.5 log<sub>2</sub>N) - 1. Shared ancestry from progressively earlier generations increases rapidly until there is universal pairwise shared ancestry. At that point, every individual has one or more ancestors in common with every other individual in the population, although different pairs may share different ancestors. Those ancestors lived approximately 0.7 log<sub>2</sub>N generations in the past, or more recently. Qualitatively, the ancestries of random pairs have about 50% similarity for ancestors who lived about 0.9 log<sub>2</sub>N generations before the present. That is, about half of the ancestors from that generation belonging to one member of the pair are present also in the genealogy of the other member. Qualitative pairwise similarity increases to more than 99% for ancestors who lived about 1.4 log<sub>2</sub>N generations in the past. Similar results apply to a metric of quantitative pairwise genealogical overlap.
文摘Simulation was used to investigate the effects of population structure and migration on metrics of pairwise shared ancestry. Random and hierarchical structures, or migration geometries, were examined. Compared to panmictic populations, progress to all qualitative metrics of pairwise ancestry is delayed in structured populations. However, unless migration is very low, the time required is generally less than triple and often less than twice that required in a panmictic population of the same total size. Population structure also increases, to a similar degree, the time required for a population-wide most recent common ancestor (MRCA). As a result, the relationships between various qualitative metrics of pairwise shared ancestry and MRCA time are relatively unaffected by population structure. For example, the mean time to most recent shared ancestor (MRSA) with global sampling of pairs is 40% - 50% of the MRCA time for almost all simulated structures and migration levels. Quantitative pairwise genealogical overlap is strongly affected by population structure. With global sampling, pairwise quantitative overlap never approaches 1.0, as it does in panmictic populations;and instead eventually becomes stationary at much lower values. Possible implications of the present results for human pairwise shared ancestry are discussed. For globally sampled pairs, the longest time to most recent shared ancestor (MRSA) for humans is suggested to be approximately 2100 years before the present. If generation time is 30 years, then all humans are 69th, or closer, cousins. For people with recent European ancestry, the MRSA time may be only half as long, about 1000 years.
文摘We investigate the behavior of geometric global quantum discord （GGQD） and concurrence （C） between half- spins of a mixed-three-spin （1/2, 1, 1/2） system with the Ising-XY model for which spins （1, 1/2） have the Ising interaction and half-spins （1/2, 1/2） have both XY and the Dzyaloshinskii Moriya interactions together, under the decoherence action. A single-ion anisotropy property with coefficient ζ is assumed for the spin-integer. This system which includes an analytical Hamiltonian is considered at the front of an external homogeneous magnetic field B in thermal equilibrium. Finally, we compare GGQD and C and express some interesting phase flip reactions of the total quantum correlation and pairwise entanglement between spins （1/2, 1/2）. Generally, we conclude that the concurrence and GGQD have different behaviors under the phase flip channel.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.91436211,11374104,and 10974057)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(Grant No.17ZR1442900)+5 种基金the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education,China(Grant No.20130076110011)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning,the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,China(Grant No.NCET-10-0383)the Shu Guang Project supported by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation,China(Grant No.11SG26)the Shanghai Pujiang Program,China(Grant No.09PJ1404400)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry,National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0302103)the Program of State Key Laboratory of Advanced 207 Optical Communication Systems and Networks,China(Grant No.2016GZKF0JT003)
文摘We investigate the performances of the pairwise correlations（PCs） in different quantum networks consisting of fourwave mixers（FWMs） and beamsplitters（BSs）. PCs with quantum correlation in different quantum networks can be verified by calculating the degree of relative intensity squeezing for any pair of all the output fields. More interestingly, the quantum correlation recovery and enhancement are present in the FWM＋BS network and the repulsion effect phenomena（signal（idler）-frequency mode cannot be quantum correlated with the other two idler（signal）-frequency modes simultaneously）between the PCs with quantum correlation are predicted in the FWM ＋ FWM and FWM ＋ FWM ＋ FWM networks. Our results presented here pave the way for the manipulation of the quantum correlation in quantum networks.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10547008the Foundation of Xi'an Institute of Posts and Telecommunications under Grant No. 105-0414Natural Science Fnundation of Shanxi Province under Grant No.2004A15
文摘We calculate the concurrence of all pairwise entanglement of Heisenberg XX open chain with single systemimpurity in three-qubit and four-qubit cases,and find that the impurity parameter J_i has great effect on pairwiseentanglement.Choosing the proper parameter J_i,we can obtain the maximal pairwise entanglement of the nearestqubits and make the non-nearest qubits entangle.
基金Sponsored by the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation(11415133)
文摘To guarantee the optimal reduct set, a heuristic reduction algorithm is proposed, which considers the distinguishing information between the members of each pair decision classes. Firstly the pairwise positive region is defined, based on which the pairwise significance measure is calculated between the members of each pair classes. Finally the weighted pairwise significance of attribute is used as the attribute reduction criterion, which indicates the necessity of attributes very well. By introducing the noise tolerance factor, the new algorithm can tolerate noise to some extent. Experimental results show the advantages of our novel heuristic reduction algorithm over the traditional attribute dependency based algorithm.
