Meaning in Architecture and Landscape Architecture: Enhancement of Contemporary Design Practices Based on the Review of Postmodernism and Surrealism Aesthetic Philosophies

The study explored surrealist aesthetic philosophies in relation with referential postmodern architecture,and landscape architecture,to communicate meaning with the audience.These philosophies provide lessons about the potential of the built environment to address the emotional and psychological needs of the public,that is,to address the vital social,ecological,and functional needs of modern society.According to this,the purpose of the study was two-fold.The first is to analyze the visual techniques and forms that are used in referential postmodern architecture and landscape architecture in relation with surrealist aesthetic philosophies,to communicate meaning with the audience.Second is to demonstrate the relevance of these visual theories,to enhance contemporary design practices.The study emphasized the potential of art forms that provide meaning to address the physiological and spiritual needs of the society.Hence,it re-established landscape architecture as an art form capable of enriching human psychological and spiritual well-being,which is opposed to the conservative utilitarian natures of the field.

The Philosophy of He(和):Examined from the Perspectives of Technology and Culture

Pre-modern Chinese crafts,such as iron smelting,cookery,medicine,and the production of vehicles,bows,and arrows indicate the traditional Chinese view of technology as being organic,holistic,and comprehensive.This view of technology is guided by the concept of he(和)and employs the means and methods of he,thus achieving the purport of he.In Chinese,the character he(和)possesses positive connotations.It originated from the meaning of"to season;to add flavoring to"(调和)and that of flavors being"perfectly harmonious"(和美).From this sensory experience,he gradually extended to the abstract levels of materiality,humanity,sociality,"order"(wei位),and "power,situation,force"(shi势).Finally,he was elevated to the supreme level of"qi of great harmony"(taihe zhi qi太和之气),which is comparable to the concept of dao(道).The philosophy of he has exerted wide impact on such areas as technology,art,national character,cultural psychology,and behavior patterns,and has become an integral part of China's inherent culture.The paradoxes and deviations of he hold their own profound philosophical implications that merit further exploration.As humanity confronts significant challenges,such as how we can coexist with others,with technology,and with nature,the ancient Eastern wisdom embodied in he continues to possess practical characteristics and value.

Chinese Culture,Classical Philosophy,and the Cultivation of Life

This paper explores the intricate relationship between Chinese culture and the nation’s rise,emphasizing the indispensable role of cultural education in fostering a robust national spirit and civilization.Drawing from classical Chinese texts and contemporary philosophical insights,the study examines how cultural virtues and educational practices can lead to societal harmony,national rejuvenation,and global contributions.The analysis highlights the enduring relevance of Confucian principles and their potential to address modern challenges,advocating for a renewed focus on cultural education to achieve a prosperous and peaceful world.Additionally,it underscores the necessity of integrating traditional values with modern educational practices to create a holistic approach that fosters ethical leadership and global cooperation.

The Enlightenment of Tai Chi Philosophical World View on Human Peace

This paper discusses the worldview of classical Chinese Tai Chi philosophy:the holistic view,the view of Yin and Yang,view of change,view of no change,and view of harmony and their enlightenment to human peace.The holistic view inspires people to look at human society from the height of the whole earth,and consider not only national interests,but also the interests of all mankind.The view of yin-yang tells people that when analyzing problems,they should look at the two aspects of yin-yang integration,not only to consider their own national interests,but also the interests of other countries,not only to see the contradictions and conflicts between countries,but also to see mutual benefits,to develop positive factors and to overcome negative factors;The view of change tells people that national leaders should adjust their foreign relations according to the changes of the times and the situation on the premise of abiding by objective laws;The view of no change tells us to act in accordance with the laws of nature and society,and that countries should respect each other,benefit each other,and cooperate for win-win results.The view of harmony enlightens us that in international relations,we should advocate the idea of living in harmony,harmony in diversity and harmonious coexistence,and oppose hegemonism and power politics.

Neutral Territory:Cultural Space in Hawthorne’s Travel Writing

The emphasis on the combination of physical space and metaphorical space is a major feature of Hawthorne’s narrative.This paper analyzes cultural space in Hawthorne’s travel writing,centering on his works The Old Manse and The Marble Faun from the perspective of neutral territory.The old manse and Rome carry different cultural metaphors,each reflecting a complex and subtle narrative space.Individually,Hawthorne transforms the old manse into Thoreauesque cabin,where American is affected by“sleepiness”and gains spiritual healing.At the national level,Hawthorne creates an allegorical Italy as borderland to explore the existence of American civilization.

On the Possible Structures of Electron and Proton

In this work, the possible structures of electron and proton have been explored. Based on the potential expressions of electron and proton, we found that the electron and proton share the similar structure inside re and rn. And within re and rn, the conventional charge concept stops working, the same charge repelling force doesn’t exist anymore and as a result, the requirement of charge conservation is automatically removed. Whereas beyond re and rn, the potential expressions of electron and proton obey the point charge potentials as we normally understand. Therefore, the conventional charge concept can be applied and the requirement of charge conservation takes effect. Furthermore, a possible mechanism for the creations of electric monopole and magnetic monopole is discussed. In addition, to compare the particle size in micro-world, the balloon criterion is proposed. By this balloon criterion, the proton is determined about 10 times bigger than electron. From the physical picture about electron and proton described above, the stabilities of electron and proton can be explained quite well.

Revisiting Educational Issues in the Age of Generative Artificial Intelligence

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence(AI)has had a huge impact on all areas of life,including the field of education.AI can assist teachers in cultivating talents and promoting personalized learning and teaching,but it also prevents individuals from thinking independently and creatively.In the era of generative AI,the rapid development of technology and its significant impact on the field of education are inevitable.There are many educational issues related to it,such as teaching methods,student training goals,teaching philosophy and purposes,and other educational issues,that require re-conceptualization and review.

“Systematic Rival”From the Perspective of Philosophy of Property System

At present,the world is undergoing accelerating changes unseen in a century.With the United States regarding China as a strategic competitor,China-EU relations have become the core of national and global governance.For this reason,we use the basic theory and tools of Philosophy of Property System to clarify the EU’s characterization of China and accordingly propose the method of judgment and the principle of response.From this,we can get three basic cognitions of“systematic rivalry”,namely mutual exclusion of common cognition(Model A),mutual exclusion and cooperation of personality cognition(Model B),and cooperation of historical cognition(Model C).In order to steadily grasp the nature of“systematic rival”and make it operable,three basic cognitive models(AB,AC,BC,ABC,etc.)are combined,and a comprehensive judgment(ABC+model)is made to adapt to the supranational sovereignty characteristics of the EU.It is believed that the nature of“systematic rivalry”in the“trinity”refers to the main aspects of competition between China and Europe.Therefore,there are three principles for the Philosophy of Property System of“systematic rival”:first,maintain the situation of competition and cooperation;second,there is no fixed mode of competition and cooperation;and third,temporary confrontation and complementarity will lead to new competition and cooperation.

China’s Perspectives on the Modern Educational Value of Critical Information Literacy

Critical information literacy is a new and important direction of information literacy education for university students in the new media era.By comparing critical information literacy between China and the West,combining with the research on information literacy education in China in the past 20 years,and based on the three major relationships that Chinese philosophy is concerned about that people need to face in the world of life,i.e.,the individual and the self,the individual and nature,and the individual and the society,this paper defines critical information literacy as that individuals,as information subjects,discover,select,confirm,and evaluate the information they are exposed to by obtaining and discriminating the content elements of the information world(information sources,information,and information assets)and using critical thinking skills and methods,creatively interpret or solve the relevant problems arising from the interaction between individuals and self,individuals and nature,individuals and society,and form the literacy that represents the knowledge,ability,attitude,habit,and level of the information subject through continuous reflection and practice.In order for human beings to better understand the world and construct it responsibly,critical information literacy can play a greater role and educational value.It not only helps contemporary college students build knowledge of“good questioning”and enhance their“reasoning”skills,but also encourages them to maintain a“firm standpoint,”cultivate a habit of“healthy skepticism,”and enhance their“decision-making”skills.

A Few Important and Original Aspects of Carlo Cattaneo’s Philosophical-Linguistic Ideas

The essay has two main purposes.The first is a general reconstruction of Cattaneo’s linguistic thought,highlighting the most important aspects of both his reflections on the connection between language and the community of speakers,and his study of the functions and properties of language.The latter includes an analysis of the influence Cattaneo’s philosophy had on the sphere of Italian linguistics at the turn of the 20th century.

SPECIAL ISSUE： DIALOGUE, INTERACTION AND NEW.DEVELOPMENTS IN PHILOSOPHY IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA - SPECIALIST FORUM ON CHINESE, WESTERN AND MARXIST PHILOSOPHIES：Contemporariness： a common field for dialogue between Chinese, Western and Marxist philosophies

If new developments in Chinese philosophy in contemporary China mean displaying the contemporariness of Chinese philosophy, then we need to understand what this term means. Contemporariness is not a purely historical concept but one from historical philosophy. It differs from both modernity and postmodernity, occurring and being present simultaneously with our immediate existing. Since contemporary Chinese philosophy represents the unfolding of Chinese philosophy in its contemporariness, this means that contemporary Chinese philosophy occurs in the circumstances of ottr immediate existing and is moreover present simultaneously with contemporary Western and Marxist philosophy. This provides the common ground that makes dialogue between them possible.

SPECIAL ISSUE： DIALOGUE, INTERACTION AND NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN PHILOSOPHY IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA- SPECIALIST FORUM ON CHINESE, WESTERN AND MARXIST PHILOSOPHIES：The current situation, problems and tasks before Chinese philosophy

The development of philosophy in contemporary China requires correct understanding and solving prominent practical problems in China＇s process of social development, providing proper rational thinking, value ideal and life orientation for the Chinese, and playing its role of guiding, regulating and promoting social progress. To achieve the goal, philosophy needs to shift from ＂system consciousness＂ to ＂problem consciousness,＂ so as to fulfill a paradigm transformation; to shift from ＂local horizon＂ to ＂world horizon,＂ so as to expand the horizon of our philosophy; and to shift from the tripartite division of Chinese, Western and Marxist philosophies to a ＂common horizon＂ for the three, so as to gradually establish the concept of ＂macro-philosophy.＂

SPECIAL ISSUE： DIALOGUE, INTERACTION AND NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN PHILOSOPHY IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA- SPECIALIST FORUM ON CHINESE, WESTERN AND MARXIST PHILOSOPHIES：Issues of the age and possible responses in configuring contemporary Chinese philosophy

Efforts are needed in ,the following three aspects in configuring contemporary Chinese philosophy： providing various value goals for various social groups; re-constructing the value objective for the Chinese; and providing new human nature foundation for contemporary Chinese ethical conduct and legal system. Chinese, Western and Marxist philosophies must break disciplinary segmentation and take the reality of Chinese society and its trends of development as their common platform of thinking. By using their respective intellectual resources, they should endeavor to build up a social philosophy thatmay satisfy the needs of Chinese people and China＇s development, and is able to provide guides to their life and practice.

Shale oil and gas exploitation in China:Technical comparison with US and development suggestions

The shale oil and gas exploitation in China is technically benchmarked with the United States in terms of development philosophy,reservoir stimulation treatment,fracturing parameters,fracturing equipment and materials,oil/gas production technology,and data/achievements sharing.It is recognized that the shale oil and gas exploitation in China is weak in seven aspects:understanding of flow regimes,producing of oil/gas reserves,monitoring of complex fractures,repeated stimulation technology,oil/gas production technology,casing deformation prevention technology,and wellbore maintenance technology.Combined with the geological and engineering factors of shale oil and gas in China,the development suggestions of four projects are proposed from the macro-and micro-perspective,namely,basic innovation project,exploitation technology project,oil/gas production stabilization project,and supporting efficiency-improvement project,so as to promote the rapid,efficient,stable,green and extensive development of shale oil and gas industry chain and innovation chain and ultimately achieve the goal of“oil volume stabilizing and gas volume increasing”.

Embodiment of Rationality:Philosophical Interpretation of Embodied Cognition

Under the influence of European rationalism,which holds that human rationality is higher than,or at least independent of human sensory cognition,the first generation of cognitive science advocates for disembodied cognition,manifesting the concept of dualism of mind and body.With the development of cognitive science in the 1980s,the second generation of cognitive science redefines the relationship between mind and body,thought and behavior,and reason and feeling and puts forward the concept of embodied cognition,representing monism of mind and body.It is claimed that the formation of concepts,categorical cognition and the evolution of rational thinking are characterized by embodiment,which is the necessary condition and basis for the formation of human rationality.The current study traces the shift of cognitive science from dualism to monism of mind and body and explores the relationship between rationality and sensibility from the perspective of philosophical basis and interpretations,with an aim to achieve a better understanding and thorough interpretation of human rationality.In this heated discussion about embodied cognition,there are still some fundamental questions that need to be further clarified,such as the essence and mechanism of human cognition,the ways that human body participates in cognitive activities,especially imagination and reasoning.The research paradigm of embodied cognition and its relevant theory have not been established and developed yet,and empirical research from interdisciplinary perspectives is far from enough to provide hard evidence for embodied cognition.

中西诠释学与佛教中国化一一记班班多杰教授与洪汉鼎先生的对话(上)

This is a detailed record and academic summary of the dialogues between Prof.Banbar Dorje School of Philosophy and Religious Studies of Central Minzu University and Prof.Hong Handing,a prestigious scholar in the hermeneutics of Philosophy regarding Chinese and Western hermeneutics and sinicization of Buddhism in the Chinese context.The main focuses of the dialogues include the differences and connection between the hermeneutics in the Western Philosophy and that of in Chinese study of Confucian classics,the meeting point and internal connection of Chinese-Western hermeneutics and the sinicization of Buddhism in the Chinese context,the intersection between the relationship of the classical texts and explanatory texts in the philosophical hermeneutics and"I annotate the Six Classics,the Six Classics annotate me"and the interpreter is more skillful than the original author"in Chinese classics,the similarities and differences between the"foresight","fusion ofperspectives",and"historical effects"of philosophical hermeneutics and"interpretation","proper use of stimulate the menstrual flow",and"Borrowing from the past to learn from the present",the ontological turn of philosophical hermeneutics with language as the principle line reveals the profound objectives of sinicization of foreign Buddhism in the Sino-Tibetan translation.

Muslim Confucian Philosophy:Islamic-Confucian Dialogue and the Integration of Civilizations

At the end of the Ming Dynasty and at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,a new theory of learning was created-Muslim Confucian Study(Chinese Islamic Philosophy)-on the basis of Islamic philosophy and under the influence of Confucianism.Wang Daiyu(1570-1660)and Liu Zhi(1660-1739)were two great Huiru(Muslim Confucian)scholars at that time.They published Zhengjiao zhenquan(The real commentary on the tire teaching),Tianfang xingli(Nature and principle in Islam)major books.Their approach is distinguished from that of other Muslim scholars in that they addressed the basic articles of Islamic thought with Confucian terminology and categories.The study deals with the Islamic worldview,and with the practices that make it possible for people to bring themselves into conformity with that worldview.However,the teaching of the Muslim Confucian was continuous with those of Mainstream Islam.In my research,I attempted to answer two questions:(a)How did Muslim Confucian Study Inherit the Mainstream Islamic Thought?(b)What is the value and contribution of the World Islamic philology and civilization?

The Essence of Sport and Tourism-Commonplace and Philosophical Interpretation

The paper is aimed at presentation of the two basic ways of human cognition,which have been used for ages to get to the essence of the human phenomenon of sport and tourism.The first of them is connected mainly with the commonplace standpoint on sport,which is considerably more popular and known by modern people than the second-the philosophical one.The latter is usually used as a point of departure for objective,methodical,and purposeful attempts at getting to the very essence of sport through systematic research,various ideological disputes,various publications,etc.Hence the basic aim of the paper is an attempt at answering the question:which of the abovementioned ways-if any-leads to the final explanation of the essence of sport and tourism?It requires however further philosophical research,further comparative studies,detailed systematic analyses,etc.,and the presented paper is only an initial contribution to them.

Reflections on the Three Controversies in Economic Methodology by Virtue of the Philosophy of Science

The philosophical foundation of the mainstream neoclassical economics is empirical philosophy.The controversies of economic methodology over inductive and deductive methods,over verificationistic and falsificationistic approaches,and over positive and normative analyses in the evolution of economics are associated with those in the philosophy of science.The evolution of philosophy of science suggests that the above-mentioned pairs of economic methodologies should be appropriately combined when used in economics.It is not sensible to overemphasize either one inside each pair of economic methodologies.

Positive Organizational Scholarship from a Psychotherapeutic Perspective

Many organizational development perspectives and discussions adopt a medical or diagnostic viewpoint of organizational dysfunction, focusing heavily on the numerous deficiencies, mistakes, and other negative aspects of struggling organizations. While any organization has a fair share of problems to address, such an overarching focus on everything that is wrong with an organization can create a harmful cycle of pessimism, depression, and low energy that can be difficult to overcome. Positive Organization Scholarship (POS) practitioners, much like the skilled therapist, help organizations shift from a negative, limiting mindset into a positive, open mindset in order to facilitate positive change. This paper explores how cognitive reappraisal strategies common in psychotherapy could be used by POS practitioners to facilitate change and growth in the organizations they serve.