Combination of manual lymphatic drainage and Kinesio taping for treating pigmented villonodular synovitis:A case report

BACKGROUND Pigmented villonodular synovitis(PVNS)is a benign proliferative disorder that affects the synovial joints,bursae,and tendon sheaths.To date,few studies have reported on the treatment of postoperative pain and edema in patients with PVNS.Herein,we present the case of a woman who developed pain and edema in the left lower limb 1 wk after synovectomy and arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and was unable to walk due to limited flexion and extension of the left knee.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old woman underwent synovectomy and arthroscopic partial meniscectomy successively and was treated with a combination of manual lymphatic drainage(MLD)and kinesio taping(KT)in our hospital to alleviate postoperative pain and edema.The following parameters were assessed at 2 wk post-treatment and 1 wk post-discharge follow up:suprapatellar circumference,infrapatellar circumference,visual analog scale score,knee range of motion,pittsburgh sleep quality index score,hamilton anxiety rating scale(HAMA)score,and hamilton depression rating scale(HAMD)score.After treatment,the postoperative pain and edema in the patient’s left knee were effectively relieved,resulting in improved sleep quality and remarkably attenuated HAMA and HAMD scores.CONCLUSION Combined MLD and KT may be an effective approach for relieving postoperative pain and edema in patients with PVNS.

Effects of Polishing on Proximate Composition,Physico-Chemical Characteristics,Mineral Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Pigmented Rice

The effects of polishing on proximate compositions,physico-chemical characteristics,mineral compositions and antioxidant properties of the rice flours obtained from three different pigmented rice varieties(Chak-hao Angangba,Chak-hao Amubi and Chak-hao Poireiton) were investigated.The rice varieties were significantly(P < 0.05) different in the contents of the test characteristics.Lipids,ash,minerals,phytochemicals(phenolic acids and flavonoids) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) activity of rice flours were decreased after polishing(9% degree of milling),while amylose content and lightness were increased.X-ray diffraction pattern of rice flours exhibited A-type crystalline pattern with reflections at 15.1o,17.1o,18.2o and 23.0o.Pasting properties and transition temperatures were decreased after polishing treatment.Polishing resulted in changes in the crystallinity,enthalpy and morphology of rice flours.

Therapeutic effect of microencapsulated porcine retinal pigmented epithelial cells transplantation on rat model of Parkinson's disease

Object To investigate the therapeutic effect of microencapsulated porcine retinal pigmented epithelial cells （RPE-M） transplantation on rat model of Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. Methods Primary porcine RPE cells were harvested by enzyme digestion and expanded in culture medium. Determine the levels ofdopamine （DA） and homovanillic acid （HVA） by high performance liquid chromatography electrochemical （HPLC） assay, and the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） and glial-derived neurotrophic factor （GDNF） were detected by ELISA. Alginate-polylysine-alginate （APA） microencapsulated cells were produced by using a high voltage electrostatic system. PD rat model was established by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine （6-OHDA） into the medial forebrain bundle （MFB）. After that, the RPE-M was transplanted into the corpus striatum of PD rat, and then the rotation test scores were recorded and biochemical changes of the corpus striatum were tested. Results The levels of DA, HVA, BDNF and GDNF secreted by RPE were stable in the RPE culture supernatant and were not changed by the microencapsulation. Eighty-three percent rats developed PD by unilateral lesion of 6-OHDA in the MFB. The RPE-M transplantation had therapeutic effect on 33% PD rats. Conclusion Porcine RPE cells grow actively in vitro and could secrete DA, HVA, BDNF, and GDNF constantly, which does not be affected by the passage culture and the APA miroencapsulation. RPE-M transplantation of may be a curative therapy for PD.

Effects of 7-methylxanthine on form-deprivation myopia in pigmented rabbits

AIM: To determine the effect of 7-methylxanthine (7-MX) on the posterior sclera of form-deprivation myopia (FDM) in pigmented rabbits. METHODS: Sixteen pigmented rabbits were monocularly deprived (MD) by suturing the right eyelids after natural eye opening (ten-day old) for a period of 30 days. Two groups of pigmented rabbits were fed either 7-MX (30 mg per kg body weight; n=8) or vehicle control (saline equal volume with 7-MX; n=8). Ocular refractions, axial lengths and body weights were measured at the start and the end of the experiment 30 days later. Electron microscopy was used to measure and determine the collagen fibril diameters in the posterior pole of sclera. RESULTS: In vehicle control MD pigmented rabbits, 30 days of MD produced -1.10D+/- 0.78D of myopia and the axial length increased 0.51mm+/- 0.09mm. In MD pigmented rabbits fed with 7-MX, 30 days of MD induced only -0.21D+/- 0.11D of myopia and the axial length increased 0.07mm+/- 0.10mm. There was significant change in axial length of vehicle control MD pigmented rabbits (13.11mm +/- 0.19mm versus 12.60mm+/- 0.06mm; P =0.03). The changes in refraction and axial length of two MD groups' contalateral eyes during the 30 days were not significantly different (2.75D+/- 0.27D versus 2.75D 0.35D, P>0.05; 12.60mm+/- 0.06mm versus 12.45mm +/- 0.14mm, P >0.05). The weights of the two groups pigmented rabbits had no significant changes (187g+/- 22.1g versus 189g+/- 19.3g, P>0.05). The diameter cif scleral collagen fibers increased in both eyes of 7-MX treated pigmented rabbits. There was significant difference in collagen fibril diameters of inner layer (111.34nm+/- 28.30nm versus 94.80nm +/- 27.52nm, P =0.002) and outer layer (167.92nm +/- 55.82nm versus 144.04nm +/- 47.02nm P =0.016) in the posterior sclera between the myopic eyes of vehicle control MD group and contralateral eyes of 7-MX treated MD group. CONCLUSION: 7-MX appears to prevent FDM in pigmented rabbits by remodeling the posterior sclera.

Sensory Evaluation of Pigmented Flesh Potatoes (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>L.)

Pigmented potato cultivars were ranked by a consumer panel for overall acceptance, and acceptance of aroma, appearance, and flavor. Potatoes were analyzed for total phenolics, anthocyanins and carotenoids. Concentrations of total phenolics in yellow and purple potato cultivars were 2-fold greater (P P

LIN28A attenuates high glucose-induced retinal pigmented epithelium injury through activating SIRT1-dependent autophagy

AIM:To evaluate the effects of LIN28A(human)on high glucose-induced retinal pigmented epithelium(RPE)cell injury and its possible mechanism.METHODS:Diabetic retinopathy model was generated following 48h of exposure to 30 mmol/L high glucose(HG)in ARPE-19 cells.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blot tested the expression of the corresponding genes and proteins.Cell viability as well as apoptosis was determined through cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and flow cytometry assays.Immunofluorescence assay was adopted to evaluate autophagy activity.Caspase 3 activity,oxidative stress markers,and cytokines were appraised adopting their commercial kits,respectively.Finally,ARPE-19 cells were preincubated with EX527,a Sirtuin 1(SIRT1)inhibitor,prior to HG stimulation to validate the regulatory mechanism.RESULTS:LIN28A was downregulated in HG-challenged ARPE-19 cells.LIN28A overexpression greatly inhibited HGinduced ARPE-19 cell viability loss,apoptosis,oxidative damage as well as inflammatory response.Meanwhile,the repressed autophagy and SIRT1 in ARPE-19 cells challenged with HG were elevated after LIN28A overexpression.In addition,treatment of EX527 greatly inhibited the activated autophagy following LIN28A overexpression and partly abolished the protective role of LIN28A against HG-elicited apoptosis,oxidative damage as well as inflammation in ARPE-19 cells.CONCLUSION:LIN28A exerts a protective role against HG-elicited RPE oxidative damage,inflammation,as well as apoptosis via regulating SIRT1/autophagy.

A hierarchical optimisation framework for pigmented lesion diagnosis

The study of training hyperparameters optimisation problems remains underexplored in skin lesion research.This is the first report of using hierarchical optimisation to improve computational effort in a four-dimensional search space for the problem.The authors explore training parameters selection in optimising the learning process of a model to differentiate pigmented lesions characteristics.In the authors'demonstration,pretrained GoogleNet is fine-tuned with a full training set by varying hyperparameters,namely epoch,mini-batch value,initial learning rate,and gradient threshold.The iterative search of the optimal global-local solution is by using the derivative-based method.The authors used non-parametric one-way ANOVA to test whether the classification accuracies differed for the variation in the training parameters.The authors identified the mini-batch size and initial learning rate as parameters that significantly influence the model's learning capability.The authors'results showed that a small fraction of combinations(5%)from constrained global search space,in contrarily to 82%at the local level,can converge with early stopping conditions.The mean(standard deviation,SD)validation accuracies increased from 78.4(4.44)%to 82.9(1.8)%using the authors'system.The fine-tuned model's performance measures evaluated on a testing dataset showed classification accuracy,precision,sensitivity,and specificity of 85.3%,75.6%,64.4%,and 97.2%,respectively.The authors'system achieves an overall better diagnosis performance than four state-of-the-art approaches via an improved search of parameters for a good adaptation of the model to the authors'dataset.The extended experiments also showed its superior performance consistency across different deep networks,where the overall classification accuracy increased by 5%with this technique.This approach reduces the risk of search being trapped in a suboptimal solution,and its use may be expanded to network architecture optimisation for enhanced diagnostic performance.

Pigmented cereals and legume grains as healthier alternatives for brewing beers

Pioneering studies were carried out on red-to-black pigmented grains for brewing beers.Together with pigmented cereals,the use of pulses was also proposed for making low-alcohol,gluten-free beers with improved contents of health-promoting compounds.So far,a new concept of beer is emerging among scientists,brewers,and consumers by expanding the assortment of conventional beer’s ingredients.Coloured(red,purple,blue,black)cereal grains and legume grains are an untapped resource of functional compounds.each denoting different and complementary beneficial effects on human health.Among others,polyphenols contribute to protect against non-communicable diseases such as hypertension,heart diseases,cancers,diabetes and obesity.In this review,we summarized the improvement in terms of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of beers obtained by using pigmented cereal grains and pulses as raw ingredients versus traditional beers.We examined the influence of these alternative materials on the qualitative properties of the beers.Moreover,we reviewed the contribution of traditional and non-conventional yeasts on the flavour and quality of these new functional beers.Finally,we discussed the use of different and complementary chemical methods for monitoring the composition,organoleptic profile,safety,and authentication issues with the aim to highlight the most promising to protect and promote novel beer products.

Characterization of color,phenolic profile,and antioxidant activity of Italian pigmented rice varieties after different technological treatments

Pigmented rice varieties are rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds(e.g.anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins).Therefore,their consumption could exert beneficial effects,particularly in people suffering from chronic diseases(e.g.,celiac disease).Pigmented rice is commonly consumed as brown rice,but technological treatments could be applied to reduce its cooking time and improve its nutritional value(vitamins and minerals).In this study,two relatively new pigmented varieties(Violet and Orange)were characterized in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant capacity and the impact of two technological treatments(e.g.,milling and parboiling)on their phytochemical composition was evaluated.Two pigmented and one non-pigmented Italian varieties were included for comparison.Both technological processes affected the concentration of phenolic compounds and their relative antioxidant property.Although milling mainly reduced the phenolic content and the antioxidant activity,anthocyanins seem to be more affected by parboiling(reduction of 91.5%).Despite the effects of technological treatments on active compounds,pigmented varieties still represent an interesting antioxidant source when compared to the non-pigmented ones.

Subtalar joint pigmented villonodular synovitis misdiagnosed at the first visit:A case report

BACKGROUND Pigmented villonodular synovitis(PVNS)is an uncommon disease that usually occurs in large joints,and involvement of the subtalar joint is rare.The lack of comprehensive knowledge of subtalar joint PVNS could lead to misdiagnosis.CASE SUMMARY We present a 64-year-old woman who,at her first visit,complained of discomfort in the right ankle when she walked.Based on the physical signs and X-ray report,the physician failed to make the suspected diagnosis of PVNS.Eighteen months later,the patient returned with a complaint of a mass in her right lateral malleolus with intermittent blunt pain.The X-ray presented an osteophyte formation and soft tissue calcification at the margin of the subtalar joint.The laboratory tests were normal,whereas magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)showed a low-intensity area on both T1-and T2-weighted images.A suspected diagnosis of PVNS was made and later confirmed by postoperative pathology.Subsequently,the patient received radiotherapy with 32 Gy in 16 fractions.At 6 mo postoperatively,the patient only complained of discomfort after walking three blocks.The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot score was 97.CONCLUSION MRI is necessary for the diagnosis of PVNS.Early soft tissue calcification and painless joint swelling should be of concern.

Ocular leech infestation initially misdiagnosed as conjunctival pigmented nevus

Dear sir,Iam Dr.Wen-Wei Li,from the Department of Ophthalmology,Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital,Hangzhou,China.I write to present a case of ocular leech infestation initially misdiagnosed as conjunctival pigmented nevus.Although human interaction with leeches is not uncommon

Application of stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelium in retinal degenerative diseases： present and future

As a constituent of blood-retinal barrier and retinal outer segment（ROS） scavenger, retinal pigmented epithelium（RPE） is fundamental to normal function of retina. Malfunctioning of RPE contributes to the onset and advance of retinal degenerative diseases. Up to date, RPE replacement therapy is the only possible method to completely reverse retinal degeneration. Transplantation of human RPE stem cell-derived RPE（h RPESC-RPE） has shown some good results in animal models. With promising results in terms of safety and visual improvement, human embryonic stem cell-derived RPE（h ESC-RPE） can be expected in clinical settings in the near future. Despite twists and turns, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE（i PSC-RPE） is now being intensely investigated to overcome genetic and epigenetic instability. By far, only one patient has received i PSCRPE transplant, which is a hallmark of i PSC technology development. During follow-up, no major complications such as immunogenicity or tumorigenesis have been observed. Future trials should keep focusing on the safety of stem cell-derived RPE（SC-RPE） especially in long period, and better understanding of the nature of stem cell and the molecular events in the process to generate SC-RPE is necessary to the prosperity of SC-RPE clinical application.

Pigmented hidroacanthoma simplex:A diagnostic pitfall

Hidroacanthoma simplex(HAS) is a rare skin appendage tumor and is recognized as an intraepidermal variant of poroma. Pigmented HAS is an extremely rare variant with dendritic melanocytes and/or melanin pigment in the tumor cells and a few cases of pigmented HAS have been reported in the English literature. We herein report a case of pigmented HAS and discuss the clinicopathological features of pigmented HAS and the pitfall in the diagnosis of black lesions.

Thai pigmented rice bran extracts inhibit production of superoxide, nitric oxide radicals and inducible nitric oxide synthase in cellular models

Objective:To study the inhibitory effect of rice bran extracts of Thai black Kam Muang and red Hawm Dawk Mali Deang on oxidative stress factors including superoxide(O2·-),nitric oxide(NO·),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS).Methods:Bran extracts(40%ethanol)of Kam Muang and Hawm Dawk Mali Deang were obtained and evaluated for in vitro 2-2′-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate)(ABTS)and NO·scavenging activity.Their inhibitory effects on cellular O2·-and NO·were measured in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated neutrophil-like HL-60 cells and lipopolysaccharidestimulated RAW264.7 macrophages,respectively,and their viability was monitored using the MTT assay.The effect on iNOS expression was also assessed by the Western blotting assay.Total contents of phenolics,flavonoids,and subtypes were also determined.Results:Hawm Dawk Mali Deang exhibited about 3.5-fold greater cellular O2·-inhibitory activity than Kam Muang[EC50 values of(23.57±4.54)and(81.98±1.45)μg/mL,respectively]in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-stimulated HL-60 cells.Hawm Dawk Mali Deang exhibited about 2-fold higher in vitro ABTS·+and NO·scavenging activity than Kam Muang,but it exerted cellular NO·inhibitory activity of only about 26%(undetermined EC50 value)in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.Conversely,Kam Muang exerted potent cellular NO·inhibitory activity[EC50 value:(281.13±59.18)μg/mL]and dose-dependently decreased iNOS levels.No cytotoxicity of both extracts was detected in both cell types.As for corresponding contents,Hawm Dawk Mali Deang contained higher contents of phenolics and flavonoids than Kam Muang.Moreover,Kam Muang and Hawm Dawk Mali Deang had a high content of total anthocyanins[(14.73±0.52)mg C3GE/g of extract]and total proanthocyanidins[(115.13±1.47)mg CE/g of extract],respectively.Conclusions:Based on these data,bran extracts of Thai black Kam Muang and red rice Hawm Dawk Mali Deang can help lower oxidative stress and inflammation attributed partly to O2·-and NO·.

Pigmented Villonodular Tenosynovitis of the Temporomandibular Joint—A Case Report

Background: Pigmented villonodular synovitis is a rare condition typically affecting the major joints and the involvement of the temporomandibular joint is rare. Although, it is histologically benign, it can be locally aggressive, capable of extensive bone destruction. The disease has aggressive behavior and a high incidence of recurrence (40% - 60%). Case report: A 35 years old male presented with history of unilateral hearing loss and otalgia of six month duration. On examination, there was a soft bulge in the superior wall of external auditory canal. Contrast enhanced CT scan showed soft tissue density occupying the right external auditory canal and bulging into the middle ear cavity, displacing the intact ossicular chain medially with evidence of destruction of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal, glenoid fossa, mastoid bone and the scutum. The squamous part of the right temporal bone showed evidence of lateral bowing with discontinuity. Surgical resection was done through post aural approach. Histopathological examination revealed pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis which stained positive for CD 68. Post operatively patient was evaluated clinically and with radiological modalities which showed healthy mastoid cavity and no increase in post operative granulations on magnetic resonance imaging. Conclusion: Pigmented villonodular tenosynovitis of temporomandibular joint is a rare entity. Due to the aggressive behavior of the lesion, radical or aggressive surgical resection should be done. Long term follow up with radiological modality should be done due to the high recurrence rate.

Phenolic Profile,Antioxidant,Antihyperlipidemic and Cardiac Risk Preventive Effect of Pigmented Black Rice Variety Chakhao poireiton in High-Fat High-Sugar Induced Rats

The present study aimed to investigate the hypolipidemic,antioxidant and cardiac risk-suppressing effects of Chakhao poireiton(CP),a GI-tagged pigmented black rice from India.In vitro and ex vivo studies confirmed that whole rice extracts of CP have potent antioxidant,3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase,cholesterol esterase inhibitory,and antilipase effects.An in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the ethanol extracts of CP on high-fat high-sugar induced hyperlipidemic rats.The ethanol extract significantly ameliorated lipid parameters and liver enzymes to normal.Levels of lactate dehydrogenase,creatine kinase-N-acetyl cysteine,C-reactive protein,and lipoprotein a were significantly lower in the extract-treated groups than those in the disease control group.A marked reduction of ApoB/ApoA1 and other atherogenic indices were observed in extract-treated groups.Twelve phenolic compounds,i.e.rosamarinic acid,gallic acid,protocatechuic acid etc.,were quantified in CP.This study provided the first evidence of the antihyperlipidemic and cardiac risk inhibitory effects of CP,which would be beneficial in preventing and managing hyperlipidemia,associated oxidative stress,and cardiac complications.

Antiaging cosmeceuticals from pigmented rice

Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic products claimed to have medicinal or drug-like benefits.The term was created in 1990s from cosme(tics)and(pharma)ceuticals.These products are marketed as cosmetics but formulated with biologically active ingredients to promote them to have the benefits beyond the traditional moisturizer.Cosmeceuticals,however,are not recognized under any categories of the Food,Drug,and Cosmetic Act.In consideration on rice,it is the most widely consumed staple food for large parts of the world’s human population,especially in Asia,as the source of nutrition and caloric intake.

Effect of synoviectomy combined with postoperative radiotherapy on pigmented villonodular synovitis in knee:A meta-analysis

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of synovectomy combined with postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of pigmented villonodular synovitis compared with only synovectomy in knee. Methods:The related references were searched from SinoMed,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library and Web of Science from date of databases establishment to October 2020,and the studies of synovectomy combined with postoperative radiotherapy were screened. According to the type of research,the corresponding evaluation methods were selected for quality evaluation of the literature. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. The primary outcome was recurrence,while the secondary outcomes included complications,excellent and good rate of function of knee,range of motion of knee,Lysholm score,and IKDC score of knee etcetera. Results:A total of 11 articles were included in meta-analysis,with 510 cases,280 in the combined group and 230 in the control group. The results of meta-analysis showed that:(1)The recurrence rate in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the control group,[OR=0.33,95%CI(0.20,0.55),P<0.000 1];(2)The complications in the combined group were higher than that in the control group[OR=2.70,95%CI(1.16,6.31),P=0.02];(3)The excellent and good rate of the combined group was significantly better than that of the control group[OR=2.86,95%CI(1.23,6.64),P=0.01],and it also may be the result of different evaluation criteria of each study;(4)There was no significant difference range of motion[MD=2.96,95%CI(-0.54,6.47),P=0.10],Lysholm score[MD=3.22,95%CI(-0.51,6.96),P=0.09],or IKDC score[MD=2.88,95%CI(-1.07,6.82),P=0.15]in knee between the two groups. Conclusion:The meta-analysis shows that synovectomy combined with radiotherapy can reduce the recurrence rate of pigmented villonodular synovitis in knee,but compared with only operation,there are higher complications. However,the above conclusions need to be verified by long-term follow-up of more high-quality clinical studies.

Acne on Pigmented Skin: Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Features in Dermatology in Benin

Purpose: The aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of pigmented skin acne in Benin. Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study conducted in the dermatology departments of the Borgou-Alibori Departmental Teaching Hospital and the National Teaching Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga from January 2017 to December 2018, which has included black-skinned patients who were diagnosed with acne and gave their free and informed consent. The ECLA score was used for clinical evaluation of the severity of the acne. Results: We collected 129 patients including 35 men and 94 women. The median age of the patient was 24.6 years ± 8.5 years. The median age of onset was 17.9 years ± 7.6 years. The main triggering of worsening factors was inadequate self-medication (53.5%), excoriation (48.1%), certain foods (34.9%) and lightening cosmetic (32.5%). Most patients had inflammatory (51.9%) or comedonal (31.8%) acne associated with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentations (70.5%) and excoriated lesions (31%). In the majority of cases, acne was moderate in women (52.1%) and severe in men (62.8%) with p = 9 × 10-3. The lesions were electively seated in the face (95.3%), mainly on the forehead and cheeks. Active cosmetics (76.7%), retinoids (58.9%), oral antibiotics (55.8%), and benzoyl peroxide (48.9%) were the most commonly used therapeutic classes. Conclusion: The majority of young and adult women consulted for predominant inflammatory acne on the forehead and cheeks, moderate in woman and severe in men in Benin. The therapeutic arsenal consisted mainly of active cosmetics, retinoids, antibiotics and benzoyl peroxide.

Reed Nevus (Pigmented Spindle Cell Nevus) in an 11-Month-Old Japanese Infant

Reed nevus (pigmented spindle cell nevus) is a nevus with the histopathological features of abundant melanin, monomorphic spindle-epithelioid melanocytes, spindle cell nests confined within the epidermis and papillary dermis, and occasional upward interepidermal progression of melanocytes. Here, we reported an unusual case of Reed nevus in an 11-month-old Japanese male infant. Infantile Reed nevus should be included as a differential diagnosis for nevus pigmentosus in infancy.