While brain computer interfaces(BCIs)ofer the potential of allowing those sufering from loss of muscle control to once again fully engage with their environment by bypassing the afected motor system and decoding user ...While brain computer interfaces(BCIs)ofer the potential of allowing those sufering from loss of muscle control to once again fully engage with their environment by bypassing the afected motor system and decoding user intentions directly from brain activity,they are prone to errors.One possible avenue for BCI performance improvement is to detect when the BCI user perceives the BCI to have made an unintended action and thus take corrective actions.Error-related potentials(ErrPs)are neural correlates of error awareness and as such can provide an indication of when a BCI system is not performing according to the user’s intentions.Here,we investigate the brain signals of an implanted BCI user sufering from locked-in syndrome(LIS)due to late-stage ALS that prevents her from being able to speak or move but not from using her BCI at home on a daily basis to communicate,for the presence of error-related signals.We frst establish the presence of an ErrP originating from the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex(dLPFC)in response to errors made during a discrete feedback task that mimics the click-based spelling software she uses to communicate.Then,we show that this ErrP can also be elicited by cursor movement errors in a continuous BCI cursor control task.This work represents a frst step toward detecting ErrPs during the daily home use of a communications BCI.展开更多
This study compared the difference in brain structure in 12 mine disaster survivors with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder, 7 cases of improved post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and 14 controls who experie...This study compared the difference in brain structure in 12 mine disaster survivors with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder, 7 cases of improved post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and 14 controls who experienced the same mine disaster but did not suffer post-traumatic stress disorder, using the voxel-based morphometry method. The correlation between differences in brain structure and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms was also investigated. Results showed that the gray matter volume was the highest in the trauma control group, followed by the symptoms-improved group, and the lowest in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. Compared with the symptoms-improved group, the gray matter volume in the lingual gyrus of the right occipital lobe was reduced in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. Compared with the trauma control group, the gray matter volume in the right middle occipital gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus was reduced in the symptoms-improved group. Compared with the trauma control group, the gray matter volume in the left superior parietal lo- bule and right superior frontal gyrus was reduced in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. The gray matter volume in the left superior parietal Iobule was significantly positively correlated with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory subscale score in the symptoms-improved group and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group （r = 0.477, P = 0.039）. Our findings indicate that （1） chronic post-traumatic stress disorder patients have gray matter structural damage in the prefrontal lobe, oc- cipital lobe, and parietal lobe, （2） after post-traumatic stress, the disorder symptoms are improved and gray matter structural damage is reduced, but cannot recover to the trauma-control level, and （3） the superior parietal Iobule is possibly associated with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder patients exhibit gray matter abnormalities.展开更多
目的探讨精神分裂症患者前额叶、丘脑氢质子磁共振波谱(proton magnetic resonance spectrosco-py,1H-MRS)的特点及其与临床症状的关系。方法本研究纳入7d内未使用抗精神病药物及影响脑内乙酰胆碱神经递质药物的32例精神分裂症患者和36...目的探讨精神分裂症患者前额叶、丘脑氢质子磁共振波谱(proton magnetic resonance spectrosco-py,1H-MRS)的特点及其与临床症状的关系。方法本研究纳入7d内未使用抗精神病药物及影响脑内乙酰胆碱神经递质药物的32例精神分裂症患者和36名正常对照,入组24h内采用多体素1H-MRS检测受试者前额叶和丘脑生化代谢物N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)与肌酸复合物(Cr),并计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr和NAA/(Cho+Cr)的比值。患者组同时进行阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评估。结果患者组左侧前额叶及左右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值[分别为(1.30±0.39)、(1.53±0.36)和(1.47±0.35)]均低于对照组[分别为(1.74±0.24)、(1.73±0.25)和(1.74±0.31)],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者组左侧前额叶NAA/(Cho+Cr)值[(0.63±0.12)]低于对照组[(0.74±0.21)],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者组左侧前额叶NAA/Cr值与PANSS总分及阴性症状分呈负相关(r=-0.48,P<0.01;r=-0.54,P<0.01),右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值与阴性症状呈负相关(r=-0.44,P<0.01)。结论精神分裂症患者前额叶及丘脑存在神经元功能和(或)结构异常,左侧前额叶NAA/Cr值可能作为反映精神分裂症患者阴性症状严重程度的参考指标。展开更多
文摘While brain computer interfaces(BCIs)ofer the potential of allowing those sufering from loss of muscle control to once again fully engage with their environment by bypassing the afected motor system and decoding user intentions directly from brain activity,they are prone to errors.One possible avenue for BCI performance improvement is to detect when the BCI user perceives the BCI to have made an unintended action and thus take corrective actions.Error-related potentials(ErrPs)are neural correlates of error awareness and as such can provide an indication of when a BCI system is not performing according to the user’s intentions.Here,we investigate the brain signals of an implanted BCI user sufering from locked-in syndrome(LIS)due to late-stage ALS that prevents her from being able to speak or move but not from using her BCI at home on a daily basis to communicate,for the presence of error-related signals.We frst establish the presence of an ErrP originating from the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex(dLPFC)in response to errors made during a discrete feedback task that mimics the click-based spelling software she uses to communicate.Then,we show that this ErrP can also be elicited by cursor movement errors in a continuous BCI cursor control task.This work represents a frst step toward detecting ErrPs during the daily home use of a communications BCI.
基金Key Program forGuangming Lu,No.BWS11J063 and No.10z026
文摘This study compared the difference in brain structure in 12 mine disaster survivors with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder, 7 cases of improved post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and 14 controls who experienced the same mine disaster but did not suffer post-traumatic stress disorder, using the voxel-based morphometry method. The correlation between differences in brain structure and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms was also investigated. Results showed that the gray matter volume was the highest in the trauma control group, followed by the symptoms-improved group, and the lowest in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. Compared with the symptoms-improved group, the gray matter volume in the lingual gyrus of the right occipital lobe was reduced in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. Compared with the trauma control group, the gray matter volume in the right middle occipital gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus was reduced in the symptoms-improved group. Compared with the trauma control group, the gray matter volume in the left superior parietal lo- bule and right superior frontal gyrus was reduced in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. The gray matter volume in the left superior parietal Iobule was significantly positively correlated with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory subscale score in the symptoms-improved group and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group （r = 0.477, P = 0.039）. Our findings indicate that （1） chronic post-traumatic stress disorder patients have gray matter structural damage in the prefrontal lobe, oc- cipital lobe, and parietal lobe, （2） after post-traumatic stress, the disorder symptoms are improved and gray matter structural damage is reduced, but cannot recover to the trauma-control level, and （3） the superior parietal Iobule is possibly associated with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Post-traumatic stress disorder patients exhibit gray matter abnormalities.
文摘目的探讨精神分裂症患者前额叶、丘脑氢质子磁共振波谱(proton magnetic resonance spectrosco-py,1H-MRS)的特点及其与临床症状的关系。方法本研究纳入7d内未使用抗精神病药物及影响脑内乙酰胆碱神经递质药物的32例精神分裂症患者和36名正常对照,入组24h内采用多体素1H-MRS检测受试者前额叶和丘脑生化代谢物N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)与肌酸复合物(Cr),并计算NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr和NAA/(Cho+Cr)的比值。患者组同时进行阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评估。结果患者组左侧前额叶及左右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值[分别为(1.30±0.39)、(1.53±0.36)和(1.47±0.35)]均低于对照组[分别为(1.74±0.24)、(1.73±0.25)和(1.74±0.31)],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者组左侧前额叶NAA/(Cho+Cr)值[(0.63±0.12)]低于对照组[(0.74±0.21)],差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患者组左侧前额叶NAA/Cr值与PANSS总分及阴性症状分呈负相关(r=-0.48,P<0.01;r=-0.54,P<0.01),右侧丘脑NAA/Cr值与阴性症状呈负相关(r=-0.44,P<0.01)。结论精神分裂症患者前额叶及丘脑存在神经元功能和(或)结构异常,左侧前额叶NAA/Cr值可能作为反映精神分裂症患者阴性症状严重程度的参考指标。
