Malignant tumors are one of the serious public health problems that threaten the survival time of human beings.They are prone to metastasis to distant organs and the central nervous system is one of the common target ...Malignant tumors are one of the serious public health problems that threaten the survival time of human beings.They are prone to metastasis to distant organs and the central nervous system is one of the common target organs.As it is difficult for chemotherapeutics,targeted drugs and other macromolecules to pass through the blood brain barrier(BBB),local radiation therapy is often used for treating intracranial primary or metastatic tumors.However,whether it is whole brain radiation therapy(WBRT)or stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT),the choice of radiation dose is limited by the side effects of radiation therapy on the surrounding normal brain tissues.Radiation-induced brain injury(RBI)can further develop into radiation necrosis(RN)in the late stage.Bevacizumab is often effective against RBI by antagonizing vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),but it still cannot completely reverse RN.Emerging treatment options such as human pluripotent stem-cell transplantation have made it possible to reverse the process of RN.展开更多
Heavy ion beams with high linear energy transfer exhibit more beneifcial physical and biological performance than conventional X-rays, thus improving the potential of this type of radiotherapy in the treatment of canc...Heavy ion beams with high linear energy transfer exhibit more beneifcial physical and biological performance than conventional X-rays, thus improving the potential of this type of radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer. However, these two radiotherapy modalities both cause inevitable brain injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of heavy ion and X-ray irra-diation on the cytoskeleton and cytomechanical properties of rat cortical neurons, as well as to determine the potential mechanism of neuronal injury after irradiation. Cortical neurons from 30 new-born mice were irradiated with heavy ion beams at a single dose of 2 Gy and X-rays at a single dose of 4 Gy;subsequent evaluation of their effects were carried out at 24 hours after irradiation. An immunolfuorescence assay showed that after irradiation with both the heavy ion beam and X-rays, the number of primary neurons was signiifcantly decreased, and there was ev-idence of apoptosis. Radiation-induced neuronal injury was more apparent after X-irradiation. Under atomic force microscopy, the neuronal membrane appeared rough and neuronal rigidity had increased. These cell changes were more apparent following exposure to X-rays. Our ifnd-ings indicated that damage caused by heavy ion and X-ray irradiation resulted in the structural distortion and rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, and affected the cytomechanical properties of the cortical neurons. Moreover, this radiation injury to normal neurons was much severer after irradiation with X-rays than after heavy ion beam irradiation.展开更多
文摘Malignant tumors are one of the serious public health problems that threaten the survival time of human beings.They are prone to metastasis to distant organs and the central nervous system is one of the common target organs.As it is difficult for chemotherapeutics,targeted drugs and other macromolecules to pass through the blood brain barrier(BBB),local radiation therapy is often used for treating intracranial primary or metastatic tumors.However,whether it is whole brain radiation therapy(WBRT)or stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT),the choice of radiation dose is limited by the side effects of radiation therapy on the surrounding normal brain tissues.Radiation-induced brain injury(RBI)can further develop into radiation necrosis(RN)in the late stage.Bevacizumab is often effective against RBI by antagonizing vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),but it still cannot completely reverse RN.Emerging treatment options such as human pluripotent stem-cell transplantation have made it possible to reverse the process of RN.
文摘Heavy ion beams with high linear energy transfer exhibit more beneifcial physical and biological performance than conventional X-rays, thus improving the potential of this type of radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer. However, these two radiotherapy modalities both cause inevitable brain injury. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of heavy ion and X-ray irra-diation on the cytoskeleton and cytomechanical properties of rat cortical neurons, as well as to determine the potential mechanism of neuronal injury after irradiation. Cortical neurons from 30 new-born mice were irradiated with heavy ion beams at a single dose of 2 Gy and X-rays at a single dose of 4 Gy;subsequent evaluation of their effects were carried out at 24 hours after irradiation. An immunolfuorescence assay showed that after irradiation with both the heavy ion beam and X-rays, the number of primary neurons was signiifcantly decreased, and there was ev-idence of apoptosis. Radiation-induced neuronal injury was more apparent after X-irradiation. Under atomic force microscopy, the neuronal membrane appeared rough and neuronal rigidity had increased. These cell changes were more apparent following exposure to X-rays. Our ifnd-ings indicated that damage caused by heavy ion and X-ray irradiation resulted in the structural distortion and rearrangement of the cytoskeleton, and affected the cytomechanical properties of the cortical neurons. Moreover, this radiation injury to normal neurons was much severer after irradiation with X-rays than after heavy ion beam irradiation.
