Research strategies in click chemistry: Measuring its cognitive contents and knowledge flow

The issue about how outstanding scientists obtained innovative findings has drawn the interest of researchers in science, policy and scientometrics. Here, we attempt to address this question by using computational methods to measure the cognitive content and concepts of K. Barry Sharpless’ research and estimate the knowledge flow of his click chemistry to other fields. First, we traced Sharpless’ conceptual journey over time through topic modeling approach, mapping and clustering of the epistemic network from distant reading his publications. We find that connectivity and functions, the core features of click chemistry, are embodied in his constant search for simplicity. What makes simplicity possible is his continuous work with collaborators on reactivity and reaction mechanisms. Moreover, citation and link analysis show that click chemistry had a much richer impact on other research fields than what is generally acknowledged, and drew solutions to significant and practical questions back to chemistry from biology.Together with these findings, we propose that the click chemistry philosophy follows the way that values nature’s principle. Chemistry has a clear-cut epistemic domain in modeling Nature. Thus, click chemistry as a concept on doing science beyond a connective technology goes across the boundaries between disciplines and impacts many other fields.

Recent progress in research and design concepts for the characterization,testing,and photocatalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction

The reduction of molecular nitrogen(N_(2))to ammonia(NH_(3))under mild conditions is one of the most promising studies in the energy field due to the important role of NH_(3)in modern industry,production,and life.The photocatalytic reduction of N_(2)is expected to achieve clean and sustainable NH_(3)production by using clean solar energy.To date,the new photocatalysts for photocatalytic reduction of N_(2)to NH_(3)at room temperature and atmospheric pressure have not been fully developed.The major challenge is to achieve high light-absorption efficiency,conversion efficiency,and stability of photocatalysts.Herein,the methods for measuring produced NH_(3)are compared,and the problems related to possible NH_(3)pollution in photocatalytic systems are mentioned to provide accurate ideas for measuring photocatalytic efficiency.The recent progress of nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)photocatalysts at ambient temperature and pressure is summarized by introducing charge transfer,migration,and separation in photocatalytic NRR,which provides a guidance for the selection of future photocatalyst.More importantly,we introduce the latest research strategies of photocatalysts in detail,which can guide the preparation and design of photocatalysts with high NRR activity.

Research on Tourism Experience Enhancement Strategies for the Daming Palace Site

The Daming Palace site has an important status and far-reaching influence as a national critical cultural relics protection unit and world cultural heritage.Likewise,as a 5A tourist attraction,it has a unique tourist attraction.By studying the strategy of improving the tourism experience of the Daming Palace ruins,analyzing the current situation of the utilization of cultural tourism resources and the existing problems,and proposing corresponding solutions,we can contribute to the improvement and enhancement of the tourism experience of the Daming Palace ruins in the future.

Normative Analysis and Strategy Research on Harmonized Development of Modern Industrialization, Urbanization, Agricultural Modernization and IT Application

Targeting modernization, we should keep to the Chinese-style path of car- rying out industrialization in a new way and advancing IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization. In the research, the scientific concepts of IT applica- tion, urbanization, agricultural modernization and industrialization were illustrated and the interrelations were analyzed, with measures on harmonized development pro- posed based on existing problems.

The Association between Researchers’Conceptions of Research and Their Strategic Research Agendas

Purpose:In studies of the research process,the association between how researchers conceptualize research and their strategic research agendas has been largely overlooked.This study aims to address this gap.Design/methodology/approach:This study analyzes this relationship using a dataset of more than 8,500 researchers across all scientific fields and the globe.It studies the associations between the dimensions of two inventories:the Conceptions of Research Inventory(CoRI)and the Multi-Dimensional Research Agenda Inventory—Revised(MDRAI-R).Findings:The findings show a relatively strong association between researchers’conceptions of research and their research agendas.While all conceptions of research are positively related to scientific ambition,the findings are mixed regarding how the dimensions of the two inventories relate to one another,which is significant for those seeking to understand the knowledge production process better.Research limitations:The study relies on self-reported data,which always carries a risk of response bias.Practical implications:The findings provide a greater understanding of the inner workings of knowledge processes and indicate that the two inventories,whether used individually or in combination,may provide complementary analytical perspectives to research performance indicators.They may thus offer important insights for managers of research environments regarding how to assess the research culture,beliefs,and conceptualizations of individual researchers and research teams when designing strategies to promote specific institutional research focuses and strategies.Originality/value:To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first study to associate research agendas and conceptions of research.It is based on a large sample of researchers working worldwide and in all fields of knowledge,which ensures that the findings have a reasonable degree of generalizability to the global population of researchers.

THE HISTORY AND STATUS OF GEOPOLITICS AND THE GEOPOLITICAL STRATEGIES OF CHINA

Taking the rising and declining in Geopolitics as the main lines, this paper reviews the history of the annihilation, revival and deveopment in geoplitics since the 1970s. The ideas and propositions about the world geopolitical structure after the end of Cold War, proposed by the Westem geopolitical strategists, have been introduced and assessed. About the geopolitical strategies of China in the world geopolotical structure in the future, the authors propose framework ideas. The aim of the paper is to join discussions and researches on the geopolitical strategies, and to promote the subject construction and development of human geography including Geopolitics and Political Geography.

Strategy research on new urban space development and new deepwater terminal in Hengsha

From a strategic perspective,the paper presents a forward-looking thinking supported by interdisciplinary of modern logistics,estuary and coast,environment and ecology,economic management and mathematical statistics. It leads to a reasonable solution to space expansion by reclamation. Construction of new deepwater terminal is the best usage of land resources and can strengthen the status of Shanghai as an international shipping center,thus support the preparation and strategic decision of future urban development of Shanghai.

Analysis and Strategy Research on the Mathematics Learning Situation of the Postgraduate Candidates

This study takes the students who intend to study for graduate students as the research object,and makes a questionnaire survey on the mathematics learning situation and learning platform of the postgraduate candidates.Questionnaires were distributed online and offline,and a total of 326 valid questionnaires were collected.Based on 326 questionnaires,this paper analyzes the current learning situation of mathematics in the postgraduate entrance examination and studies the strategies based on the present situation,which points out the direction for the construction of mathematics learning and communication platform based on the needs of postgraduate entrance examination.

The Analysis of the Present Situation and the Development Research of College Students＇ Party Construction Work in the New Period of Our Country

The university is to train socialist builders and successors important base, and actively carry out work of party building is the core of college students＇ college party building work. In this paper, it analyzes the importance of college students in the new era of party building work carried out elaborate, and the College Students＇ party building work and the reasons for the problems. It then proposes effective measures to further improve the Party building work of college students in order to better promote the new era of college students the healthy development of building work.

Train of Thought and Strategy over Strengthening the Research of Treating Hypertension by Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine

The gradually ex—panding number of peo—pie suffering from hy—pertension and the trendof lowering of their ageindicate that one shouldpay more attention tothe illness and tOstrengthen preventionand treatment of it inorder tO elevate clinicaltherapeutic effect,so as

The Summary of the Research on the Compound Braking Strategy of Four Wheel Hub Motor Drive Electric Vehicle

This paper describes in detail three kinds of typical compound braking strategy of wheel motor drive electric vehicle and summarizes the current commonly used strategies based on the three typical strategies developed. In the end, a new compound braking strategy is proposed;that is, we take braking mode classify, ECE regulations and SOC value of the battery as an important reference of braking force that joins the motor braking force, as well as we join the different identification models;according to the different braking modes, the purpose is that we can apply the different braking program.

STRESSING THE PILOT RESEARCH FOR THE NATIONAL S&T DEVELOPMENTAL STRATEGY

How to put forward advisory suggestions regarded as feasible, workable and acceptable by the State leaders through the integration of the goodwill cherished by our scientists with the blueprint masterminded by the hosts of various R&D projects? It seems to me a problem worthy of our serious consideration. Here I would like to suggest that under the leading group of national S&T affairs, a new organ functionally similar to the State R&D Center be set up. Acting as a counselling team to the group, it must be small in payroll and include by strategists spe-

上海市艾滋病防治工作现状及对策建议

艾滋病是我国重点控制的传染病之一。我国政府高度重视艾滋病防治工作,制定发布了系列政策文件,全面加强艾滋病防治工作,以推进联合国2030年终结艾滋病流行可持续发展目标的实现。上海市按照国家相关要求,结合本市特点和工作实际,制定了上海市艾滋病防治工作目标,全面落实艾滋病防治责任与任务,持续推进各项防控措施,取得了明显成效。分析近年来上海市艾滋病防治工作进展及现状,并提出下一步工作对策及建议。

New-Energy Vehicle Transmission System Optimization and Design

This paper discusses the optimization and design of the new-energy vehicle transmission systems.Traditional automatic transmission systems suffer from fuel consumption and emissions issues,as well as limitations in the efficiency of mechanical transmission systems.In order to solve these problems,different types of transmission systems are used in new-energy vehicles,including battery electric vehicles(BEV),hybrid electric vehicles(HEV),and fuel cell electric vehicles(FCEV).The key factors for optimizing the transmission systems of new-energy vehicles include battery technology and energy management system,electric motor and electronic control system,energy recovery and reuse technology,and lightweight and aerodynamic design of the vehicle.This paper also introduces methods and tools for designing new-energy vehicle transmission systems,including simulation tools,optimization algorithms and data analysis,as well as experimental verification and testing methods.Besides,new-energy vehicle transmission system designs are proposed,and future challenges and development directions are discussed through case studies.

Ethnography： Linking Theory and Practices

Ethnography has become popular in educational research. Its basic notion of exploring people＇s shared culture has inspired educational researchers to draw on it when, for example, exploring teachers＇ belief of a particular educational system of a certain country. In order to understand how this methodology is employed as one of multiple research methodologies in social sciences and education, this article will first lay out its dimensions, which includes definition and characteristics. Following this, it will present the ontological and epistemological aspect of ethnography as well as its research strategies. The article concludes with an understanding that unlike positivist, the cohort of ethnography methodology postulates the ethnographers must study the world in its natural context. The task of an ethnographer is looking for something that lies beyond himself, something that he/she has to uncover by understanding multiple realities that each individual in the world may perceive.

Regional Distribution and Sustainable Development Strategy of Mineral Resources in China

This paper summarizes the distribution and production layout of the major mineral resources in China,including coal,iron ore,copper and bauxite,from a national perspective.It also identifies the incompatibility between the mineral resources distribution and regional economic development.Significant issues with China's mineral resource industry cause challenges for the sustainable development of both the mining industry and the national socio-economy.The sustainability of regional mineral resources and the environmental pollution by mining in the western China were also analyzed.Results show that the distribution of China's mineral resources is misaligned with its regional layout of economic development.China's mineral resources have been over-exploited,and the mineral resources production in the eastern China is unsustainable.The continuously expanding production of mineral resources in the western China has heavily endangered the ecological environment.We propose strategies to boost the sustainable development of mineral resources,including measures to accelerate economic development and enhance the sustainability of domestic mineral resources.We also offer suggestions for scientifically planning the mineral resource prospecting and exploitation and regional economic layout,as well as for proactively undertaking industry transfer in the eastern China and raising the environmental benchmark requirements for the mineral industry in the central and western China.

An analysis on ecological civilization construction in Gansu based on a quantified SWOT framework

Ecological civilization （EC） construction has become one of the key elements of China＇s reform and development process, since it was put forward at the 17th National People＇s Congress （NPC） in 2007 and improved at the 18th NPC in 2012, and stressed at the third plenary session of the 18th NPC. The provincial areas are the most important pilot units of EC strategy. Therefore, research on EC at the provincial level can meet the practical demand for EC in China. Based on the existing provincial circumstances in Gansu and its significant position as an ecological barrier in northwestern China, and aiming at the core issue of why and how to build EC in Gansu, this paper employs SWOT （strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats） analysis, the Delphi method, and a combined quantitative analysis and coordinate method, and then calculates the relevant strategic orientation angle （0 = 1.4605） and strength coefficient （p = 0.53）. The results show that Gansu should take an opportunities-dominated strategy, and choose opportunity-strength measures, so the province can increase its in- ternal strengths and decrease its weaknesses with external promote an EC construction strategy. opportunities. Specific measures are recommended to actively

Future Strategies on Glioma Research:From Big Data to the Clinic

Glioma, as the most common and aggressive malignant central nervous system （CNS） tumor with generally poor prognosis, has been attracting much attention in the last decade [1]. Temozolomide was firstly available in the United States in 1999 as a chemotherapy drug for treating brain cancers and remains as the first-line treatment for glioma. The World Health Organization （WHO） classified glioma into four main grades according to the degree of malignancy in 2007, which were updated in 2016 with the introduction of significant molecular alternations. Also in 2016, the Chinese Glioma Cooperative Group （CGCG） published the first guideline for adult diffuse gliomas [2], representing the only national consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of adult gliomas up till nOW.

A brief study of ＂new media＂ on the ethical problems and countermeasures

Modern media technology on the dramatic changes that took place in the context of globalization, new media also came in- to being. Its scope, mainly related to blogs, wikis, micro-blogging, micro-letter network, media NET, driving NET, computer networks, mobile text messaging, mobile TV, digital TV, touch-sensitive media and other free collections of a range of media production and timely dissemination of information. This article will explain the features of the new medium, unlike traditional media, characteristics of new me- dia, new media, moral perspective, combines technical, ethical and management in exploring the three causes of relevant ethical issues. The related ethical issues have been on public morals and social ethics of media brought new challenges. Looking for ethical issues related to new media strategy, new media system of ethics and oversight mechanisms, strengthen self-discipline and new media new media profes- sional philosophy and moral consciousness is now the important issues we face.