Anti-aliasing nonstationary signals detecion algorithm based on interpolation in the frequency domain using the short time Fourier transform

To eliminate the aliasing that appeared during the measurement of multi-components nonstationary signals, a novel kind of anti-aliasing algorithm based on the short time Fourier transform （STFT） is brought forward. First the physical essence of aliasing that occurs is analyzed; second the interpolation algorithm model is setup based on the Hamming window; then the fast implementation of the algorithm using the Newton iteration method is given. Using the numerical simulation the feasibility of algorithm is validated. Finally, the electrical circuit experiment shows the practicality of the algorithm in the electrical engineering.

Suppression to the cross-channel interference based on the short time Fourier transform

A new cross-channel interference suppression method is proposed to decrease the cross-channel interference in beat signals based on the short time Fourier transform （STY3＂） and the inverse short time Fourier transform （ISTFT） when the dual-orthogonal polarimetric frequency-modulated continu- ous wave （FMCW） radar adopts the opposite-slope linear frequency modulation signal pair in the simultaneous measurement mode. The STFT is applied only on the signals in the cross-interference intervals in the four polarimetric channels to decrease the computation complexity. A mask matrix for suppressing the interference is constructed using the constant false alarm ratio （CFAR） detection on the spectrograms by the STFY. The simulative results show that the cross-channel interference is effi- ciently suppressed by the proposed method. The comparison between the proposed method and the rejection method verifies the improved performance of the proposed method.

Application of short-time Fourier transform to high-rise frame structural-health monitoring based on change of inherent frequency over time

The high-rise frame structure has become more and more widespread, like its damage from the complication of the environment. The traditional method of damage detection, which is only suitable for the stationary signal, does not apply to a high-rise frame structure because its damage signal is non-stationary. Thus, this paper presents an application of the short-time Fourier transform(STFT) to damage detection of high-rise frame structures. Compared with the fast Fourier transform, STFT is found to be able to express the frequency spectrum property of the time interval using the signal within this interval. Application of STFT to analyzing a Matlab model and the shaking table test with a twelve-story frame-structure model reveals that there is a positive correlation between the slope of the frequency versus time and the damage level. If the slope is equal to or greater than zero, the structure is not damaged. If the slope is smaller than zero, the structure is damaged, and the less the slope is, the more serious the damage is. The damage results from calculation based on the Matlab model are consistent with those from the shaking table test, demonstrating that STFT can be a reliable tool for the damage detection of high-rise frame structures.

Short-Term Sinusoidal Modeling of an Oriental Music Signal by Using CQT Transform

In this paper, we propose a method for characterizing a musical signal by extracting a set of harmonic descriptors reflecting the maximum information contained in this signal. We focus our study on a signal of oriental music characterized by its richness in tone that can be extended to 1/4 tone, taking into account the frequency and time characteristics of this type of music. To do so, the original signal is slotted and analyzed on a window of short duration. This signal is viewed as the result of a combined modulation of amplitude and frequency. For this result, we apply short-term the non-stationary sinusoidal modeling technique. In each segment, the signal is represented by a set of sinusoids characterized by their intrinsic parameters: amplitudes, frequencies and phases. The modeling approach adopted is closely related to the slot window;therefore great importance is devoted to the study and the choice of the kind of the window and its width. It must be of variable length in order to get better results in the practical implementation of our method. For this purpose, evaluation tests were carried out by synthesizing the signal from the estimated parameters. Interesting results have been identified concerning the comparison of the synthesized signal with the original signal.

基于短时傅立叶变换和改进Vision Transformer的滚动轴承故障诊断方法

针对传统故障诊断技术在精确与高效地诊断减速器滚动轴承故障信号方面所面临的挑战,文中提出了一种基于短时傅里叶变换与改进Vision Transformer模型的故障诊断新方法。此方法有效融合了短时傅里叶变换在处理非线性和非平稳信号上的优势以及Vision Transformer在图像分类任务上的卓越性能。通过短时傅里叶变换将一维的振动信号转化为包含时域和频域信息的二维图像数据,进而利用改进的Vision Transformer模型对这些图像数据进行处理,以实现对滚动轴承故障状态的精准诊断。在公开数据集上的实验结果验证了该方法的稳定性与高识别精度,展示了其在滚动轴承故障诊断领域的应用潜力。

基于AI的噪声环境下远距离高清音频采集研究

为提升远距离采集音频信号的强度,深度滤除音频信号噪声以提取有用音频部分,提出一种基于AI的噪声环境下远距离高清音频采集方法。构建远距离高清音频采集结构,分别通过模拟增益和数字增益技术进行音频信号增益处理,以提升音频信号强度。依据短时傅里叶变换提取音频增益信号频域特征,输入到长短期记忆网络中,实现音频信号深度噪声去除,得到高清音频频域信息;再通过短时傅里叶逆变换处理该信号,实现音频信号重构,最终达到噪声环境下远距离高清音频采集的目的。实验验证结果表明:依据音频信号增益能够有效提升采集音频信号的强度,并避免信号受距离、噪声影响而逐渐衰减,继而有效滤除音频信号噪声数据,提取其中有用的音频信号,确保音频信号高清度;且最终采集音频信号信噪比均高于18 dB,可懂度均高于97%,有效验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。

基于自适应短时Chirp-Fourier变换的瞬时转速估计及应用

回转设备的瞬时转速是实现故障诊断的重要参数之一,也是提取表征设备运行状态其他关键参数的基本前提。针对传统短时傅里叶变换方法存在瞬时转速估计精度不足的问题,提出一种基于自适应短时Chirp-Fourier变换的瞬时转速估计方法。该方法建立调频参数的自适应选取策略,可根据信号的时频分布特性对信号进行自适应匹配分解,不但提高了计算效率,而且避免了谱图模糊问题,实现瞬时转速的精确估计。在此基础上结合信号解调技术,形成无键相幅值相位解调方法,并成功应用于变工况下的齿轮箱故障诊断。

基于高斯短时分数阶Fourier变换的海面微动目标检测方法

海上目标随海面颠簸导致姿态变化,引起回波功率调制效应,导致回波多普勒体现时变和非平稳特性.为此,本文将微多普勒理论应用于海杂波中弱目标检测,提出一种基于高斯短时分数阶Fourier变换(GSTFRFT)的海面微动目标检测方法.首先,建立海面目标的平动和三维转动回波模型;然后,基于海尖峰判别方法对回波信号进行数据筛选,改善信杂比,并采用GSTFRFT对微动信号进行增强处理,利用海面目标与海杂波的微动特征差异设计恒虚警检测方法;最后,通过GSTFRFT域滤波,提取信号的微动特征并得到瞬时频率.实测雷达数据仿真结果验证了算法的有效性,具有在强海杂波中检测微弱目标的能力.

Output only modal identification and structural damage detection using time frequency & wavelet techniques

The primary objective of this paper is to develop output only modal identification and structural damage detection. Identification of multi-degree of freedom （MDOF） linear time invariant （LTI） and linear time variant （LTV--due to damage） systems based on Time-frequency （TF） techniques--such as short-time Fourier transform （STFT）, empirical mode decomposition （EMD）, and wavelets--is proposed. STFT, EMD, and wavelet methods developed to date are reviewed in detail. In addition a Hilbert transform （HT） approach to determine frequency and damping is also presented. In this paper, STFT, EMD, HT and wavelet techniques are developed for decomposition of free vibration response of MDOF systems into their modal components. Once the modal components are obtained, each one is processed using Hilbert transform to obtain the modal frequency and damping ratios. In addition, the ratio of modal components at different degrees of freedom facilitate determination of mode shape. In cases with output only modal identification using ambient/random response, the random decrement technique is used to obtain free vibration response. The advantage of TF techniques is that they arc signal based; hence, can be used for output only modal identification. A three degree of freedom 1：10 scale model test structure is used to validate the proposed output only modal identification techniques based on STFT, EMD, HT, wavelets. Both measured free vibration and forced vibration （white noise） response are considered. The secondary objective of this paper is to show the relative ease with which the TF techniques can be used for modal identification and their potential for real world applications where output only identification is essential. Recorded ambient vibration data processed using techniques such as the random decrement technique can be used to obtain the free vibration response, so that further processing using TF based modal identification can be performed.

A novel sparse filtering approach based on time-frequency feature extraction and softmax regression for intelligent fault diagnosis under different speeds

Modern agricultural mechanization has put forward higher requirements for the intelligent defect diagnosis.However,the fault features are usually learned and classified under all speeds without considering the effects of speed fluctuation.To overcome this deficiency,a novel intelligent defect detection framework based on time-frequency transformation is presented in this work.In the framework,the samples under one speed are employed for training sparse filtering model,and the remaining samples under different speeds are adopted for testing the effectiveness.Our proposed approach contains two stages:1)the time-frequency domain signals are acquired from the mechanical raw vibration data by the short time Fourier transform algorithm,and then the defect features are extracted from time-frequency domain signals by sparse filtering algorithm;2)different defect types are classified by the softmax regression using the defect features.The proposed approach can be employed to mine available fault characteristics adaptively and is an effective intelligent method for fault detection of agricultural equipment.The fault detection performances confirm that our approach not only owns strong ability for fault classification under different speeds,but also obtains higher identification accuracy than the other methods.

基于分数阶Fourier变换的模糊函数及其在二次调频信号参数估计应用中的研究

作为处理非平稳信号的一种重要工具,模糊函数(ambiguity function,AF)已经被广泛应用于雷达信号处理、声纳技术等领域,并对线性调频信号信号的参数估计具有极好的处理能力。但对应用于众多领域的二次调频信号,模糊函数就显得无能为力了。作为Fourier变换的更广义形式,分数阶Fourier变换(Fractional Fourier trans-form)近年来受到了广泛关注。为解决二次调频信号的估计问题,本文研究了基于分数阶Fourier变换的模糊函数,给出了这种变换的一些新的重要性质,如共轭对称性、Moyal公式、时移性等,推导出了它与经典模糊函数、基于分数阶Fourier变换的Wigner分布、短时Fourier变换、小波变换等其他时频变换的关系。作为应用,最后本文用这种分数阶模糊函数来估计二次调频信号,应用实例的仿真结果表明了分数阶模糊函数在估计二次调频信号参数方面的可行性和有效性。

基于时频卷积神经网络的供水管道漏损识别

现有供水管道漏损检测研究不能判断漏损压力,为此依托全尺寸管网漏损中试实验平台采集管道声信号,提出基于窗参数优化的短时傅里叶变换和卷积神经网络的供水管道漏损压力识别模型.对于相同面积、不同形状的漏口,采用短时傅里叶变换处理声信号,得到包含三压力水平下漏损特征的二维时频谱图,作为卷积神经网络的输入.在窗参数和网络超参数优化的基础上,构建漏损压力识别模型.实验结果表明:所提模型总体识别准确率为95.2%,高、中、低压漏损工况识别准确率为93.5%、92.9%、92.4%;相比传统机器学习模型,所提模型识别漏损和压力准确率更高,可用于实际供水管网的漏损压力识别.

基于短时Fourier变换的水面舰艇冲击响应分析

舰艇冲击响应具有明显的非平稳与非线性特征,传统的Fourier变换分析应用受限。文章利用短时Fourier变换(STFT)分析技术研究冲击响应的时频变化特征,计算结果证明了该分析方法可比较精确地描述舰艇船体结构与舰用设备冲击响应频率特性随时间的演化特征。该研究成果可以为舰艇抗冲击指标细化分析与极限冲击载荷研究提供技术支持。

小波变换与Fourier变换的关系

从对Fourier变换的分析揭示出小波变换是数学本身发展的必然；从Fourier分析的局限性，讨论小波变换的变焦距特性；从Fourier变换的固定基给出小波变换基的选取原则，从而得出小波变换是Fourier变换的继承和发展。

基于同步压缩短时Fourier变换的信号瞬时频率提取方法

利用同步压缩短时Fourier变换(SSTFT)方法,改进了其非线性非稳态多成分信号的瞬时频率提取方法。其主要思想是将短时Fourier变换(STFT)之后的时频谱在时频平面上进行压缩重排,重排之后对时频谱上的能量脊线进行提取,再利用压缩重排逆变换,将各脊线对应的时域信号恢复出来,通过时频最优连接,改进了脊线提取不完整的缺点,将零碎曲线连接成完整的频率曲线,并利用该方法提取出了信号的瞬时频率成分。利用改进的SSTFT方法对多成分的模拟信号和高速列车轴箱振动加速度信号进行了分析。结果表明,该方法能有效分离信号的各个成分,并能够完整得到具有物理意义的瞬时频率。

FM interference suppression for PRC-CW radar based on adaptive STFT and time-varying filtering

The influence of frequency modulation （FM） interfer- ence on correlation detection performance of the pseudo random code continuous wave （PRC-CW） radar is analyzed. It is found that the correlation output deteriorates greatly when the FM inter- ference power exceeds the anti-jamming limit of the radar. Accord- ing to the fact that the PRC-CW radar echo is a wideband pseudo random signal occupying the whole TF plane, while the FM in- terference only concentrates in a small portion, a new method is proposed based on adaptive short-time Fourier transform （STFT） and time-varying filtering for FM interference suppression. This method filters the received signal by using a binary mask to excise only the portion of the TF plane corrupted by the interference. Two types of interference, linear FM （LFM） and sinusoidal FM （SFM）, under different signal-to-jamming ratio （S JR） are studied. It is shown that the proposed method can effectively suppress the FM interference and improve the performance of target detection.

Radar Signal Intra-Pulse Feature Extraction Based on Improved Wavelet Transform Algorithm

With the new system radar put into practical use, the characteristics of complex radar signals are changing and developing. The traditional analysis method of one-dimensional transformation domain is no longer applicable to the modern radar signal processing, and it is necessary to seek new methods in the two-dimensional transformation domain. The time-frequency analysis method is the most widely used method in the two-dimensional transformation domain. In this paper, two typical time-frequency analysis methods of short-time Fourier transform and Wigner-Ville distribution are studied by analyzing the time-frequency transform of typical radar reconnaissance linear frequency modulation signal, aiming at the problem of low accuracy and sen-sitivity to the signal noise of common methods, the improved wavelet transform algorithm was proposed.

基于短时Fourier变换的瑞雷面波相速度提取

瑞雷面波勘探的主要思想是利用瑞雷面波的频散特性来反映浅层地质问题.在分析常规Fourier变换提取瑞雷面波相速度的局限性的基础上,提出采用短时Fourier变换方法对实际资料进行处理,结果表明:短时Fourier变换提取瑞雷面波相速度的方法具有较高的准确性和可靠性,有很好的应用效果和发展前景.

从Fourier变换到小波分析

对突变信号、非平稳信号的处理已成为各领域的共同要求。本文从工程角度对Fourier变换、短时Fourier变换及小波分析的理论特点进行了讨论比较 ,为时实处理突变信号、非平稳信号探索新的途径。

基于短时傅里叶变换和深度网络的模块化多电平换流器子模块IGBT开路故障诊断

针对现有模块化多电平换流器(MMC)子模块故障诊断过程中所需传感器较多、测量干扰较大等问题,提出一种基于深度学习的MMC子模块IGBT开路故障诊断方法。在对MMC子模块开路故障特征进行分析的基础上,利用短时傅里叶变换(STFT)提取桥臂电压信号的谐波分量信息作为故障诊断所需的特征参数。将所得到的特征参数进行处理后构建故障诊断样本,在通过深度置信网络实现故障类型快速检测的基础上,依据不同故障类型,构建多个基于卷积神经网络的故障定位网络,进而实现开路故障的检测与定位。通过129电平的MMC系统仿真模型和降功率的MMC实验系统搭建,对该文所提方法进行了验证。仿真和实验结果表明,所提故障诊断方法可以在减少传感器数量的基础上实现子模块开路故障的诊断,提高系统的可靠性。