Kidney transplantation is the best replacement treatment for the end-stage renal disease.Currently,the imbalance between the number of patients on a transplant list and the number of organs available constitutes the c...Kidney transplantation is the best replacement treatment for the end-stage renal disease.Currently,the imbalance between the number of patients on a transplant list and the number of organs available constitutes the crucial limitation of this approach.To expand the pool of organs amenable for transplantation,kidneys coming from older patients have been employed;however,the combination of these organs in conjunction with the chronic use of immunosuppressive therapy increases the risk of incidence of graft small renal tumors.This narrative review aims to provide the state of the art on the clinical impact and management of incidentally diagnosed small renal tumors in either donors or recipients.According to the most updated evidence,the use of grafts with a small renal mass,after bench table tumor excision,may be considered a safe option for high-risk patients in hemodialysis.On the other hand,an early small renal mass finding on periodic ultrasound-evaluation in the graft should allow to perform a conservative treatment in order to preserve renal function.Finally,in case of a renal tumor in native kidney,a radical nephrectomy is usually recommended.展开更多
It was found that phosphorylation of small peptide could improve the sensitivity in mass spectrometry. Density functional theory calculations showed that the energy for the protonation of N-(O,O'-dimethyl) phospho...It was found that phosphorylation of small peptide could improve the sensitivity in mass spectrometry. Density functional theory calculations showed that the energy for the protonation of N-(O,O'-dimethyl) phosphoryl glycylglycine is lower than that of glycylglycine. These could help to understanding the experimental results.展开更多
Nutriology relies on advanced analytical tools to study the molecular compositions of food and provide key information on sample quality/safety. Small nutrients detection is challenging due to the high diversity and b...Nutriology relies on advanced analytical tools to study the molecular compositions of food and provide key information on sample quality/safety. Small nutrients detection is challenging due to the high diversity and broad dynamic range of molecules in food samples, and a further issue is to track low abundance toxins. Herein, we developed a novel plasmonic matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI MS)approach to detect small nutrients and toxins in complex biological emulsion samples. Silver nanoshells(SiO_2@-Ag) with optimized structures were used as matrices andachieved direct analysis of ~ 6 n L of human breast milk without any enrichment or separation. We performed identification and quantitation of small nutrients and toxins with limit-of-detection down to 0.4 pmol(for melamine) and reaction time shortened to minutes, which is superior to the conventional biochemical method currently in use. The developed approach contributes to the near-future application of MALDI MS in a broad field and personalized design of plasmonic materials for real-case bio-analysis.展开更多
A method for obtaining the small current quark mass dependence of the dressed quark propagator from an effective quark-quark interaction model is developed. Within this approach the small current quark mass effects on...A method for obtaining the small current quark mass dependence of the dressed quark propagator from an effective quark-quark interaction model is developed. Within this approach the small current quark mass effects on dressed-quark propagator have been studied. A comparison with previous results is given.展开更多
BACKGROUND Primary esophageal small cell carcinoma(PESCC)is a highly aggressive malignancy,and its detailed clinical behaviors have remained virtually unknown.Because of the rapid tumor progression,the diagnosis of es...BACKGROUND Primary esophageal small cell carcinoma(PESCC)is a highly aggressive malignancy,and its detailed clinical behaviors have remained virtually unknown.Because of the rapid tumor progression,the diagnosis of esophageal small cell carcinoma at early stage is extremely difficult in clinical practice.Currently,only a handful of PESCC cases have been reported.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 62-year-old man was diagnosed with an esophageal submucosal tumor by endoscopy.Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a 0.8 cm low echo nodule in the muscularis mucosa.As the patient refused to undergo endoscopic resection,neoplasia was detected by endoscopy 1 year later.Case 2:A 68-year-old woman was diagnosed as having an esophageal submucosal tumor by endoscopy at a local hospital.About 2 wk later,we performed endoscopic ultrasonography and found a 1 cm low echo nodule in the muscularis mucosa;the submucosal was thinner than normal but still continuous;mucosal hyperemia and erosion were found on the surface of the tumor.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)was performed and the histopathological finding showed a small cell carcinoma invading the submucosal layer.CONCLUSION Early esophageal small cell carcinoma shows submucosal infiltrating growth with a hypoechoic mass in the muscularis mucosa as diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography.It is easily misdiagnosed as submucosal masses.Endoscopic manifestations should be identified and pathological biopsies should beemployed. ESD may be performed to provide an opportunity for early treatmentof PESCC.展开更多
To identify potential serum biomarkers that could be used to discriminate lung cancers from normal. Methods Proteomic spectra of twenty-eight serum samples from patients with non-small cell lung cancer and twelve f...To identify potential serum biomarkers that could be used to discriminate lung cancers from normal. Methods Proteomic spectra of twenty-eight serum samples from patients with non-small cell lung cancer and twelve from normal individuals were generated by SELDI (Surfaced Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization) Mass Spectrometry. Anion-exchange columns were used to fractionate the sera into 6 designated pH groups. Two different types of protein chip arrays, IMAC-Cu and WCX2, were employed. Samples were examined in PBSII Protein Chip Reader (Ciphergen Biosystem Inc) and the discriminatory profiling between cancer and normal samples was analyzed with Biomarker Pattern software. Results Five distinct potential lung cancer biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity were found, with four common biomarkers in both IMAC-Cu and WCX2 chip; the remaining biomarker occurred only in WCX2 chip. Two biomarkers were up-regulated while three biomarkers were down-regulated in the serum samples from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The sensitivities provided by the individual biomarkers were 75%-96.43% and specificities were 75%-100%. Conclusions The preliminary results suggest that serum is a capable resource for detecting specific non-small cell lung cancer biomarkers. SELDI mass spectrometry is a useful tool for the detection and identification of new potential biomarker of non-small cell lung cancer in serum.展开更多
An 80-year-old woman presenting with chest pain was found to have a large,lobulated soft tissue mass in the liver and nearby tissues on abdominal computed tomography(CT).The tumor had invaded the common hepatic artery...An 80-year-old woman presenting with chest pain was found to have a large,lobulated soft tissue mass in the liver and nearby tissues on abdominal computed tomography(CT).The tumor had invaded the common hepatic artery and main portal vein.Jaundice developed 4 wk later,at which point,a pancreas and biliary CT scan revealed a large mass in the right lobe of the liver and a hilar duct obstruction,which was found to be a small cell carcinoma.Despite its rarity,liver and bile duct small cell carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical chest pain without jaundice.展开更多
We report on a case of an 85-year old man with an unusual presentation of small bowel obstruction. A palpable mass on digital rectal examination was subsequently visualised endoscopically with the appearance of a haem...We report on a case of an 85-year old man with an unusual presentation of small bowel obstruction. A palpable mass on digital rectal examination was subsequently visualised endoscopically with the appearance of a haematoma. The presence of a rectal mass as a presenting sign for small bowel obstruction is highly unusual and unreported in the literature.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Although the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration is the well-known prognostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), serum CEA concentration has been reported to be affected by smokin...BACKGROUND: Although the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration is the well-known prognostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), serum CEA concentration has been reported to be affected by smoking status and body mass index (BMI). There are no previous investigations that examined the relationship between BMI and serum CEA concentration in thoracic disease, including NSCLC. METHODS: Consecutive 384 NSCLC patients and 87 patients with benign thoracic disease were enrolled. The relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status and BMI in patients with benign thoracic benign disease and NSCLC was examined. RESULTS: In patients with benign thoracic disease, serum CEA concentration significantly increased with smoking status and Brinkman index. However, serum CEA concentration was not related with BMI. Serum CEA concentration of patients with NSCLC was significantly higher than those with benign disease. In NSCLC patients, the relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status was also found. A significant relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status was also found in patients with adenocarcinoma which is known to have weaker associations with smoking in carcinogenesis. On the other hand, we failed to find the relationship between serum CEA concentration and BMI in NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION: Serum CEA concentration may be affected by smoking status but not BMI in our Japanese patients with thoracic disease.展开更多
目的探讨不同程度小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)发生的影响因素,为早期识别重度SGA的发生提供依据。方法回顾性收集2018年1月—2022年12月北京大学人民医院产科出生的新生儿及其母亲围产期资料。新生儿分为重度SGA组(出生...目的探讨不同程度小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)发生的影响因素,为早期识别重度SGA的发生提供依据。方法回顾性收集2018年1月—2022年12月北京大学人民医院产科出生的新生儿及其母亲围产期资料。新生儿分为重度SGA组(出生体重低于同胎龄同性别婴儿的第3百分位数)、轻度SGA组(出生体重≥第3百分位数且<第10百分位数)和非SGA组(出生体重≥第10百分位数)。采用有序多分类logistic回归模型分析不同程度SGA发生的影响因素。结果共纳入14821例新生儿,其中重度SGA组258例(1.74%),轻度SGA组902例(6.09%),非SGA组13661例(92.17%)。早产儿比例和死产比例均为重度SGA组>轻度SGA组>非SGA组(P<0.0125);重度SGA组与轻度SGA组新生儿窒息比例均大于非SGA组(P<0.0125)。有序多分类logistic回归分析显示:母孕前消瘦(OR=1.838)、母孕前肥胖(OR=3.024)、体外受精-胚胎移植(OR=2.649)、妊娠合并子痫前期(OR=1.743)、妊娠合并结缔组织病(OR=1.795)、脐带绕颈(OR=1.213)、羊水少(OR=1.848)、宫内生长受限(OR=27.691)等均与发生更严重的SGA有关(P<0.05);孕母为经产妇(OR=0.457)更倾向于不发生严重的SGA(P<0.05)。结论母孕前消瘦、母孕前肥胖、体外受精-胚胎移植、妊娠合并子痫前期、妊娠合并结缔组织病、羊水少、脐带绕颈、宫内生长受限与更严重的SGA发生密切相关;孕母为经产妇是发生严重SGA的保护因素。展开更多
文摘Kidney transplantation is the best replacement treatment for the end-stage renal disease.Currently,the imbalance between the number of patients on a transplant list and the number of organs available constitutes the crucial limitation of this approach.To expand the pool of organs amenable for transplantation,kidneys coming from older patients have been employed;however,the combination of these organs in conjunction with the chronic use of immunosuppressive therapy increases the risk of incidence of graft small renal tumors.This narrative review aims to provide the state of the art on the clinical impact and management of incidentally diagnosed small renal tumors in either donors or recipients.According to the most updated evidence,the use of grafts with a small renal mass,after bench table tumor excision,may be considered a safe option for high-risk patients in hemodialysis.On the other hand,an early small renal mass finding on periodic ultrasound-evaluation in the graft should allow to perform a conservative treatment in order to preserve renal function.Finally,in case of a renal tumor in native kidney,a radical nephrectomy is usually recommended.
基金The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.39870415)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,the Education Ministry of China and Tsinghua University for financial suport.
文摘It was found that phosphorylation of small peptide could improve the sensitivity in mass spectrometry. Density functional theory calculations showed that the energy for the protonation of N-(O,O'-dimethyl) phosphoryl glycylglycine is lower than that of glycylglycine. These could help to understanding the experimental results.
基金the financial support from Project 81771983, 81750110544, 81750410695, 81650110523, and 81471096 (to LXQ) by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)Project 16441909300 by Shanghai Science and Technology Commission+2 种基金Project 2017YFC0909000 by Ministry of Science and Technology of Chinasponsored by the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning (TP2015015)supported by 14DZ2272400 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (to WC)
文摘Nutriology relies on advanced analytical tools to study the molecular compositions of food and provide key information on sample quality/safety. Small nutrients detection is challenging due to the high diversity and broad dynamic range of molecules in food samples, and a further issue is to track low abundance toxins. Herein, we developed a novel plasmonic matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry(MALDI MS)approach to detect small nutrients and toxins in complex biological emulsion samples. Silver nanoshells(SiO_2@-Ag) with optimized structures were used as matrices andachieved direct analysis of ~ 6 n L of human breast milk without any enrichment or separation. We performed identification and quantitation of small nutrients and toxins with limit-of-detection down to 0.4 pmol(for melamine) and reaction time shortened to minutes, which is superior to the conventional biochemical method currently in use. The developed approach contributes to the near-future application of MALDI MS in a broad field and personalized design of plasmonic materials for real-case bio-analysis.
文摘A method for obtaining the small current quark mass dependence of the dressed quark propagator from an effective quark-quark interaction model is developed. Within this approach the small current quark mass effects on dressed-quark propagator have been studied. A comparison with previous results is given.
基金The Key Basic Research Program of Hebei,No.20150329.
文摘BACKGROUND Primary esophageal small cell carcinoma(PESCC)is a highly aggressive malignancy,and its detailed clinical behaviors have remained virtually unknown.Because of the rapid tumor progression,the diagnosis of esophageal small cell carcinoma at early stage is extremely difficult in clinical practice.Currently,only a handful of PESCC cases have been reported.CASE SUMMARY Case 1:A 62-year-old man was diagnosed with an esophageal submucosal tumor by endoscopy.Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a 0.8 cm low echo nodule in the muscularis mucosa.As the patient refused to undergo endoscopic resection,neoplasia was detected by endoscopy 1 year later.Case 2:A 68-year-old woman was diagnosed as having an esophageal submucosal tumor by endoscopy at a local hospital.About 2 wk later,we performed endoscopic ultrasonography and found a 1 cm low echo nodule in the muscularis mucosa;the submucosal was thinner than normal but still continuous;mucosal hyperemia and erosion were found on the surface of the tumor.Endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)was performed and the histopathological finding showed a small cell carcinoma invading the submucosal layer.CONCLUSION Early esophageal small cell carcinoma shows submucosal infiltrating growth with a hypoechoic mass in the muscularis mucosa as diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography.It is easily misdiagnosed as submucosal masses.Endoscopic manifestations should be identified and pathological biopsies should beemployed. ESD may be performed to provide an opportunity for early treatmentof PESCC.
基金Science Technology Key Project of Ministry of Education (Grant No.272006) and the Major State Basic Research Project (Grant No.G1999053901).
文摘To identify potential serum biomarkers that could be used to discriminate lung cancers from normal. Methods Proteomic spectra of twenty-eight serum samples from patients with non-small cell lung cancer and twelve from normal individuals were generated by SELDI (Surfaced Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization) Mass Spectrometry. Anion-exchange columns were used to fractionate the sera into 6 designated pH groups. Two different types of protein chip arrays, IMAC-Cu and WCX2, were employed. Samples were examined in PBSII Protein Chip Reader (Ciphergen Biosystem Inc) and the discriminatory profiling between cancer and normal samples was analyzed with Biomarker Pattern software. Results Five distinct potential lung cancer biomarkers with higher sensitivity and specificity were found, with four common biomarkers in both IMAC-Cu and WCX2 chip; the remaining biomarker occurred only in WCX2 chip. Two biomarkers were up-regulated while three biomarkers were down-regulated in the serum samples from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The sensitivities provided by the individual biomarkers were 75%-96.43% and specificities were 75%-100%. Conclusions The preliminary results suggest that serum is a capable resource for detecting specific non-small cell lung cancer biomarkers. SELDI mass spectrometry is a useful tool for the detection and identification of new potential biomarker of non-small cell lung cancer in serum.
文摘An 80-year-old woman presenting with chest pain was found to have a large,lobulated soft tissue mass in the liver and nearby tissues on abdominal computed tomography(CT).The tumor had invaded the common hepatic artery and main portal vein.Jaundice developed 4 wk later,at which point,a pancreas and biliary CT scan revealed a large mass in the right lobe of the liver and a hilar duct obstruction,which was found to be a small cell carcinoma.Despite its rarity,liver and bile duct small cell carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of atypical chest pain without jaundice.
文摘We report on a case of an 85-year old man with an unusual presentation of small bowel obstruction. A palpable mass on digital rectal examination was subsequently visualised endoscopically with the appearance of a haematoma. The presence of a rectal mass as a presenting sign for small bowel obstruction is highly unusual and unreported in the literature.
文摘BACKGROUND: Although the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentration is the well-known prognostic marker of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), serum CEA concentration has been reported to be affected by smoking status and body mass index (BMI). There are no previous investigations that examined the relationship between BMI and serum CEA concentration in thoracic disease, including NSCLC. METHODS: Consecutive 384 NSCLC patients and 87 patients with benign thoracic disease were enrolled. The relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status and BMI in patients with benign thoracic benign disease and NSCLC was examined. RESULTS: In patients with benign thoracic disease, serum CEA concentration significantly increased with smoking status and Brinkman index. However, serum CEA concentration was not related with BMI. Serum CEA concentration of patients with NSCLC was significantly higher than those with benign disease. In NSCLC patients, the relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status was also found. A significant relationship between serum CEA concentration and smoking status was also found in patients with adenocarcinoma which is known to have weaker associations with smoking in carcinogenesis. On the other hand, we failed to find the relationship between serum CEA concentration and BMI in NSCLC patients. CONCLUSION: Serum CEA concentration may be affected by smoking status but not BMI in our Japanese patients with thoracic disease.
文摘目的探讨不同程度小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)发生的影响因素,为早期识别重度SGA的发生提供依据。方法回顾性收集2018年1月—2022年12月北京大学人民医院产科出生的新生儿及其母亲围产期资料。新生儿分为重度SGA组(出生体重低于同胎龄同性别婴儿的第3百分位数)、轻度SGA组(出生体重≥第3百分位数且<第10百分位数)和非SGA组(出生体重≥第10百分位数)。采用有序多分类logistic回归模型分析不同程度SGA发生的影响因素。结果共纳入14821例新生儿,其中重度SGA组258例(1.74%),轻度SGA组902例(6.09%),非SGA组13661例(92.17%)。早产儿比例和死产比例均为重度SGA组>轻度SGA组>非SGA组(P<0.0125);重度SGA组与轻度SGA组新生儿窒息比例均大于非SGA组(P<0.0125)。有序多分类logistic回归分析显示:母孕前消瘦(OR=1.838)、母孕前肥胖(OR=3.024)、体外受精-胚胎移植(OR=2.649)、妊娠合并子痫前期(OR=1.743)、妊娠合并结缔组织病(OR=1.795)、脐带绕颈(OR=1.213)、羊水少(OR=1.848)、宫内生长受限(OR=27.691)等均与发生更严重的SGA有关(P<0.05);孕母为经产妇(OR=0.457)更倾向于不发生严重的SGA(P<0.05)。结论母孕前消瘦、母孕前肥胖、体外受精-胚胎移植、妊娠合并子痫前期、妊娠合并结缔组织病、羊水少、脐带绕颈、宫内生长受限与更严重的SGA发生密切相关;孕母为经产妇是发生严重SGA的保护因素。
